PYC4813 Assignment 2 2025
2 2025 719223
Unique Number:
Due date: 8 August 2025
QUESTION 1
THE EFFECT OF BRAIN DAMAGE ON LANGUAGE ABILITIES
Brain damage can affect many areas of a person’s life, especially language. When certain
parts of the brain are injured, people may struggle with speaking, understanding, reading, or
writing. This is often seen in people with a condition called aphasia. Aphasia happens when
there is damage to the language areas of the brain, usually in the left hemisphere. The two
most well-known types are Broca’s aphasia and Wernicke’s aphasia. These conditions show
us how the brain controls language and what happens when it is damaged.
Broca’s Aphasia
Broca’s aphasia is caused by damage to the left frontal lobe, in a part of the brain known as
Broca’s area. This area helps us form words and speak clearly. When this area is injured, a
person can understand what others say but struggles to speak. Their speech becomes slow,
broken, and hard to understand. They know what they want to say, but their brain has
trouble telling the mouth and tongue how to move correctly (Kalat, 2023).
DISCLAIMER & TERMS OF USE
Educational Aid: These study notes are intended to be used as educational resources and should not be seen as a
replacement for individual research, critical analysis, or professional consultation. Students are encouraged to perform
their own research and seek advice from their instructors or academic advisors for specific assignment guidelines.
Personal Responsibility: While every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the information in
these study notes, the seller does not guarantee the completeness or correctness of all content. The buyer is
responsible for verifying the accuracy of the information and exercising their own judgment when applying it to their
assignments.
Academic Integrity: It is essential for students to maintain academic integrity and follow their institution's policies
regarding plagiarism, citation, and referencing. These study notes should be used as learning tools and sources of
inspiration. Any direct reproduction of the content without proper citation and acknowledgment may be considered
academic misconduct.
Limited Liability: The seller shall not be liable for any direct or indirect damages, losses, or consequences arising from
the use of these notes. This includes, but is not limited to, poor academic performance, penalties, or any other negative
consequences resulting from the application or misuse of the information provided.
, For additional support +27 81 278 3372
QUESTION 1
THE EFFECT OF BRAIN DAMAGE ON LANGUAGE ABILITIES
Brain damage can affect many areas of a person’s life, especially language. When
certain parts of the brain are injured, people may struggle with speaking,
understanding, reading, or writing. This is often seen in people with a condition
called aphasia. Aphasia happens when there is damage to the language areas of the
brain, usually in the left hemisphere. The two most well-known types are Broca’s
aphasia and Wernicke’s aphasia. These conditions show us how the brain controls
language and what happens when it is damaged.
Broca’s Aphasia
Broca’s aphasia is caused by damage to the left frontal lobe, in a part of the brain
known as Broca’s area. This area helps us form words and speak clearly. When this
area is injured, a person can understand what others say but struggles to speak.
Their speech becomes slow, broken, and hard to understand. They know what they
want to say, but their brain has trouble telling the mouth and tongue how to move
correctly (Kalat, 2023).
For example, someone with Broca’s aphasia might say "want... water... cup" instead
of saying "I want a cup of water." The words are in the wrong order or missing, but
the main message is still there. Writing is also difficult, and the person may have the
same trouble putting words together on paper. Even though these people know what
they want to say, they get frustrated because they cannot say it smoothly (Kolb,
2021).
Wernicke’s Aphasia
Wernicke’s aphasia is different. It happens when there is damage to the left temporal
lobe, especially an area called Wernicke’s area. This part of the brain helps us
understand language and make meaningful sentences. When it is damaged, a
person can speak fluently, but their words may not make sense. They may use long
sentences with made-up or wrong words, and they may not realise their speech is
confusing (Ward, 2020).
2 2025 719223
Unique Number:
Due date: 8 August 2025
QUESTION 1
THE EFFECT OF BRAIN DAMAGE ON LANGUAGE ABILITIES
Brain damage can affect many areas of a person’s life, especially language. When certain
parts of the brain are injured, people may struggle with speaking, understanding, reading, or
writing. This is often seen in people with a condition called aphasia. Aphasia happens when
there is damage to the language areas of the brain, usually in the left hemisphere. The two
most well-known types are Broca’s aphasia and Wernicke’s aphasia. These conditions show
us how the brain controls language and what happens when it is damaged.
Broca’s Aphasia
Broca’s aphasia is caused by damage to the left frontal lobe, in a part of the brain known as
Broca’s area. This area helps us form words and speak clearly. When this area is injured, a
person can understand what others say but struggles to speak. Their speech becomes slow,
broken, and hard to understand. They know what they want to say, but their brain has
trouble telling the mouth and tongue how to move correctly (Kalat, 2023).
DISCLAIMER & TERMS OF USE
Educational Aid: These study notes are intended to be used as educational resources and should not be seen as a
replacement for individual research, critical analysis, or professional consultation. Students are encouraged to perform
their own research and seek advice from their instructors or academic advisors for specific assignment guidelines.
Personal Responsibility: While every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the information in
these study notes, the seller does not guarantee the completeness or correctness of all content. The buyer is
responsible for verifying the accuracy of the information and exercising their own judgment when applying it to their
assignments.
Academic Integrity: It is essential for students to maintain academic integrity and follow their institution's policies
regarding plagiarism, citation, and referencing. These study notes should be used as learning tools and sources of
inspiration. Any direct reproduction of the content without proper citation and acknowledgment may be considered
academic misconduct.
Limited Liability: The seller shall not be liable for any direct or indirect damages, losses, or consequences arising from
the use of these notes. This includes, but is not limited to, poor academic performance, penalties, or any other negative
consequences resulting from the application or misuse of the information provided.
, For additional support +27 81 278 3372
QUESTION 1
THE EFFECT OF BRAIN DAMAGE ON LANGUAGE ABILITIES
Brain damage can affect many areas of a person’s life, especially language. When
certain parts of the brain are injured, people may struggle with speaking,
understanding, reading, or writing. This is often seen in people with a condition
called aphasia. Aphasia happens when there is damage to the language areas of the
brain, usually in the left hemisphere. The two most well-known types are Broca’s
aphasia and Wernicke’s aphasia. These conditions show us how the brain controls
language and what happens when it is damaged.
Broca’s Aphasia
Broca’s aphasia is caused by damage to the left frontal lobe, in a part of the brain
known as Broca’s area. This area helps us form words and speak clearly. When this
area is injured, a person can understand what others say but struggles to speak.
Their speech becomes slow, broken, and hard to understand. They know what they
want to say, but their brain has trouble telling the mouth and tongue how to move
correctly (Kalat, 2023).
For example, someone with Broca’s aphasia might say "want... water... cup" instead
of saying "I want a cup of water." The words are in the wrong order or missing, but
the main message is still there. Writing is also difficult, and the person may have the
same trouble putting words together on paper. Even though these people know what
they want to say, they get frustrated because they cannot say it smoothly (Kolb,
2021).
Wernicke’s Aphasia
Wernicke’s aphasia is different. It happens when there is damage to the left temporal
lobe, especially an area called Wernicke’s area. This part of the brain helps us
understand language and make meaningful sentences. When it is damaged, a
person can speak fluently, but their words may not make sense. They may use long
sentences with made-up or wrong words, and they may not realise their speech is
confusing (Ward, 2020).
