DAVITA PCT FINAL EXAM 2023/2024 UPDATED QUESTIONS WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS

DAVITA PCT FINAL EXAM 2023/2024 UPDATED QUESTIONS WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS "A patient with acute kidney injury dialyzes in the out-patient facility. With regards to the patients target weight, why is being "wet" better that being too dry? - CORRECT ANSWER " "The excretory function of the kidneys include - CORRECT ANSWER remove access water, urea, and metabolic wastes from the blood." "Acid concentrate replaces the excretory function of normal kidney function by - CORRECT ANSWER Hemodialysis removes urea, salts, and excess water from the blood normalizing electrolytes, removes metabolic acidosis," "If your facility dialyzes Hepatitis B positive patients, which assignment would NOT be appropriate patient care assignment. - CORRECT ANSWER caring for HBsAG positive and hepatitis B susceptible patients at the same time" "The patient is using a central venous catheter for dialysis and has a new arteriovenous fistula (AVF) present in his lower arm, What observation/assessment should the PCT perform the AVF? - CORRECT ANSWER checking for the bruitand thrill every time treatment day" "all documentation on machine set up and pre treatment patient information - CORRECT ANSWER Must be entered into the computer before the treatment is initiated" "the neuprologist has ordered the use of hemostatic sponges, sureseal, for your patient. what is the correct procedure when using these sponges ? - CORRECT ANSWER Remove the hemostatic sponge after hemostasis has been achieved and dress the needle site with sterile gauge or band-aid." "the sign that numbing has taken affect and it is time to stop spraying topical anastetic on the vascular access canulation sites is when - CORRECT ANSWER Blanching of skin" "When the lab receives a laboratory test tube with double labeling: - CORRECT ANSWER The double labed specimen will be rejected at the laboratory for pt safety" "which statement is true regarding the administration of normal saline - CORRECT ANSWER the teammate must remain with the patient to monitor their progress until administration is complete and lines are securely clamp." "Cynthia missed her treatment on Saturday and returns the following Tuesday for her next scheduled treatment. She complains of feeling weakness in her legs. David, a PCT, gets a wheelchair for her, helps her weigh in, and brings her back for the nurse to assess prior to starting her treatment. Which patient complication would the PCT and RN suspect Cynthia is most likely suffering from? - CORRECT ANSWER Hyperkalymia" "The dialysis team prevents additional blood loss by - CORRECT ANSWER providing appropiate heparin dose per physician order using good cannulation and proper rinseback after tx." "Your immediate intervention for a patient experiencing an anaphylactic reaction is - CORRECT "what problems will cause a more positive (less negative) pre-pump arterial pressure. - CORRECT ANSWER blockage of arterial blood flow from the vascular access." "what is the most likely reason for a blood leak detector alarm during recirculation - CORRECT ANSWER -air bubbles in the dialysate, dirty sensor -check dialysate connections, bleach machine" "what will cause a more negative pre-pump arterial pressure? - CORRECT ANSWER Kinking of the arterial blood line between the vascular access and arterial monitor" "if clotting occurs in a high flux dialyzer, the transmembrane pressure (TMP) will - CORRECT ANSWER decrease" "the person responsible for implementation, adherence, and training of the facility specific emergency management plan (EMP) and applicable policy and procedures is - CORRECT ANSWER Fa or designee" "what is an important action prior to returning a patients blood using the hand crank in the event of a power failure ? - CORRECT ANSWER remove the venous line for the line clamp" "Per physician order and based on individual patient needs, Chronic Kidney Disease Mineral and Bone Disorder (MBD) is treated with - CORRECT ANSWER phosphate binders, Vit D (Hectorol), and Cinacalcet" "Poor wound healing is directly related to - CORRECT ANSWER low protein intake" "Phosphate binders are prescribed to prevent phosphorus in meals from being absorbed. When is the best time to take them ? - CORRECT ANSWER with meal" "The definition of Health Literacy is - CORRECT ANSWER ability to obtain, read, understand, and use healthcare information in order to make appropriate health decisions and follow instructions for treatment" "If you notice that a patient's caretaker is struggling to meet the demands of the patients treatment regime you should - CORRECT ANSWER contact social worker" "DaVita Quality Index (DQI) success is achieved - CORRECT ANSWER encourage continuous improvement across aboard range of disease management processes (all of the above )" "What can be the most likely result if the surveyor sees a patient with a covered vascular access - CORRECT ANSWER immediate jeopardy" "A surveyor asks you a question. Which of the following statements would be a good answer ? - CORRECT ANSWER I do not know the answer but I will find out." "Dialysis replaces only ___ percent of normal kidney function. - CORRECT ANSWER 15%" "The most common infectious complication for hemodialysis patients is - CORRECT ANSWER centenal line infections" "What is one method surveyors used to verify infection control training