The Echo Man 2025 CCI
PLAX parasternal long axis
What view is best to diagnose a persistent left superior vena cava ?
pulses created by transducer travel through tissue, reflections arising from boundaries return to
transducer and produce an image.
what is ultrasound ?
- is a mechanical longitudinal waveform- travels in a Straight line
what is sound ?
beginning and ending of one wavelength
what is a cycle ?
medium
sound waves must be transmitted through a ?
period ,power,propagation speed, wavelength,ampltude,intensity,frequency.
what are the 7 parameters that describe a sound wave ?
period
the time from the beginning (start) of one cycle to the beginning(start) of another.
period
- is determined by the SOUND SOURCE and not effected by the MEDIUM.
never
when can period be changed by the sonographer ?
,Frequency
cycles per second : measure in hertz ; hz
ultrasound
20,000 Hz or above (20k)
SOUND SOURCE ONLY; Frequency cannot be changed by the sonographer
frequency is determined by the ?
ultrasound
is 20,000 Hz or above (20k)?
sonographer
frequency is determined by the sound source ONLY. frequency cannot be changed by the ?
inversely related
what is the relationship between period and frequency?
Infrasound
less than 20 Hz
audible sound
20Hz-20KHz
ultrasound
greater than 20 kHz
20-30MHz
the standard transducer frequencies. : intravascular ultrasound
7.5-10MHz
the standard transducer frequencies. vascular (epicardial) ultrasound
,5-10MHz
the standard transducer frequencies. Paediatric echocardiography
5-7MHz
the standard transducer frequencies. transesophageal
2.5-3.5MHz
the standard transducer frequencies. adult echocardiography
2-15 MHz
what are they typical frequency of ultrasound?
amplitude, power, intensity
what are the 3 parameters that describe the size or strength of a sound wave ?
body
amplitude decreases as it propagates through the ?
propagates through the body and directly related to amplitude.
power decreases as it ?
power(watts)
--------------
beam area (cm2)
intensity (watts/cm2)=
propagation speed
----------------------
frequency (MHz)
Defined as the cycle length or distance. wavelength(mm)=
Wavelength (mm)= 1.54mm? usec
---------------
F(MHz)
to calculate the wavelength of a given transducer
, Wavelengths
high frequency waves have shorter ?
wavelengths
lower frequency waves have longer ?
propagation speed
speed or velocity of speed of which sound moves through a medium. the speed is determined
by density and stiffness of the medium.
1.54 m/sec or 1.54usec
what is the average speed of sound in soft tissues ?
330m/sec
what is the speed of sound in air ?
3500m/sec
what is the speed of sound in bone.?
speed
density is inversely related to ?
decreases
as density increases, speed ?
speed
stiffness is directly related to ?
increases
as stiffness increases,speed ?
stiffness
PLAX parasternal long axis
What view is best to diagnose a persistent left superior vena cava ?
pulses created by transducer travel through tissue, reflections arising from boundaries return to
transducer and produce an image.
what is ultrasound ?
- is a mechanical longitudinal waveform- travels in a Straight line
what is sound ?
beginning and ending of one wavelength
what is a cycle ?
medium
sound waves must be transmitted through a ?
period ,power,propagation speed, wavelength,ampltude,intensity,frequency.
what are the 7 parameters that describe a sound wave ?
period
the time from the beginning (start) of one cycle to the beginning(start) of another.
period
- is determined by the SOUND SOURCE and not effected by the MEDIUM.
never
when can period be changed by the sonographer ?
,Frequency
cycles per second : measure in hertz ; hz
ultrasound
20,000 Hz or above (20k)
SOUND SOURCE ONLY; Frequency cannot be changed by the sonographer
frequency is determined by the ?
ultrasound
is 20,000 Hz or above (20k)?
sonographer
frequency is determined by the sound source ONLY. frequency cannot be changed by the ?
inversely related
what is the relationship between period and frequency?
Infrasound
less than 20 Hz
audible sound
20Hz-20KHz
ultrasound
greater than 20 kHz
20-30MHz
the standard transducer frequencies. : intravascular ultrasound
7.5-10MHz
the standard transducer frequencies. vascular (epicardial) ultrasound
,5-10MHz
the standard transducer frequencies. Paediatric echocardiography
5-7MHz
the standard transducer frequencies. transesophageal
2.5-3.5MHz
the standard transducer frequencies. adult echocardiography
2-15 MHz
what are they typical frequency of ultrasound?
amplitude, power, intensity
what are the 3 parameters that describe the size or strength of a sound wave ?
body
amplitude decreases as it propagates through the ?
propagates through the body and directly related to amplitude.
power decreases as it ?
power(watts)
--------------
beam area (cm2)
intensity (watts/cm2)=
propagation speed
----------------------
frequency (MHz)
Defined as the cycle length or distance. wavelength(mm)=
Wavelength (mm)= 1.54mm? usec
---------------
F(MHz)
to calculate the wavelength of a given transducer
, Wavelengths
high frequency waves have shorter ?
wavelengths
lower frequency waves have longer ?
propagation speed
speed or velocity of speed of which sound moves through a medium. the speed is determined
by density and stiffness of the medium.
1.54 m/sec or 1.54usec
what is the average speed of sound in soft tissues ?
330m/sec
what is the speed of sound in air ?
3500m/sec
what is the speed of sound in bone.?
speed
density is inversely related to ?
decreases
as density increases, speed ?
speed
stiffness is directly related to ?
increases
as stiffness increases,speed ?
stiffness
