89
Chapter 13: Respiratory System Disorders
Test Bank
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. What happens in the lungs when the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles relax?
a. Air is forced out of the lungs.
b. Lung volume increases.
c. Intrapulmonic pressure decreases.
d. Intrapleural pressure decreases.
ANS: A REF: 275
2. The respiratory mucosa is continuous through the:
1. upper and lower respiratory tracts.
2. nasal cavities and the sinuses.
3. nasopharynx and oropharynx.
4. middle ear cavity and auditory tube.
a. 1 only
b. 1, 2
c. 2, 3
d. 1, 3, 4
e. 1, 2, 3, 4
ANS: E REF: 273-274
3. Which of the following activities N
doUeRsSN
INGTB.COM
OT require muscle contractions and energy?
a. Quiet inspiration
b. Forced inspiration
c. Quiet expiration
d. Forced expiration
ANS: C REF: 275
4. The maximum volume of air a person can exhale after a maximum inspiration is termed the:
a. expiratory reserve volume.
b. inspiratory reserve volume.
c. total lung capacity.
d. vital capacity.
ANS: D REF: 276-277
5. Which of the following applies to the blood in the pulmonary artery?
a. PCO2 is low.
b. PO2 is low.
c. Hydrostatic pressure is very high.
d. It is flowing into the left atrium.
ANS: B REF: 279
6. Which of the following causes bronchodilation?
, 90
a. Epinephrine
b. Histamine
c. Parasympathetic nervous system
d. Drugs that block 2-adrenergic receptors
ANS: A REF: 302
7. The central chemoreceptors in the medulla are normally most sensitive to:
a. low oxygen level.
b. low concentration of hydrogen ions.
c. elevated oxygen level.
d. elevated carbon dioxide level.
ANS: D REF: 277
8. Oxygen diffuses from the alveoli to the blood because:
a. PO2 is higher in the blood.
b. PO2 is lower in the blood.
c. CO2 is diffusing out of the blood.
d. more CO2 is diffusing out of cells into the blood.
ANS: B REF: 278
9. Carbon dioxide is primarily transported in the blood:
a. as dissolved gas.
b. attached to the iron molecule in hemoglobin.
c. as bicarbonate ion.
d. as carbonic acid.
ANS: C REF: 280
10. What would hypercapnia cause?
a. Increased serum pH
b. Decreased respirations
c. Respiratory acidosis
d. Decreased carbonic acid in the blood
ANS: C REF: 278
11. Which of the following would result from hyperventilation?
a. Respiratory acidosis
b. Respiratory alkalosis
c. Metabolic alkalosis
d. Metabolic acidosis
ANS: B REF: 278
12. Which of the following values is always decreased with respiratory alkalosis (compensated or
decompensated)?
a. Serum bicarbonate
b. PaCO2
c. Serum pH
, 91
d. Urine pH
ANS: B REF: 282-283
13. What would be the most effective compensation for respiratory acidosis?
a. The kidneys eliminating more bicarbonate ions
b. The kidneys producing more bicarbonate ions
c. The kidneys reabsorbing more hydrogen ions
d. An increase in respiratory rate
ANS: B REF: 279-280
14. What is the acid-base status of a patient with the following values for arterial blood gases?
serum bicarbonate 36.5 mmol/L (normal range: 22-28)
PCO2 75 mm Hg (normal range: 35-45)
serum pH 7.0
a. Compensated metabolic acidosis
b. Decompensated metabolic acidosis
c. Compensated respiratory acidosis
d. Decompensated respiratory acidosis
ANS: D REF: 320
15. What does carbaminohemoglobin refer to?
a. Replacement of oxygen by carbon monoxide on hemoglobin molecules
b. Full saturation of all heme molecules by oxygen
c. Carbon dioxide attached to an amino group on the hemoglobin molecule
d. Oxygen combined with iron inNtUhReShIN
em oBgl.CoO
GT biM
n molecule
ANS: C REF: 280
16. Approximately what percentage of bound oxygen is released to the cells for metabolism
during an erythrocyte’s journey through the circulatory system?
a. 80%
b. 25%
c. 10%
d. 50%
ANS: B REF: 279
17. The production of yellowish-green, cloudy, thick sputum is often an indication of:
a. bacterial infection.
b. cancer tumor.
c. damage of lung tissue due to smoking.
d. emphysema.
ANS: A REF: 281
18. What does the term hemoptysis refer to?
a. Thick, dark red sputum associated with pneumococcal infection
b. Reddish-brown granular blood found in vomitus
c. Bright red streaks of blood in frothy sputum
d. Bloody exudate in the pleural cavity
Chapter 13: Respiratory System Disorders
Test Bank
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. What happens in the lungs when the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles relax?
a. Air is forced out of the lungs.
b. Lung volume increases.
c. Intrapulmonic pressure decreases.
d. Intrapleural pressure decreases.
