MCB 4403 test 2 (FSU) Questions well
answered already passed
What is PCR and how does it work? - correct answer ✔✔-Polymerase chain
reaction and produces virtually unlimited copies of a very small DNA sample
-has specific primers
-uses tax polymerase`
What are the four nitrogen bases? - correct answer ✔✔-Adenine, Thymine,
Guanine, Cytosine
-AT and GC
what is a homolog? - correct answer ✔✔A gene related to a second gene by
descent from a common ancestral sequence
What is an ortholog? - correct answer ✔✔-two genes in two different species that
serve the same function
-seen in different species but do the same thing
What is a paralog? - correct answer ✔✔-homolog genes within the same species
for different functions
-same gene but have different tasks within a cell
,what is a genome? - correct answer ✔✔-The entire set of genetic material in an
organism
-many bacterial genomes are circular
what is special about DNA? - correct answer ✔✔-antiparallel
-the bases always match up
what is the structure of RNA? - correct answer ✔✔-single stranded
-ribose
-uracil and no thymine
what enzyme regulates supercoiling in DNA? - correct answer ✔✔-topoisomerase
-there is negative and positive supercoiling
who discovered DNA structure? - correct answer ✔✔James Watson and Francis
Crick
how does dna replicate? - correct answer ✔✔-DNA molecule unwinds and each
strand is a template for complementary base pairing;
-DNA replication is semiconservative
Who figured out that dna was semiconservative? - correct answer ✔✔-Meselson
and Stahl
-Nitrogen Isotope experiment
, how does replication work in bacteria? - correct answer ✔✔-replication starts at
the OriC replication site
-replication ensues on the leading and lagging strands until it hits the ter site.
what is needed for Polymerase to continue? - correct answer ✔✔- 3' OH on the
strand needing replication
-proceeds in 5' to 3' direction
What is an Okazaki fragment? - correct answer ✔✔Okazaki fragments are short
molecules of single-stranded DNA that are formed on the lagging strand during
DNA replication.
What are plasmids? - correct answer ✔✔-Small, extra-chromosomal, circular DNA
molecules found in bacteria
-used to replicate things fairly quickly
-ex: used to make insulin
What is rolling circle replication? - correct answer ✔✔-Starts at a single origin on a
plasmid and moves in only one direction until the entire genome is replicated
what is special about plasmid genes? - correct answer ✔✔-they are advantageous
under certain conditions
-they can be antibiotic resistant
-can use proteins for rare food sources
answered already passed
What is PCR and how does it work? - correct answer ✔✔-Polymerase chain
reaction and produces virtually unlimited copies of a very small DNA sample
-has specific primers
-uses tax polymerase`
What are the four nitrogen bases? - correct answer ✔✔-Adenine, Thymine,
Guanine, Cytosine
-AT and GC
what is a homolog? - correct answer ✔✔A gene related to a second gene by
descent from a common ancestral sequence
What is an ortholog? - correct answer ✔✔-two genes in two different species that
serve the same function
-seen in different species but do the same thing
What is a paralog? - correct answer ✔✔-homolog genes within the same species
for different functions
-same gene but have different tasks within a cell
,what is a genome? - correct answer ✔✔-The entire set of genetic material in an
organism
-many bacterial genomes are circular
what is special about DNA? - correct answer ✔✔-antiparallel
-the bases always match up
what is the structure of RNA? - correct answer ✔✔-single stranded
-ribose
-uracil and no thymine
what enzyme regulates supercoiling in DNA? - correct answer ✔✔-topoisomerase
-there is negative and positive supercoiling
who discovered DNA structure? - correct answer ✔✔James Watson and Francis
Crick
how does dna replicate? - correct answer ✔✔-DNA molecule unwinds and each
strand is a template for complementary base pairing;
-DNA replication is semiconservative
Who figured out that dna was semiconservative? - correct answer ✔✔-Meselson
and Stahl
-Nitrogen Isotope experiment
, how does replication work in bacteria? - correct answer ✔✔-replication starts at
the OriC replication site
-replication ensues on the leading and lagging strands until it hits the ter site.
what is needed for Polymerase to continue? - correct answer ✔✔- 3' OH on the
strand needing replication
-proceeds in 5' to 3' direction
What is an Okazaki fragment? - correct answer ✔✔Okazaki fragments are short
molecules of single-stranded DNA that are formed on the lagging strand during
DNA replication.
What are plasmids? - correct answer ✔✔-Small, extra-chromosomal, circular DNA
molecules found in bacteria
-used to replicate things fairly quickly
-ex: used to make insulin
What is rolling circle replication? - correct answer ✔✔-Starts at a single origin on a
plasmid and moves in only one direction until the entire genome is replicated
what is special about plasmid genes? - correct answer ✔✔-they are advantageous
under certain conditions
-they can be antibiotic resistant
-can use proteins for rare food sources
