BMCC BIO 425 Exam Chapter 1-4 Questions and Answers Fully Solved
Anatomy - Answers The study of body structure
Physiology - Answers The study of body function
Organism - Answers Is a single, complete individual composed of organ systems.
an organ - Answers Is a structure composed of two or more tissue types that work together to carry out
a particular function.
A tissue - Answers Is a mass of similar cells and cell products that forms
a discrete region of an organ and performs a specific function.
Cells - Answers Are the smallest units of an organism that carry out all
the basic functions of life; nothing simpler than a cell is considered alive.
Cytology - Answers the study of cells and organelles
An organ system - Answers Is a group of organs with a unique collective
function, such as circulation, respiration, or digestion.
Shapes of cells - Answers squamous, cuboidal, columnar
squamous cells - Answers flattened and scale-like(skin cells)
cuboidal cells - Answers cube shaped cells(liver
columnar cells - Answers tall and column shaped( stomach and intestine cells)
Molecules - Answers two or more atoms joined together
Atom - Answers Smallest particle of an element
Organelle - Answers any of a number of organized or specialized structures within a living cell.
( Composed of molecules.
Anatomical Variation - Answers No two humans are exactly alike
Gross Anatomy - Answers Study of structures that can be seen with the naked eye
The body is composed of only four primary classes of tissue: - Answers epithelial, connective, nervous,
and muscular tissue.
Metabolism - Answers sum of all internal chemical change: anabolism (synthesis) and catabolism
(digestion) the separation of wastes from the tissues and their elimination from the body.
, development - Answers is any change in form or function over the lifetime of the organism.
(1)differentiation, the transformation of cells with no specialized function into cells that are committed
to a particular task; and (2) growth, an increase in size. Some nonliving things grow, but not in the way
your body does.
Evolution of a population - Answers changes in genes
reproducing - Answers producing copies of themselves; passing genes to offspring
Hemeostasis - Answers maintenance of internal stability
Characteristics of life - Answers organization, metabolism, responsiveness, development, reproduction,
Movement, Cellular composition
organization - Answers living things exhibit a higher level of organization than nonliving things
cellular composition - Answers living matter is always compartmentalized into one or more cells
Movement - Answers Movement—of organism and/or of substances within the organism.
Responsiveness - Answers ability to sense and react to stimuli (irritability or excitability).
cell theory - Answers idea that all living things are composed of cells, cells are the basic units of structure
and function in living things, and new cells are produced from existing cells. cells of all species exhibit
biochemical similarities
Human cell size - Answers 10-15 micrometers in diameter
Basic components of a cell - Answers plasma membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus
light microscope (LM) - Answers revealed plasma membrane, nucleus, and cytoplasm (fluid between
nucleus and surface)
Transmission electron microscope (TEM) - Answers improved resolution (ability to reveal detail)
Scanning electron microscope (SEM) - Answers improved resolution further, but only for surface
features
Cytoplasm - Answers the material or protoplasm within a living cell, excluding the nucleus.(Organelles,
Cytoskeleton
Inclusions (stored or foreign particles)Cytosol (intracellular
fluid, ICF)
extracellular fluid - Answers fluid outside the cell
plasma membrane - Answers The membrane at the boundary of every cell that acts as a selective
barrier, thereby regulating the cell's chemical composition.
Anatomy - Answers The study of body structure
Physiology - Answers The study of body function
Organism - Answers Is a single, complete individual composed of organ systems.
an organ - Answers Is a structure composed of two or more tissue types that work together to carry out
a particular function.
A tissue - Answers Is a mass of similar cells and cell products that forms
a discrete region of an organ and performs a specific function.
Cells - Answers Are the smallest units of an organism that carry out all
the basic functions of life; nothing simpler than a cell is considered alive.
Cytology - Answers the study of cells and organelles
An organ system - Answers Is a group of organs with a unique collective
function, such as circulation, respiration, or digestion.
Shapes of cells - Answers squamous, cuboidal, columnar
squamous cells - Answers flattened and scale-like(skin cells)
cuboidal cells - Answers cube shaped cells(liver
columnar cells - Answers tall and column shaped( stomach and intestine cells)
Molecules - Answers two or more atoms joined together
Atom - Answers Smallest particle of an element
Organelle - Answers any of a number of organized or specialized structures within a living cell.
( Composed of molecules.
Anatomical Variation - Answers No two humans are exactly alike
Gross Anatomy - Answers Study of structures that can be seen with the naked eye
The body is composed of only four primary classes of tissue: - Answers epithelial, connective, nervous,
and muscular tissue.
Metabolism - Answers sum of all internal chemical change: anabolism (synthesis) and catabolism
(digestion) the separation of wastes from the tissues and their elimination from the body.
, development - Answers is any change in form or function over the lifetime of the organism.
(1)differentiation, the transformation of cells with no specialized function into cells that are committed
to a particular task; and (2) growth, an increase in size. Some nonliving things grow, but not in the way
your body does.
Evolution of a population - Answers changes in genes
reproducing - Answers producing copies of themselves; passing genes to offspring
Hemeostasis - Answers maintenance of internal stability
Characteristics of life - Answers organization, metabolism, responsiveness, development, reproduction,
Movement, Cellular composition
organization - Answers living things exhibit a higher level of organization than nonliving things
cellular composition - Answers living matter is always compartmentalized into one or more cells
Movement - Answers Movement—of organism and/or of substances within the organism.
Responsiveness - Answers ability to sense and react to stimuli (irritability or excitability).
cell theory - Answers idea that all living things are composed of cells, cells are the basic units of structure
and function in living things, and new cells are produced from existing cells. cells of all species exhibit
biochemical similarities
Human cell size - Answers 10-15 micrometers in diameter
Basic components of a cell - Answers plasma membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus
light microscope (LM) - Answers revealed plasma membrane, nucleus, and cytoplasm (fluid between
nucleus and surface)
Transmission electron microscope (TEM) - Answers improved resolution (ability to reveal detail)
Scanning electron microscope (SEM) - Answers improved resolution further, but only for surface
features
Cytoplasm - Answers the material or protoplasm within a living cell, excluding the nucleus.(Organelles,
Cytoskeleton
Inclusions (stored or foreign particles)Cytosol (intracellular
fluid, ICF)
extracellular fluid - Answers fluid outside the cell
plasma membrane - Answers The membrane at the boundary of every cell that acts as a selective
barrier, thereby regulating the cell's chemical composition.
