ICM week 2 Exam Questions with Correct Answers Latest Update 2025
Diabetes may cause - Answers Diabetic retinopathy
Diabetic Nephropathy
Diabetic Neuropathy
Atherosclerosis, hypertension, cardio can cerebrovascular disease
Diabetic hyperglycemia results from either - Answers insulin secretion
insulin action
both
4 classes of diabetes - Answers type 1, type 2, gestational, other
Additional related conditions/ terms diabetes - Answers Pre-diabetes
Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT)
Impaired fasting glucose (IFG)
Metabolic syndrome
Type 1 diabetes was formerly called - Answers juvenile onset
insulin-dependent DM
type 1 DM
Type 1 is called by an insulin secretion deficiency - Answers
Patients generally present with for type 1 - Answers acute symptoms/ elevated BG levels
Type 2 diabetes was formerly called - Answers type 2 DM
adult onset diabetes
non-insulin dependent DM
type 2 diabetes - Answers Insulin resistance (with or without insulin secretory defect)
Patients generally present with ___ for type 2 - Answers often not diagnosed until complications
gestational diabetes is - Answers women who become diabetic due to pregnancy
hormones block insulin
, insulin resistance
generally presents 24 to 28 week of pregnancy
increased risk of type 2 later
usually resolves post delivery
Metabolic syndrome signs - Answers Diabetes or pre diabetes
Abdominal obesity
Dyslipidemia
High BP
Metabolic syndrome clinical markers - Answers Raised triglycerides over 150mg/dL
Reduced HDL cholesterol less than 40mg/dL in males and under 50 in females
Raised blood pressure HTN, 130 or 85
FBG over 100mg/dL
Insulin is secreted from - Answers beta cells of pancreas
insulin and ___ have opposite effects - Answers glucagon
Insulin if the major regular for fatty acid metabolism too: therefore high levels of insulin promote -
Answers triglyceride accumulation (after meals)
Insulin if the major regular for fatty acid metabolism too: therefore low levels of insulin promote -
Answers lipolysis and release of free fatty acids into circulation
What does the liver produce during lipolysis - Answers ketones
If ketone production too high like can be in type 1 causes ketoacidosis which is ___ and symptoms
include ___ - Answers life threatening
rapid breathing, flush cheeks, abdominal pain, sweet acetone smell, vomiting, dehydration
Pathophysiology of T1D - Answers autoimmune disease involving destruction of beta cells, associated
with thyroid disease and coeliac disease
T2 diagnosed when - Answers T1 and gestational ruled out
causes of t2 - Answers inflammatory markers secreted by visceral adipose tissue e.g. cytokines thus
systemic low grade inflammation
Diabetes may cause - Answers Diabetic retinopathy
Diabetic Nephropathy
Diabetic Neuropathy
Atherosclerosis, hypertension, cardio can cerebrovascular disease
Diabetic hyperglycemia results from either - Answers insulin secretion
insulin action
both
4 classes of diabetes - Answers type 1, type 2, gestational, other
Additional related conditions/ terms diabetes - Answers Pre-diabetes
Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT)
Impaired fasting glucose (IFG)
Metabolic syndrome
Type 1 diabetes was formerly called - Answers juvenile onset
insulin-dependent DM
type 1 DM
Type 1 is called by an insulin secretion deficiency - Answers
Patients generally present with for type 1 - Answers acute symptoms/ elevated BG levels
Type 2 diabetes was formerly called - Answers type 2 DM
adult onset diabetes
non-insulin dependent DM
type 2 diabetes - Answers Insulin resistance (with or without insulin secretory defect)
Patients generally present with ___ for type 2 - Answers often not diagnosed until complications
gestational diabetes is - Answers women who become diabetic due to pregnancy
hormones block insulin
, insulin resistance
generally presents 24 to 28 week of pregnancy
increased risk of type 2 later
usually resolves post delivery
Metabolic syndrome signs - Answers Diabetes or pre diabetes
Abdominal obesity
Dyslipidemia
High BP
Metabolic syndrome clinical markers - Answers Raised triglycerides over 150mg/dL
Reduced HDL cholesterol less than 40mg/dL in males and under 50 in females
Raised blood pressure HTN, 130 or 85
FBG over 100mg/dL
Insulin is secreted from - Answers beta cells of pancreas
insulin and ___ have opposite effects - Answers glucagon
Insulin if the major regular for fatty acid metabolism too: therefore high levels of insulin promote -
Answers triglyceride accumulation (after meals)
Insulin if the major regular for fatty acid metabolism too: therefore low levels of insulin promote -
Answers lipolysis and release of free fatty acids into circulation
What does the liver produce during lipolysis - Answers ketones
If ketone production too high like can be in type 1 causes ketoacidosis which is ___ and symptoms
include ___ - Answers life threatening
rapid breathing, flush cheeks, abdominal pain, sweet acetone smell, vomiting, dehydration
Pathophysiology of T1D - Answers autoimmune disease involving destruction of beta cells, associated
with thyroid disease and coeliac disease
T2 diagnosed when - Answers T1 and gestational ruled out
causes of t2 - Answers inflammatory markers secreted by visceral adipose tissue e.g. cytokines thus
systemic low grade inflammation