ANS: A REF: 275
2. The respiratory mucosa is continuous through the:
1. upper and lower respiratory tracts.
2. nasal cavities and the sinuses.
3. nasopharynx and oropharynx.
4. middle ear cavity and auditory tube.
a. 1 only
b. 1, 2
c. 2, 3
d. 1, 3, 4
e. 1, 2, 3, 4
ANS: E REF: 273-274
3. Which of the following activities N
doUeRsSN
INGTB.COM
OT require muscle contractions and energy?
a. Quiet inspiration
b. Forced inspiration
c. Quiet expiration
d. Forced expiration
ANS: C REF: 275
4. The maximum volume of air a person can exhale after a maximum inspiration is termed the:
a. expiratory reserve volume.
b. inspiratory reserve volume.
c. total lung capacity.
d. vital capacity.
ANS: D REF: 276-277
5. Which of the following applies to the blood in the pulmonary artery?
a. PCO2 is low.
b. PO2 is low.
c. Hydrostatic pressure is very high.
d. It is flowing into the left atrium.
ANS: B REF: 279
6. Which of the following causes bronchodilation?
, 90
a. Epinephrine
b. Histamine
c. Parasympathetic nervous system
d. Drugs that block 2-adrenergic receptors
ANS: A REF: 302
7. The central chemoreceptors in the medulla are normally most sensitive to:
a. low oxygen level.
b. low concentration of hydrogen ions.
c. elevated oxygen level.
d. elevated carbon dioxide level.
ANS: D REF: 277
8. Oxygen diffuses from the alveoli to the blood because:
a. PO2 is higher in the blood.
b. PO2 is lower in the blood.
c. CO2 is diffusing out of the blood.
d. more CO2 is diffusing out of cells into the blood.
ANS: B REF: 278
9. Carbon dioxide is primarily transported in the blood:
a. as dissolved gas.
b. attached to the iron molecule in hemoglobin.
c. as bicarbonate ion.
d. as carbonic acid.
ANS: C REF: 280
10. What would hypercapnia cause?
a. Increased serum pH
b. Decreased respirations
c. Respiratory acidosis
d. Decreased carbonic acid in the blood
ANS: C REF: 278
11. Which of the following would result from hyperventilation?
a. Respiratory acidosis
b. Respiratory alkalosis
c. Metabolic alkalosis
d. Metabolic acidosis
ANS: B REF: 278
12. Which of the following values is always decreased with respiratory alkalosis (compensated or
decompensated)?
a. Serum bicarbonate
b. PaCO2
c. Serum pH
, 91
d. Urine pH
ANS: B REF: 282-283
13. What would be the most effective compensation for respiratory acidosis?
a. The kidneys eliminating more bicarbonate ions
b. The kidneys producing more bicarbonate ions
c. The kidneys reabsorbing more hydrogen ions
d. An increase in respiratory rate
ANS: B REF: 279-280
14. What is the acid-base status of a patient with the following values for arterial blood gases?
serum bicarbonate 36.5 mmol/L (normal range: 22-28)
PCO2 75 mm Hg (normal range: 35-45)
serum pH 7.0
a. Compensated metabolic acidosis
b. Decompensated metabolic acidosis
c. Compensated respiratory acidosis
d. Decompensated respiratory acidosis
ANS: D REF: 320
15. What does carbaminohemoglobin refer to?
a. Replacement of oxygen by carbon monoxide on hemoglobin molecules
b. Full saturation of all heme molecules by oxygen
c. Carbon dioxide attached to an amino group on the hemoglobin molecule
d. Oxygen combined with iron inNtUhReShIN
em oBgl.CoO
GT biM
n molecule
ANS: C REF: 280
16. Approximately what percentage of bound oxygen is released to the cells for metabolism
during an erythrocyte’s journey through the circulatory system?
a. 80%
b. 25%
c. 10%
d. 50%
ANS: B REF: 279
17. The production of yellowish-green, cloudy, thick sputum is often an indication of:
a. bacterial infection.
b. cancer tumor.
c. damage of lung tissue due to smoking.
d. emphysema.
ANS: A REF: 281
18. What does the term hemoptysis refer to?
a. Thick, dark red sputum associated with pneumococcal infection
b. Reddish-brown granular blood found in vomitus
c. Bright red streaks of blood in frothy sputum
d. Bloody exudate in the pleural cavity
