CCI ECHO BOARD REVIEW EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTION
AR WAVE FORM
aortic regurg
AS WAVE FORM
aortic stenosis
MS WAVE FORM
mitral stenosis?
MR WAVE FORM
Mitral Regurg
TR WAVE FORM
Tricupsid regurg
TS WAVE FORM
Tricupsid Stenosis
PS WAVE FORM
Pulmonary stenosis
PR WAVE FORM
Pulmonary Regurg
Which valve separates the greatest pressure difference?
Mitral valve
Which wall is closest to LV side of A4c #9
Anteriolateral
Which wall is closest to LV side of A2c #4
Anterior wall
Which artifact is this?
Reverberation
Which artifact is this?
comet tail
Which artifact is this?
side lobe
Which part of the TDI is the green dot
s'
which part of the TDI is the red arrow?
e'
which part of the TDI is the green arrow?
a'
Which aortic leaflet is the superior one in the parasternal long axis view?
Right leaflet
The coronary arteries come off of the
Sinuses of Valsalva
When does the coronary arteries fill?
Early diastole
, To visualize the coronary sinus in the apical 4 chamber view, you should tilt the
transducer?
posterior
What is the purpose of global longitudinal strain?
quantify the change in shape or deformation of cardiac tissues (shortening and
thickening)
What are the vessels that branch off of the aortic arch, most proximal and distal?
Innominate branch (proximal), left carotid (mid) and left subclavian (distal
What cardiac pathology is associated with bicuspid aortic valves?
Coartation of aorta
Where do most aortic coarctations occur?
Aortic isthmus
On QRS complex Isovolumic contraction occurs when?
After R wave
On the QRS complex Isovolumic relaxation occurs when?
After T wave
The majority of ventricular filling occurs during?
First third of diastole
How would you determine if a patient has constrictive VS restrictive disease?
MV inflow with respiration variation
In constrictive pericarditis does the E wave increase or decrease with
inspiration?
Decrease
The term akinesis refers to?
The absence of movement
The term dyskinesis refers to?
Abnormal movement
The term hypokenesis refers to?
Decreased left ventricular range of motion
What is used to increase hr in stress
Atropine
what happens with rapid accumulation of fluid in pericardial sac?
Tamponade
What cardiac pathology is associated with bicuspid aortic valves?
Coarctation of the aorta
Which window do you use to look for the secondary finding in bicuspid valves?
Suprasternal arch; suprasternal notch
Where do most aortic coarctations occur?
aortic isthmus
Which papillary muscle is shown near yellow box?
Posterior medial
Which papillary muscle is shown near green box?
Anteriolateral
What window is best for 3D live assessment of aortic valve?
Parasternal
COMPLETE SOLUTION
AR WAVE FORM
aortic regurg
AS WAVE FORM
aortic stenosis
MS WAVE FORM
mitral stenosis?
MR WAVE FORM
Mitral Regurg
TR WAVE FORM
Tricupsid regurg
TS WAVE FORM
Tricupsid Stenosis
PS WAVE FORM
Pulmonary stenosis
PR WAVE FORM
Pulmonary Regurg
Which valve separates the greatest pressure difference?
Mitral valve
Which wall is closest to LV side of A4c #9
Anteriolateral
Which wall is closest to LV side of A2c #4
Anterior wall
Which artifact is this?
Reverberation
Which artifact is this?
comet tail
Which artifact is this?
side lobe
Which part of the TDI is the green dot
s'
which part of the TDI is the red arrow?
e'
which part of the TDI is the green arrow?
a'
Which aortic leaflet is the superior one in the parasternal long axis view?
Right leaflet
The coronary arteries come off of the
Sinuses of Valsalva
When does the coronary arteries fill?
Early diastole
, To visualize the coronary sinus in the apical 4 chamber view, you should tilt the
transducer?
posterior
What is the purpose of global longitudinal strain?
quantify the change in shape or deformation of cardiac tissues (shortening and
thickening)
What are the vessels that branch off of the aortic arch, most proximal and distal?
Innominate branch (proximal), left carotid (mid) and left subclavian (distal
What cardiac pathology is associated with bicuspid aortic valves?
Coartation of aorta
Where do most aortic coarctations occur?
Aortic isthmus
On QRS complex Isovolumic contraction occurs when?
After R wave
On the QRS complex Isovolumic relaxation occurs when?
After T wave
The majority of ventricular filling occurs during?
First third of diastole
How would you determine if a patient has constrictive VS restrictive disease?
MV inflow with respiration variation
In constrictive pericarditis does the E wave increase or decrease with
inspiration?
Decrease
The term akinesis refers to?
The absence of movement
The term dyskinesis refers to?
Abnormal movement
The term hypokenesis refers to?
Decreased left ventricular range of motion
What is used to increase hr in stress
Atropine
what happens with rapid accumulation of fluid in pericardial sac?
Tamponade
What cardiac pathology is associated with bicuspid aortic valves?
Coarctation of the aorta
Which window do you use to look for the secondary finding in bicuspid valves?
Suprasternal arch; suprasternal notch
Where do most aortic coarctations occur?
aortic isthmus
Which papillary muscle is shown near yellow box?
Posterior medial
Which papillary muscle is shown near green box?
Anteriolateral
What window is best for 3D live assessment of aortic valve?
Parasternal