and education ? - CORRECT ANSWER patient interview" "Which infectious disease requires frequent handwashing instead of using alcohol based hand gels? - CORRECT ANSWER Active Clostridioides difficile infection C.diff" "Per the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), which is the most important route by which pathogens are transmitted in health care setting including dialysis centers. - CORRECT ANSWER contact transmission" "Per The centers for disease control prevention, which is the most common factor contributing to bacterial infections in dialysis patients? - CORRECT ANSWER the use of catheters for hemodialysis" "what type of blood/dialysate flow within the dialyzer increases the rate of diffusion providing optimal dialysis for patients ? - CORRECT ANSWER concurrent flow" "When is a pre-treatment assessment by the licensed nurse required? - CORRECT ANSWER ⁃ when it is mandated by state. ⁃ when the pct performing a data collection notices abnormal findings ⁃ when the patient reports unusual symptoms to the nurse prior to treatment initiation. ⁃ when nurse observes initial behavior" "a PCT greets a patient and the patient reports feeling short of breath. The PCT notices that the patients lips have a blue hue. The PCT would: - CORRECT ANSWER Complete data collection and PCT must notify the RN if there are any abnormal findings prior to initiation of tx" "In those states that do not require a nursing assessment to be completed prior to treatment initiation, the PCT would be required to report abnormal patient data collection findings. - CORRECT ANSWER yes" "Can you document patient vital signs under another teammate already signed into the computer? - CORRECT ANSWER no" "A standing post- treatment blood pressure reading of __is considered an abnormal finding and should be reported to a licensed nurse - CORRECT ANSWER " "what are the three things you should not include in a Risk Event Management (REM) report - CORRECT ANSWER personal opinions" "documentation in the medical record - CORRECT ANSWER Is a permanent legal record of the care provided" "post treatment data collection and assessment is performed - CORRECT ANSWER After the tx was terminated" "the pct notes that a patient still has considerable in edma in her legs when performing the post treatment data collection, in addition to informing the nurse, what should the pct document? - CORRECT ANSWER Document the swelling and that RN was informed." "the maximum ultrafiltration rate should not exceed ___ because it may lead to hypotensive episodes which increase the risk of organ stunning or mortality. - CORRECT ANSWER An UFR >13 ml/hr/Kg" "what amount of fluid weight is considered excessive - CORRECT ANSWER 5% of target weight is considered excessive" "The patients target weight is - CORRECT ANSWER Both a and B prescribed and determined by physicians order" "what are the three steps included in the vascular access assessment - CORRECT ANSWER look, listen and feel" "Scrubbing of each hub as part of CVC care is done for: - CORRECT ANSWER 15 seconds" "the nephrologist has prescribed a 400 bfr for your patient. you would expect the physician order to also include - CORRECT ANSWER 15 gauge needle for the prescribed BFR" "You listen to your patient's AV graft and hear a whistling sound a. This could be inactive of an inflow stenosis b. This could be indicative of an outflow stenosis c. This could be indicative of advanced access thrombosis d. This is a normal sounding bruit - CORRECT ANSWER b" "to prevent the formation of aneurisms and pseudo aneurysms the following should be practiced - CORRECT ANSWER Good needlesites rotation and complete needle site clotting techniques" "flipping the artireal vascular access needle - CORRECT ANSWER s not necessary since all arterial needles now have a back eye" "when a patient is prescribed topical anastatic spray, the appropriate time to clean the canulation site is - CORRECT ANSWER is prior to applying spray" "the nephrologist orders a blood flow rate of 450 ml/min for a patient with established AV fistula. what needle gage would be appropriate for this BFR - CORRECT ANSWER 15" "the urea reduction ratio calculates - CORRECT ANSWER The amount of urea removed during the dialysis treatment" "which of the following factors would influence the; t of the kt/v formula - CORRECT ANSWER Shortened treatment time" "which of the following factors would decrease the; k of the kt/v formula - CORRECT ANSWER Inadequate anticoagulation" "the blood flow rate is reduced to 100 ml-min for ___________ before obtaining post dialysis blood specimen for kt/v - CORRECT ANSWER 15 seconds" "what steps are performed during the recirculation of blood in the extracorporeal circuit when there has been a treatment interruption (restroom?) - CORRECT ANSWER return patients blood and recirculate the extracorporeal circuit with normal saline" "intredialytic treatment monitoring the data collection is performed every - CORRECT ANSWER 30 minutes" "The waiting time after administration of the initial heparin loading dose prior to initiation of hemodialysis is - CORRECT ANSWER 3-5 minutes" "Prior to use, how should the medication preparation surface area be disinfected ? - CORRECT ANSWER with 1:100 bleach solution and disposible wipes" "what must be completed prior to medication preparation ? - CORRECT ANSWER All of the above" "water treatment is needed in the dialysis setting to - CORRECT ANSWER Meet renal