NDT UT Level 2 (Multiple Choice) 191
Questions and Correct Answers,
2025/2026. 100% Correct.
The wave mode that has multiple or varying wave velocities is:
A. Longitudinal waves
B. Shear waves
C. Transverse waves
D. Lamb waves
Which of the following would be considered application(s) of ultrasonic techniques?
A. Determination of a material's elastic modulus
B. Study of a material's metallurgical structure
C. Measurement of a material's thickness
D. All of the above
The only significant sound wave mode that travels through a liquid is:
A. Shear wave
B. Longitudinal wave
C. Surface wave
D. Rayleigh wave
The acoustic impedance of a material is used to determine the:
A. Angle of refraction at an interface
B. Attenuation within the material
C. Relative amounts of sound energy coupled through and reflected at the interface
D. Beam spread within the material
When angle beam contact testing a test piece, increasing the incident angle until the second critical
angle is reached results in:
A. Total reflection of a surface wave
B. 45 degree refraction of the shear wave
C. Production of a surface wave
D. None of the above
Acoustic energy propagates in different modes. Which of the following represents a mode?
A. A longitudinal wave
B. A shear wave
C. A surface wave
D. All of the above
The simple experiment where a stick in a glass of water appears disjointed at the water surface
illustrates the phenomenon of:
,A. Reflection
B. Magnification
C. Refraction
D. Diffraction
The crystal thickness and transducer frequency are related. The thinner the crystal:
A. The lower the frequency
B. The high the frequency
C. There is no appreciable affect
D. None of the above
The random distribution of crystallographic direction in alloys with large crystalline structures is a
factor in determining:
A. Acoustic noise levels
B. Selection of test frequency
C. Scattering of sound
D. All of the above
The length of the zone adjacent to a transducer in which functions in sound pressure occur is mostly
affected by:
A. The frequency of the transducer
B. The diameter of the transducer
C. The length of transducer cable
D. Both A and B
The differences in signals received from identical reflectors at different material distances from a
transducer may be caused by:
A. Material attenuation
B. Beam divergence
C. Near field effects
All of the above
It is possible for a discontinuity smaller than the transducer to produce indications of fluctuating
amplitude as the transducer is moved laterally if testing is being performed in the:
A. Fraunhofer zone
B. Near field
C. Snell field
D. Shadow zone
In immersion testing, the near field effects of a transducer may be eliminated by:
A. Increasing transducer frequency
B. Using a larger diameter transducer
C. Using an appropriate water path
D. Using a focused transducer
In Figure 1, assuming a uniform beam pattern, what relationship would you expect to exist between
the amplitudes of the reflected laminar signals at position A and B?
, A. 12 dB difference
B. Equal amplitude
C. 2 to 1
D. 3 to 1
In the fare field of a uniform ultrasonic beam, sound intensity is ___________ the beam centerline.
A. Minimum at
B. Maximum at
C. Maximum throughout twice the angle (sin Y=C/Df)
Where is acoustic velocity, D is crystal diameter, and f is frequency at
D. Not related to orientation of
Which of the following may result in a long narrow rod if the beam divergence results in a reflection
from a side of the test piece before the sound wave reaches the back surface?
A. Multiple indications before the first back reflection
B. Indications from multiple surface reflections
C. Conversion from the longitudinal mode to shear mode
D. Loss of front surface indications
Where does beam divergence occur?
A. Near field
B. Far field
C. At the crystal
D. None of the above
As frequency increases in ultrasonic testing, the angle of beam divergence of a given diameter
crystal:
A. Decreases
B. Remains unchanged
C. Increases
D. Varies uniformly though each wavelength
We have an expert-written solution to this problem!
As the radius of curvature of a curved lens is increased, the focal length of the lens:
A. Increases
B. Decreases
C. Remains the same
D. Cannot be determined unless the frequency is known
When examining materials for planar flaws oriented parallel to the part surface, what testing
method is most often used?
