Pathophysiology 1 (HSC 4555) - Exam 1 Study Guide
Review With Complete Solutions
Pathohysiology - answer can be defined as the study of abnormalities in physiologic
functioning of living beings, therefore it is about revealing the body's responses to
disruptions in its internal or external environment.
Health structure and function - answer It is important to consider that due to diversity,
what two factors are not necessarily identical in any two individuals?
Etiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, treatment implications - answer What
are the four interrelated topics that correspond to pathophysiology?
True - answer True or False: Most diseases are multifactorial.
Yes - answer A patient presents with hair loss due to undergoing chemotherapy, is this
an example of an iatrogenic cause?
Multifactorial disease may be caused by different risk factors, such as genetic
predisposition, diet, smoking, high blood pressure, stress, etc - answer Coronary heart
disease is a multifactorial disease, what are some reasons as to what classifies a
multifactorial disease?
False - answer True or False: Every individual exposed in a population will contract the
disease.
The immune system - answer Which system is an example of an intercellular
communication network?
True - answer True or False: Pathogenesis can be defined as the evolution or
development of disease, starting from the initial stimulus to the final result of
manifestation of the disease.
Etiology is the study of causes or reasons for a particular something, and the causes
can be categorized as idiopathic (cause unknown) or iatrogenic (results from an
unwanted medical treatment) - answer The definition of etiology is, and what are its
classifications?
Etiology: causes or reasons of disease
Pathogenesis: development of disease
Clinical manifestations: signs, symptoms, stages, course
Treatment implications: general treatment strategies - answer The four interrelated
topic definitions are:
,Etiology:
Pathogenesis:
Clinical manifestations:
Treatment Implications:
False - answer True or False: Signs can be defined as a subjective clinical manifestation.
False - answer True or False: Symptoms can be defined as an objective clinical
manifestation.
Headache - answer Which of the following is an example of the clinical manifestation
known as a symptom?
a) Vomiting
b) Observing enlarged lymph nodes
c) Headache
d) Bruise
True - answer True or False: Syndrome is the etiology of signs and symptoms that have
not been determined.
Latent period is the time between exposure of tissue to injurious agents and first
appearance of signs and/ or symptoms.
Prodromal period is a time during which first signs/ symptoms appear indicating onset
of disease. - answer What is the difference between latent period vs a prodromal
period?
Yes - answer Is the acute phase when the disease has reached its full intensity?
Latent Period - answer Which is the phase that refers to a period a during an illness
when the signs/symptoms temporarily become mild, silent, or disappear?
Exacerbation: a sudden increase in severity of disease or signs or symptoms
Remission: decrease in severity of disease or signs or symptoms; may indicate disease
is cured
Convalescence: stage of recovery after a disease, injury, or surgical procedure
Sequelae: subsequent pathologic condition resulting from an illness - answer Definitions
for:
Exacerbation:
, Remission:
Convalescence:
Sequela:
True - answer True or False: Specific treatment recommendations are beyond the scope
of this text.
Normal - answer Fill in the blank: To determine whether a certain finding is indicative of
a disease or "abnormal", it must be compared with what is
Positive predictive value is the probability that a disease is present if the test is positive.
The negative predictive value is the probability that the disease is absent if the test is
negative. - answer What is the difference between positive and negative predictive
value?
True - answer True or False: Specificity is the probability that a test will be negative
when applied to a person without a particular condition.
False negative - answer Fill in the blank: Strep Throat Swab with a sensitivity of 80%
means that 20% of people with the condition will test negative making this a
Endemic: native to a local region
Epidemic: spread to many at the same time
Pandemic: spread to large geographic areas - answer Definitions for the Patterns of
Disease
a) Endemic:
b) Epidemic:
c) pandemic:
Screening for cancer - answer Which of the following is an example of secondary
prevention?
Review With Complete Solutions
Pathohysiology - answer can be defined as the study of abnormalities in physiologic
functioning of living beings, therefore it is about revealing the body's responses to
disruptions in its internal or external environment.
Health structure and function - answer It is important to consider that due to diversity,
what two factors are not necessarily identical in any two individuals?
Etiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, treatment implications - answer What
are the four interrelated topics that correspond to pathophysiology?
True - answer True or False: Most diseases are multifactorial.
Yes - answer A patient presents with hair loss due to undergoing chemotherapy, is this
an example of an iatrogenic cause?
Multifactorial disease may be caused by different risk factors, such as genetic
predisposition, diet, smoking, high blood pressure, stress, etc - answer Coronary heart
disease is a multifactorial disease, what are some reasons as to what classifies a
multifactorial disease?
False - answer True or False: Every individual exposed in a population will contract the
disease.
The immune system - answer Which system is an example of an intercellular
communication network?
True - answer True or False: Pathogenesis can be defined as the evolution or
development of disease, starting from the initial stimulus to the final result of
manifestation of the disease.
Etiology is the study of causes or reasons for a particular something, and the causes
can be categorized as idiopathic (cause unknown) or iatrogenic (results from an
unwanted medical treatment) - answer The definition of etiology is, and what are its
classifications?
Etiology: causes or reasons of disease
Pathogenesis: development of disease
Clinical manifestations: signs, symptoms, stages, course
Treatment implications: general treatment strategies - answer The four interrelated
topic definitions are:
,Etiology:
Pathogenesis:
Clinical manifestations:
Treatment Implications:
False - answer True or False: Signs can be defined as a subjective clinical manifestation.
False - answer True or False: Symptoms can be defined as an objective clinical
manifestation.
Headache - answer Which of the following is an example of the clinical manifestation
known as a symptom?
a) Vomiting
b) Observing enlarged lymph nodes
c) Headache
d) Bruise
True - answer True or False: Syndrome is the etiology of signs and symptoms that have
not been determined.
Latent period is the time between exposure of tissue to injurious agents and first
appearance of signs and/ or symptoms.
Prodromal period is a time during which first signs/ symptoms appear indicating onset
of disease. - answer What is the difference between latent period vs a prodromal
period?
Yes - answer Is the acute phase when the disease has reached its full intensity?
Latent Period - answer Which is the phase that refers to a period a during an illness
when the signs/symptoms temporarily become mild, silent, or disappear?
Exacerbation: a sudden increase in severity of disease or signs or symptoms
Remission: decrease in severity of disease or signs or symptoms; may indicate disease
is cured
Convalescence: stage of recovery after a disease, injury, or surgical procedure
Sequelae: subsequent pathologic condition resulting from an illness - answer Definitions
for:
Exacerbation:
, Remission:
Convalescence:
Sequela:
True - answer True or False: Specific treatment recommendations are beyond the scope
of this text.
Normal - answer Fill in the blank: To determine whether a certain finding is indicative of
a disease or "abnormal", it must be compared with what is
Positive predictive value is the probability that a disease is present if the test is positive.
The negative predictive value is the probability that the disease is absent if the test is
negative. - answer What is the difference between positive and negative predictive
value?
True - answer True or False: Specificity is the probability that a test will be negative
when applied to a person without a particular condition.
False negative - answer Fill in the blank: Strep Throat Swab with a sensitivity of 80%
means that 20% of people with the condition will test negative making this a
Endemic: native to a local region
Epidemic: spread to many at the same time
Pandemic: spread to large geographic areas - answer Definitions for the Patterns of
Disease
a) Endemic:
b) Epidemic:
c) pandemic:
Screening for cancer - answer Which of the following is an example of secondary
prevention?
