Topografie
1
,Inhoud
1. Inleiding ...........................................................................................................................4
1.1 Taken van een landmeter ..........................................................................................4
1.2 Referentiestelsels en coördinatenstelsels .................................................................5
2. Materialiseren van punten ................................................................................................5
3. Jalons ..............................................................................................................................6
4. Waterpastoestel ..................................................................................................................8
4.1 Anatomie waterpastoestel ..............................................................................................8
4.2 Types waterpastoestellen ...............................................................................................8
4.3 Bijhorende attributen ......................................................................................................9
4.4 Meting............................................................................................................................9
4.5 Toepassingen waterpastoestel ........................................................................................9
4.6 Doorgaande waterpassing ............................................................................................ 10
4.6.1 wat ........................................................................................................................ 10
4.6.2 Formule ............................................................................................................. 10
5. Theodoliet ......................................................................................................................... 10
5.1 Wat .............................................................................................................................. 10
5.2 Assen van theodoliet .................................................................................................... 10
5.3 Trigonometrische hoogtemeting .................................................................................... 10
6. Totaalstation...................................................................................................................... 11
6.1 Wat? ............................................................................................................................ 11
6.2 Meetmethodes ............................................................................................................. 11
6.2.1 Direct meten .......................................................................................................... 11
6.2.2 Indirect meten ....................................................................................................... 11
6.2.3 Gecodeerd meten .................................................................................................. 11
6.3 Voordelen totaalstation ................................................................................................ 12
6.4 Volumebepaling ........................................................................................................... 12
6.4.1 Methoden .............................................................................................................. 12
6.4.2 Volumebepaling met gridmethode .......................................................................... 12
7. GNSS systemen ................................................................................................................. 12
7.1 wat?............................................................................................................................. 12
7.2 Segmenten .................................................................................................................. 12
7.3 Werkingsprincipe ......................................................................................................... 13
7.4 Voor- en nadelen .......................................................................................................... 13
9. Machinesturing .................................................................................................................. 13
10. Ground penetrating radar ................................................................................................. 14
2
, 10.1 Wat? .......................................................................................................................... 14
10.2 Topografische correctie .............................................................................................. 14
10.3 Toepassingsgebied ..................................................................................................... 14
11. Laserscanning ................................................................................................................. 15
11.1 Wat? .......................................................................................................................... 15
12. Fotogrammetrie ............................................................................................................... 16
12.1 Basisprincipe ............................................................................................................. 16
12.2 Soorten fotogrammetrie.............................................................................................. 16
12.2.1 Luchtfotogrammetrie ........................................................................................... 16
12.2.2 Terrestrische fotogrammetrie................................................................................ 16
12.3 Problemen van luchtfotogrammetrie ........................................................................... 17
12.4 Verwerkingssoftware .................................................................................................. 17
3
1
,Inhoud
1. Inleiding ...........................................................................................................................4
1.1 Taken van een landmeter ..........................................................................................4
1.2 Referentiestelsels en coördinatenstelsels .................................................................5
2. Materialiseren van punten ................................................................................................5
3. Jalons ..............................................................................................................................6
4. Waterpastoestel ..................................................................................................................8
4.1 Anatomie waterpastoestel ..............................................................................................8
4.2 Types waterpastoestellen ...............................................................................................8
4.3 Bijhorende attributen ......................................................................................................9
4.4 Meting............................................................................................................................9
4.5 Toepassingen waterpastoestel ........................................................................................9
4.6 Doorgaande waterpassing ............................................................................................ 10
4.6.1 wat ........................................................................................................................ 10
4.6.2 Formule ............................................................................................................. 10
5. Theodoliet ......................................................................................................................... 10
5.1 Wat .............................................................................................................................. 10
5.2 Assen van theodoliet .................................................................................................... 10
5.3 Trigonometrische hoogtemeting .................................................................................... 10
6. Totaalstation...................................................................................................................... 11
6.1 Wat? ............................................................................................................................ 11
6.2 Meetmethodes ............................................................................................................. 11
6.2.1 Direct meten .......................................................................................................... 11
6.2.2 Indirect meten ....................................................................................................... 11
6.2.3 Gecodeerd meten .................................................................................................. 11
6.3 Voordelen totaalstation ................................................................................................ 12
6.4 Volumebepaling ........................................................................................................... 12
6.4.1 Methoden .............................................................................................................. 12
6.4.2 Volumebepaling met gridmethode .......................................................................... 12
7. GNSS systemen ................................................................................................................. 12
7.1 wat?............................................................................................................................. 12
7.2 Segmenten .................................................................................................................. 12
7.3 Werkingsprincipe ......................................................................................................... 13
7.4 Voor- en nadelen .......................................................................................................... 13
9. Machinesturing .................................................................................................................. 13
10. Ground penetrating radar ................................................................................................. 14
2
, 10.1 Wat? .......................................................................................................................... 14
10.2 Topografische correctie .............................................................................................. 14
10.3 Toepassingsgebied ..................................................................................................... 14
11. Laserscanning ................................................................................................................. 15
11.1 Wat? .......................................................................................................................... 15
12. Fotogrammetrie ............................................................................................................... 16
12.1 Basisprincipe ............................................................................................................. 16
12.2 Soorten fotogrammetrie.............................................................................................. 16
12.2.1 Luchtfotogrammetrie ........................................................................................... 16
12.2.2 Terrestrische fotogrammetrie................................................................................ 16
12.3 Problemen van luchtfotogrammetrie ........................................................................... 17
12.4 Verwerkingssoftware .................................................................................................. 17
3