A. Angle beam
B. Though-transmission
Questions and Correct Answers,
2025/2026. 100% Correct.
The wave mode that has multiple or varying wave velocities is:
A. Longitudinal waves
B. Shear waves
C. Transverse waves
D. Lamb waves
Which of the following would be considered application(s) of ultrasonic techniques?
A. Determination of a material's elastic modulus
B. Study of a material's metallurgical structure
C. Measurement of a material's thickness
D. All of the above
The only significant sound wave mode that travels through a liquid is:
A. Shear wave
B. Longitudinal wave
C. Surface wave
D. Rayleigh wave
The acoustic impedance of a material is used to determine the:
A. Angle of refraction at an interface
B. Attenuation within the material
C. Relative amounts of sound energy coupled through and reflected at the interface
D. Beam spread within the material
When angle beam contact testing a test piece, increasing the incident angle until the second critical
angle is reached results in:
A. Total reflection of a surface wave
B. 45 degree refraction of the shear wave
C. Production of a surface wave
D. None of the above
Acoustic energy propagates in different modes. Which of the following represents a mode?
A. A longitudinal wave
B. A shear wave
C. A surface wave
D. All of the above
The simple experiment where a stick in a glass of water appears disjointed at the water surface
illustrates the phenomenon of:
,A. Reflection
B. Magnification
C. Refraction
D. Diffraction
The crystal thickness and transducer frequency are related. The thinner the crystal:
A. The lower the frequency
B. The high the frequency
C. There is no appreciable affect
D. None of the above
The random distribution of crystallographic direction in alloys with large crystalline structures is a
factor in determining:
A. Acoustic noise levels
B. Selection of test frequency
C. Scattering of sound
D. All of the above
The length of the zone adjacent to a transducer in which functions in sound pressure occur is mostly
affected by:
A. The frequency of the transducer
B. The diameter of the transducer
C. The length of transducer cable
D. Both A and B
The differences in signals received from identical reflectors at different material distances from a
transducer may be caused by:
A. Material attenuation
B. Beam divergence
C. Near field effects
All of the above
It is possible for a discontinuity smaller than the transducer to produce indications of fluctuating
amplitude as the transducer is moved laterally if testing is being performed in the:
A. Fraunhofer zone
B. Near field
C. Snell field
D. Shadow zone
In immersion testing, the near field effects of a transducer may be eliminated by:
A. Increasing transducer frequency
B. Using a larger diameter transducer
C. Using an appropriate water path
D. Using a focused transducer
In Figure 1, assuming a uniform beam pattern, what relationship would you expect to exist between
the amplitudes of the reflected laminar signals at position A and B?
, A. 12 dB difference
B. Equal amplitude
C. 2 to 1
D. 3 to 1
In the fare field of a uniform ultrasonic beam, sound intensity is ___________ the beam centerline.
A. Minimum at
B. Maximum at
C. Maximum throughout twice the angle (sin Y=C/Df)
Where is acoustic velocity, D is crystal diameter, and f is frequency at
D. Not related to orientation of
Which of the following may result in a long narrow rod if the beam divergence results in a reflection
from a side of the test piece before the sound wave reaches the back surface?
A. Multiple indications before the first back reflection
B. Indications from multiple surface reflections
C. Conversion from the longitudinal mode to shear mode
D. Loss of front surface indications
Where does beam divergence occur?
A. Near field
B. Far field
C. At the crystal
D. None of the above
As frequency increases in ultrasonic testing, the angle of beam divergence of a given diameter
crystal:
A. Decreases
B. Remains unchanged
C. Increases
D. Varies uniformly though each wavelength
We have an expert-written solution to this problem!
As the radius of curvature of a curved lens is increased, the focal length of the lens:
A. Increases
B. Decreases
C. Remains the same
D. Cannot be determined unless the frequency is known
When examining materials for planar flaws oriented parallel to the part surface, what testing
method is most often used?
A. Angle beam
B. Though-transmission
