Chapter 32: Fluid, Electrolytes, and
Acid-Base
1. Major control over the extracellular concentration of potassium within the
human body is exerted by insulin and
a. Aldosterone
b. Albumin
c. Progesterone
d. Testosterone
CORRECT ANSWER: A
Feedback:
Two hormones exert major control over the extracellul ar concentration
of potassium: insulin and aldosterone. Aldosterone enhances renal
secretion of potassium.
2. When atrial pressure is increased, then sodium
a. Decreases
b. Increases
c. Maintains the same
d. Is unchanged
CORRECT ANSWER: A
Feedback:
, When atrial pressure is increased, ANP released by the atrial and
ventricular m yocytes acts on the nephron to increase sodium excretion.
3. A decrease in arterial blood pressure will result in the release of
a. Protein
b. Thrombus
c. Renin
d. Insulin
CORRECT ANSWER: C
Feedback:
Decreased arterial blood pressure, decreased renal blood flow,
increased sympathetic nerve activit y, and/or low -salt diet can stimulate
renin release.
4. A patient with dehydration will have an increase in
a. Albumin
b. Potassium
c. Glucose
d. Aldosterone
CORRECT ANSWER: D
Feedback:
The renin-angiotensin aldosterone and natriuretic peptide hormone
s ystems regulate the volume within narrow limits by adjusting fluid
intake and the urinary excretion of sodium, chloride, and water.
, 5. Which patient has more extracellular fluid?
a. Adult woman
b. Adolescent man
c. Female school-age child
d. Newborn
CORRECT ANSWER: D
Feedback:
Newborns have more extracellular fluid than intracellular fluid.
6. Which patient will have more adipose tissue and less fluid?
a. A woman
b. A man
c. An infant
d. A child
CORRECT ANSWER: A
Feedback:
Women have a lower fluid content because they have more adipose
tissue than men.
7. The primary extracellular electrol ytes are
a. Potassium, phosphate, and sulfate
b. Magnesium, sulfate, and carbon
c. Sodium, chloride, and bicarbonate
d. Phosphorous, calcium, and phosphate
Acid-Base
1. Major control over the extracellular concentration of potassium within the
human body is exerted by insulin and
a. Aldosterone
b. Albumin
c. Progesterone
d. Testosterone
CORRECT ANSWER: A
Feedback:
Two hormones exert major control over the extracellul ar concentration
of potassium: insulin and aldosterone. Aldosterone enhances renal
secretion of potassium.
2. When atrial pressure is increased, then sodium
a. Decreases
b. Increases
c. Maintains the same
d. Is unchanged
CORRECT ANSWER: A
Feedback:
, When atrial pressure is increased, ANP released by the atrial and
ventricular m yocytes acts on the nephron to increase sodium excretion.
3. A decrease in arterial blood pressure will result in the release of
a. Protein
b. Thrombus
c. Renin
d. Insulin
CORRECT ANSWER: C
Feedback:
Decreased arterial blood pressure, decreased renal blood flow,
increased sympathetic nerve activit y, and/or low -salt diet can stimulate
renin release.
4. A patient with dehydration will have an increase in
a. Albumin
b. Potassium
c. Glucose
d. Aldosterone
CORRECT ANSWER: D
Feedback:
The renin-angiotensin aldosterone and natriuretic peptide hormone
s ystems regulate the volume within narrow limits by adjusting fluid
intake and the urinary excretion of sodium, chloride, and water.
, 5. Which patient has more extracellular fluid?
a. Adult woman
b. Adolescent man
c. Female school-age child
d. Newborn
CORRECT ANSWER: D
Feedback:
Newborns have more extracellular fluid than intracellular fluid.
6. Which patient will have more adipose tissue and less fluid?
a. A woman
b. A man
c. An infant
d. A child
CORRECT ANSWER: A
Feedback:
Women have a lower fluid content because they have more adipose
tissue than men.
7. The primary extracellular electrol ytes are
a. Potassium, phosphate, and sulfate
b. Magnesium, sulfate, and carbon
c. Sodium, chloride, and bicarbonate
d. Phosphorous, calcium, and phosphate
