COMPREHENSIVE FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS 2025
____S1.STheSnurseSnotesSthatSaSpatientSisSnotSableStoSvoluntarySmoveStheSrightSarm.SWhichSpartSofStheSbrai
nSshouldStheSnurseSsuspectSisSaffectedSinSthisSpatient?
a.SCerebellum
b.SFrontalSlobe
c.SParietalSlobe
d.SHypothalamusS-SCORRECTSANSWERS-ANS:SB
TheSfrontalSlobesScontainStheSmotorSareasSthatSgenerateStheSimpulsesSthatSbringSaboutSvoluntarySmoveme
nt.SEachSmotorSareaScontrolsSmovementSonStheSoppositeSsideSofStheSbody.SC.STheSparietalSlobesScontainSth
eSgeneralSsensorySareasSforStheScutaneousSsenses,SconsciousSmuscleSsenseS(proprioception),SandStasteS(gu
station).SD.STheShypothalamusShasSvariedSfunctions.SA.STheSfunctionsSofStheScerebellumSareSconcernedSwit
hStheSinvoluntarySaspectsSofSvoluntarySmovement:Scoordination,StheSappropriateSdirectionSandSendpointSo
fSmovements,SandStheSmaintenanceSofSpostureSandSbalanceSorSequilibrium.
____S2.SASpatientSisSdiagnosedSwithSaShealthSproblemSthatSaltersStheSwaySimpulsesSareSconductedSinStheSne
urologicalSsystem.SWhenSreviewingSthisSinformationSwithStheSpatient,SwhichSpartSofSaSneuronSshouldStheSn
urseSteachScarriesSimpulsesStowardStheScellSbody?
a.SAxon
b.SDendrite
c.SSchwannScell
d.SMyelinSsheathS-SCORRECTSANSWERS-ANS:SB
ASneuronSmayShaveSoneSorSmanySdendrites,SwhichSareSextensionsSthatScarrySimpulsesStowardStheScellSbody
.SA.SASneuronShasSoneSaxonSthatStransmitsSimpulsesSawaySfromStheScellSbody.SC.SInStheSperipheralSnervousSs
ystem,SaxonsSandSdendritesSareSwrappedSinSspecializedSneuroglialScellsScalledSSchwannScells.STheSconcentr
icSlayersSofScellSmembraneSofSaSSchwannScellsSplasmaSmembraneSformStheSmyelinSsheath.SD.SMyelinSisSaSph
ospholipidSthatSelectricallySinsulatesSneuronsSfromSoneSanother.
____S3.STheSnurseSisSreviewingStheSvitalSsignSmeasurementsSforSaSpatientSwithSaSneurologicalSproblem.SWh
enSanalyzingStheseSmeasurementsSwhatSshouldStheSnurseSrecallSasStheSpartSofStheSbrainSthatSregulatesShea
rtSrateSandSbloodSpressure?
a.SMedulla
b.SCerebrum
c.SCerebellum
,d.SHypothalamusS-SCORRECTSANSWERS-ANS:SA
WithinStheSmedullaSareScardiacScentersSthatSregulateSheartSrate,SrespiratoryScentersSthatSregulateSbreathin
g,SandSvasomotorScentersSthatSregulateStheSdiameterSofSbloodSvesselsSandSthereforeSbloodSpressure.SB.SD.S
TheShypothalamusSandScerebrumShaveSvariedSfunctions.SC.STheSfunctionsSofStheScerebellumSareSconcerne
dSwithStheSinvoluntarySaspectsSofSvoluntarySmovement:Scoordination,StheSappropriateSdirectionSandSendp
ointSofSmovements,SandStheSmaintenanceSofSpostureSandSbalanceSorSequilibrium.
____S4.STheSnurseSisSpreparingSmaterialSaboutSimpulseStransmissionStoShelpSwithSaSpresentationSonStheSne
urologicalSsystem.SWhenSdiscussingSspinalSnerves,StheSnurseSwillSincludeSthatSeachSspinalSnerveSisSmadeSup
SofStheSdorsalSrootSandSwhichSotherSroot?
a.SMedial
b.SLateral
c.SVentral
d.SProximalS-SCORRECTSANSWERS-ANS:SC
EachSspinalSnerveShasStwoSroots,SwhichSareSneuronsSenteringSorSleavingStheSspinalScord.STheSdorsalSrootSisS
madeSofSsensorySneuronsSthatScarrySimpulsesSintoStheSspinalScord.STheSdorsalSrootSganglionSisSanSenlargem
entSofSthisSrootSthatScontainsStheScellSbodiesSofStheseSsensorySneurons.STheSventralSrootSisStheSmotorSroot;S
itSisSmadeSofSmotorSneuronsSthatScarrySimpulsesSfromStheSspinalScordStoSmusclesSorSglands.S(TheirScellSbodi
esSareSinStheSgraySmatterSofStheSspinalScord.)SWhenStheStwoSrootsSmerge,StheSnerveSthusSformedSisSaSmixed
Snerve.SA.SB.SD.SMedial,Slateral,SandSproximalSareSnotSpartsSofSaSspinalSnerve
____S5.STheSnurseSisSexplainingStheStransmissionSofSnerveSimpulsesStoSaSpatientSwithSaSspinalScordSinjury.S
WhatSshouldStheSnurseSexplainSasStheSstructureSthatScarriesSnerveSimpulsesSatSsynapses?
