TEST BANK
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TEST BANK
,John E. Hall : Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology (Guyton Physiology) 14th
Edition
Chapter 01: Functional Organization of the Human Body and Control of the
―Internal Environment
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which of the following statements about homeostasis is incorrect?
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a. It refers to the maintenance of a stable internal environment for the body.
b. Homeostatic mechanisms do not operate in diseases.
c. Homeostasis requires integrated actions of the cells, tissues, organs, and multiple
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nervous, hormonal, and local control systems.
d. Homeostatic compensations that begin after a major environmental challenge may
contribute to abnormalities of body function.
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ANS: B
2. What is the most abundant type of cell in the human body?
a. Neuron
b. Epithelial cell
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c. Red blood cell
d. White blood cell
e. Vascular smooth muscle cell
f. Skeletal muscle cell
ANS: C
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3. The most abundant substance in the human body and the approximate percentage of that
substance in the body is which of the following?
a. Protein, 30%
b. Protein, 60%
c. Water, 30%
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d. Water, 60%
e. Carbohydrate, 30%
f. Carbohydrate, 60%
ANS: D
4. If the feedback gain of a control system is 2.0, this means that the system is
a. a negative feedback system capable of correcting 1/2 of the initial disturbance to
the system.
b. a negative feedback system capable of correcting 2/3 of the initial disturbance to
the system.
c. a negative feedback system capable of correcting 3/4 of the initial disturbance to
, the system.
d. a positive feedback system capable of correcting 1/2 of the initial disturbance to
the system.
e. a positive feedback system capable of correcting 2/3 of the initial disturbance to
the system.
f. a positive feedback system capable of correcting 3/4 of the initial disturbance to
the system.
ANS: B
5. Which of the following substances has the highest extracellular fluid to intracellular fluid
concentration ratio for most mammalian cells?
a. Sodium ions
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b. Potassium ions
c. Carbon dioxide
d. Glucose
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e. Protein
ANS: A
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6. Exchange of substances between the cardiovascular system and the interstitial fluid occurs
mainly in which of the following?
a. Arteries
b. Arterioles
c. Capillaries
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d. Venules
e. Veins
ANS: C
7. What is the approximate distance from the capillaries to most cells of the body?
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a. Less than 50 angstroms
b. Less than 50 microns
c. Less than 50 millimeters
d. Less than 100 angstroms
e. Less than 100 microns
f. Less than 100 millimeters
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ANS: A
8. When a person is at rest, how much time is required for the blood in the circulation to
traverse the entire circulatory circuit?
a. 1 second
b. 1 minute
c. 3 minutes
d. 4 minutes
e. 5 minutes
ANS: B
, 9. The type of control system that can sometimes cause instability and vicious cycles is
called
G
O
LD
TU
TO
R
G
O
LD
TU
TO
R
TEST BANK
,John E. Hall : Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology (Guyton Physiology) 14th
Edition
Chapter 01: Functional Organization of the Human Body and Control of the
―Internal Environment
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which of the following statements about homeostasis is incorrect?
G
a. It refers to the maintenance of a stable internal environment for the body.
b. Homeostatic mechanisms do not operate in diseases.
c. Homeostasis requires integrated actions of the cells, tissues, organs, and multiple
O
nervous, hormonal, and local control systems.
d. Homeostatic compensations that begin after a major environmental challenge may
contribute to abnormalities of body function.
LD
ANS: B
2. What is the most abundant type of cell in the human body?
a. Neuron
b. Epithelial cell
TU
c. Red blood cell
d. White blood cell
e. Vascular smooth muscle cell
f. Skeletal muscle cell
ANS: C
TO
3. The most abundant substance in the human body and the approximate percentage of that
substance in the body is which of the following?
a. Protein, 30%
b. Protein, 60%
c. Water, 30%
R
d. Water, 60%
e. Carbohydrate, 30%
f. Carbohydrate, 60%
ANS: D
4. If the feedback gain of a control system is 2.0, this means that the system is
a. a negative feedback system capable of correcting 1/2 of the initial disturbance to
the system.
b. a negative feedback system capable of correcting 2/3 of the initial disturbance to
the system.
c. a negative feedback system capable of correcting 3/4 of the initial disturbance to
, the system.
d. a positive feedback system capable of correcting 1/2 of the initial disturbance to
the system.
e. a positive feedback system capable of correcting 2/3 of the initial disturbance to
the system.
f. a positive feedback system capable of correcting 3/4 of the initial disturbance to
the system.
ANS: B
5. Which of the following substances has the highest extracellular fluid to intracellular fluid
concentration ratio for most mammalian cells?
a. Sodium ions
G
b. Potassium ions
c. Carbon dioxide
d. Glucose
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e. Protein
ANS: A
LD
6. Exchange of substances between the cardiovascular system and the interstitial fluid occurs
mainly in which of the following?
a. Arteries
b. Arterioles
c. Capillaries
TU
d. Venules
e. Veins
ANS: C
7. What is the approximate distance from the capillaries to most cells of the body?
TO
a. Less than 50 angstroms
b. Less than 50 microns
c. Less than 50 millimeters
d. Less than 100 angstroms
e. Less than 100 microns
f. Less than 100 millimeters
R
ANS: A
8. When a person is at rest, how much time is required for the blood in the circulation to
traverse the entire circulatory circuit?
a. 1 second
b. 1 minute
c. 3 minutes
d. 4 minutes
e. 5 minutes
ANS: B
, 9. The type of control system that can sometimes cause instability and vicious cycles is
called
G
O
LD
TU
TO
R
