1. Which finding suggests dehydration?
A. Moist mucous membranes
B. Bounding pulse
C. Decreased skin turgor
D. Weight gain
Answer: C. Decreased skin turgor
Rationale: Poor skin turgor is a classic sign of dehydration, especially
in older adults.
2. Which food item is appropriate for a client on a clear liquid diet?
A. Milkshake
B. Gelatin
C. Yogurt
D. Ice cream
Answer: B. Gelatin
Rationale: Clear liquid diets include transparent liquids like broth,
gelatin, and clear juices.
3. A client with lactose intolerance should avoid which food?
A. Cottage cheese
B. Almond milk
C. Soy yogurt
D. Hard-boiled egg
Answer: A. Cottage cheese
Rationale: Cottage cheese contains lactose. Almond milk, soy yogurt,
and eggs are lactose-free.
4. A nurse is reinforcing dietary teaching to a client who follows a
kosher diet. Which of the following food combinations is appropriate?
A. Cheeseburger with fries
B. Chicken with cream sauce
,C. Fish with steamed vegetables
D. Ham and eggs
Answer: C. Fish with steamed vegetables
Rationale: Kosher diets prohibit mixing meat and dairy and exclude
pork. Fish with vegetables is typically acceptable.
5. What is a sign of vitamin A toxicity?
A. Night blindness
B. Dry skin
C. Nausea and liver damage
D. Rickets
Answer: C. Nausea and liver damage
Rationale: Excess vitamin A is toxic and can cause nausea, headaches,
and liver dysfunction.
6. Which of the following conditions requires a low-purine diet?
A. Hypertension
B. Chronic kidney disease
C. Gout
D. Diabetes mellitus
Answer: C. Gout
Rationale: Gout is managed by limiting purine intake, which can reduce
uric acid levels and flare-ups.
7. Which of the following is a sign of vitamin C deficiency?
A. Night blindness
B. Delayed wound healing
C. Rickets
D. Neural tube defects
Answer: B. Delayed wound healing
Rationale: Vitamin C is essential for collagen synthesis and wound
healing. Night blindness is related to vitamin A, rickets to vitamin D,
, and neural tube defects to folate.
8. A vegetarian is at risk for deficiency in which nutrient?
A. Fiber
B. Vitamin B12
C. Vitamin C
D. Magnesium
Answer: B. Vitamin B12
Rationale: Vitamin B12 is found in animal products. Vegetarians and
vegans may require supplementation.
9. What food should a nurse recommend for a client who needs
increased zinc intake?
A. Carrots
B. Legumes
C. Apples
D. Potatoes
Answer: B. Legumes
Rationale: Legumes, meats, nuts, and whole grains are good sources of
zinc, important for immune function and wound healing.
10. A nurse is teaching a client about nutrition during pregnancy.
Which of the following should the nurse recommend increasing?
A. Sodium
B. Caffeine
C. Iron
D. Vitamin K
Answer: C. Iron
Rationale: Pregnant clients need increased iron to support increased
blood volume and fetal development.
11. A nurse is reviewing the lab values of a client who has iron
deficiency anemia. Which of the following findings should the nurse
A. Moist mucous membranes
B. Bounding pulse
C. Decreased skin turgor
D. Weight gain
Answer: C. Decreased skin turgor
Rationale: Poor skin turgor is a classic sign of dehydration, especially
in older adults.
2. Which food item is appropriate for a client on a clear liquid diet?
A. Milkshake
B. Gelatin
C. Yogurt
D. Ice cream
Answer: B. Gelatin
Rationale: Clear liquid diets include transparent liquids like broth,
gelatin, and clear juices.
3. A client with lactose intolerance should avoid which food?
A. Cottage cheese
B. Almond milk
C. Soy yogurt
D. Hard-boiled egg
Answer: A. Cottage cheese
Rationale: Cottage cheese contains lactose. Almond milk, soy yogurt,
and eggs are lactose-free.
4. A nurse is reinforcing dietary teaching to a client who follows a
kosher diet. Which of the following food combinations is appropriate?
A. Cheeseburger with fries
B. Chicken with cream sauce
,C. Fish with steamed vegetables
D. Ham and eggs
Answer: C. Fish with steamed vegetables
Rationale: Kosher diets prohibit mixing meat and dairy and exclude
pork. Fish with vegetables is typically acceptable.
5. What is a sign of vitamin A toxicity?
A. Night blindness
B. Dry skin
C. Nausea and liver damage
D. Rickets
Answer: C. Nausea and liver damage
Rationale: Excess vitamin A is toxic and can cause nausea, headaches,
and liver dysfunction.
6. Which of the following conditions requires a low-purine diet?
A. Hypertension
B. Chronic kidney disease
C. Gout
D. Diabetes mellitus
Answer: C. Gout
Rationale: Gout is managed by limiting purine intake, which can reduce
uric acid levels and flare-ups.
7. Which of the following is a sign of vitamin C deficiency?
A. Night blindness
B. Delayed wound healing
C. Rickets
D. Neural tube defects
Answer: B. Delayed wound healing
Rationale: Vitamin C is essential for collagen synthesis and wound
healing. Night blindness is related to vitamin A, rickets to vitamin D,
, and neural tube defects to folate.
8. A vegetarian is at risk for deficiency in which nutrient?
A. Fiber
B. Vitamin B12
C. Vitamin C
D. Magnesium
Answer: B. Vitamin B12
Rationale: Vitamin B12 is found in animal products. Vegetarians and
vegans may require supplementation.
9. What food should a nurse recommend for a client who needs
increased zinc intake?
A. Carrots
B. Legumes
C. Apples
D. Potatoes
Answer: B. Legumes
Rationale: Legumes, meats, nuts, and whole grains are good sources of
zinc, important for immune function and wound healing.
10. A nurse is teaching a client about nutrition during pregnancy.
Which of the following should the nurse recommend increasing?
A. Sodium
B. Caffeine
C. Iron
D. Vitamin K
Answer: C. Iron
Rationale: Pregnant clients need increased iron to support increased
blood volume and fetal development.
11. A nurse is reviewing the lab values of a client who has iron
deficiency anemia. Which of the following findings should the nurse