networks standards" "what is the acceptable mg/L or parts per million (ppm) limit for total chlorine in the water leaving the carbon filter - CORRECT ANSWER less than or equal to 0.1" "which is the primary device for purifying the water used in dialysis - CORRECT ANSWER reverse osmosis" "what complication would you expect to see if a patient is exposed to chlorine/chloramines - CORRECT ANSWER Hemodialysis" "what time do you perform water harness testing? - CORRECT ANSWER at the end of each treatment day" "left ventricular hypertrophy leads to - CORRECT ANSWER Hypertension" "fever caused by a pyrogenic reaction will most likely occur at what time during the treatment - CORRECT ANSWER Within 45 to 75 minutes" "Per DaVita Policy, fever and chills is defined as: - CORRECT ANSWER any temperature greater than 100 or increase over baseline of 2° with symptoms" "a recommended intervention for muscle cramps is - CORRECT ANSWER Turning the UFR off" "which of the following may be, but doesn't have to be a sign of hemolysis - CORRECT ANSWER Cherry red colored blood in the venous line" "in the event of a patient experiencing a seizure, the dialysis treatment should be - CORRECT ANSWER Discontinued if the seizure is severe or the patient does not respond to treatment" "the patient position used for a suspected air embolism is - CORRECT ANSWER Trendelenburg, on the left side" ANSWER Stop the blood pump, discontinue tx, and do not return blood" "interventions for a patient complaining of chest pain include - CORRECT ANSWER Placed patient in a flat supine position place machine into bypass" “Water and dialysate cultures are drawn every month in the dialysis unit to monitor - CORRECT ANSWER bacteria and endotoxins" "what is an appropriate interventions with an air/foam detector alarm? - CORRECT ANSWER look at circuit for blood in the system. DO NOT return blood with air in the system." "what could be the reasons for a conductivity alarm on the dialysis machine - CORRECT ANSWER when the dialysate is mixed incorrectly or there is no water acid or bicarb." "Teammates MUST be able to readily identify patients who may require additional assistance in the event of an emergency evacuation. This will include patients who need help with or are unable to - CORRECT ANSWER both b and c" "The Psychosocial Assessment completed by the social worker - CORRECT ANSWER an evaluation of a person's mental health, social status, and functional capacity within the communityCompeted initially and annually" "The Clinical Pyramid includes : - CORRECT ANSWER • The Fundamentals: Immunizations, Iron, Dialysis Access, Calcium, Phosphorus, Hb, Kt/V, Target Weight, Access,PTH, etc.• Complex Programs: Fluid Management, Infection Management, Diabetes Management, Med Management, CVCManagement, Palliative / EOL Care, Infection Surveillance, Transition of Care, CKDEducation, Depression, Missed Treatments, etc.• Measures of Effectiveness • Mortality, Hospitalization /Re-hospitalization, Patient Experience of Care• What Matters Most • Our patient's health-related Quality of Life" "Intra-renal causes of AKI - CORRECT ANSWER Ischemic ATN, Sepsis, SIRS, Septic Shock, Anaphylaxis Drugs, Goodpasture Syndrome, Acute Glomerulonephritis, Trauma, Open Heart Surgery" "Knowing what caused your patients kidney failure - CORRECT ANSWER can cause complications to treatment" "Ultrafiltration is defined as - CORRECT ANSWER controlled fluid removed by manipulation of hydrostatic pressure" "The endocrine functions of the kidneys are - CORRECT ANSWER Renin and erythropoietin secretion ,activation of vitamin D" "V-tags cite deficiencies, provide interpretive guidance, and provide a condition that must be met for each regulation. How can knowledge of V-tags affect the practice of patient care providers? - CORRECT ANSWER all of the above" "Why is meticulous hand hygiene so important in healthcare? - CORRECT ANSWER its the single most important intervention in preventing HAI's" "upon completing machine set up and before treatment initiation it is important to verify the prescription and machine settings: - CORRECT ANSWER both b and c" "What should be done to the heparin infusion line if a patient does not have maintenance (hourly)heparin prescribed? - CORRECT ANSWER Clamp and knot the heparin line." "For patients with Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)which statement is correct? - CORRECT ANSWER A nursing assesment prior to tx initiation is always required" "How do you verify that the patient is stable and safe for discharge after the dialysis treatment ? - CORRECT ANSWER Evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment by comparing data to pre-dialysis findings PCT's notify the nurse if there are any unusual findings" "which statement is true regarding the "Reasonable and Prudent" Standard of care - CORRECT ANSWER When supervising pt care technicians an other non-licensed personnel, it is the resposibility of the licensed nurse to ensure these teammates" "Performing a procedure "your way" rather than following DaVita's P&Ps a. Carriers no risk of being considered outside the Ordinary Standard of Care as long as "your way" achieves the same results b. Can lead to civil liability in the event of an adverse patient outcome c. May be defended in court by demonstrating that your way is as good as DaVita's P&Ps d. Is accepted practice since there is no one right way to performing most procedures - CORRECT ANSWER b"