a.SCellSmembrane
b.SDepolarizations
c.SSchwannsScells
d.SNeurotransmittersS-SCORRECTSANSWERS-ANS:SD
TheSendSofStheSaxonSisScalledStheSsynapticSendSbulbSandScontainsSaSchemicalSneurotransmitterSthatSisSrelea
sedSintoStheSsynapseSbyStheSarrivalSofStheSelectricalSimpulse.STheSneurotransmitterSdiffusesSacrossStheSsyna
pseSandScombinesSwithSspecificSreceptorSsitesSonStheSpostsynapticSmembrane.SAtSexcitatorySsynapses,StheS
neurotransmitterSmakesStheSpostsynapticSmembraneSmoreSpermeableStoSsodiumSions,SwhichSrushSintoSth
eScell,SinitiatingSanSelectricalSimpulseSonStheSmembraneSofStheSpostsynapticSneuron.SA.SB.SC.SSchwannScells,
Sdepolarization,SandScellSmembranesSareSpartSofStheSneuronSandSitsSfunction,SnotStheSsynapse.
, ____S6.SASpatientSlearnsSthatSabdominalSpainSisSoriginatingSfromStheSliver.STheSnurseSshouldSexplainStoStheS
patientSthatStheSimpulsesSfromSreceptorsSinStheSinternalSorgansStoStheScentralSnervousSsystemSareStransmit
tedSfromSwhichStypeSofSneurons?
a.SInterneurons
b.SEfferentSneurons
c.SSomaticSsensorySneurons
d.SVisceralSsensorySneuronsS-SCORRECTSANSWERS-ANS:SD
SensorySneuronsSfromSreceptorsSinSinternalSorgansSareScalledSvisceralSsensorySneurons.SC.SSensorySneuron
sSfromSreceptorsSinStheSskin,SskeletalSmuscles,SandSjointsSareScalledSsomatic.SB.SMotorS(efferent)SneuronsStr
ansmitSimpulsesSfromStheScentralSnervousSsystemStoSeffectorsthatSis,SmusclesSandSglands.SA.SInterneuronsS
areSfoundSentirelySwithinStheScentralSnervousSsystem.
____S7.STheSnurseSisSreviewingStheSresultsSofSaSpatientsSdiagnosticStestsSwhichSshowSchangesSinSnerveSinsul
ation.SWhatSstructureSshouldStheSnurseSexplainStoStheSpatientSthatSelectricallySinsulatesSneurons?
a.SAstrocytes
b.SGraySmatter
c.SInterneurons
d.SMyelinSsheathS-SCORRECTSANSWERS-ANS:SD
MyelinSisSaSphospholipidSsheathSthatSelectricallySinsulatesSneuronsSfromSoneSanother.SB.SC.STheSgraySmatte
rSisSwhereStheScellSbodiesSofSmotorSneuronsSandSinterneuronsSareSlocated.SA.SAstrocytesSareSpartSofStheSne
uroglia.
____S8.STheSnurseSnotesSthatSaSpatientShasSaShistorySofSfalling.SWhichSpartSofStheSbrainSshouldStheSnurseSqu
estionSasSbeingSaffectedSinSthisSpatient?
a.SMedulla
b.SCerebellum
c.SFrontalSlobes
d.SHypothalamusS-SCORRECTSANSWERS-ANS:SB
TheSfunctionsSofStheScerebellumSareSconcernedSwithStheSinvoluntarySaspectsSofSvoluntarySmovement:Scoor
dination,StheSappropriateSdirectionSandSendpointSofSmovements,SandStheSmaintenanceSofSpostureSandSbal
anceSorSequilibrium.SC.STheSfrontalSlobesScontainStheSmotorSareasSthatSgenerateStheSimpulsesSthatSbringSab
outSvoluntarySmovement.SEachSmotorSareaScontrolsSmovementSonStheSoppositeSsideSofStheSbody.STheSfron
talSlobesScontainStheSmotorSareasSthatSgenerateStheSimpulsesSthatSbringSaboutSvoluntarySmovement.SD.STh
eShypothalamusShasSmanySfunctions.SA.STheSmedullaSregulatesStheSmostSvitalSlifeSfunctions.
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS 2025
____S1.STheSnurseSnotesSthatSaSpatientSisSnotSableStoSvoluntarySmoveStheSrightSarm.SWhichSpartSofStheSbrai
nSshouldStheSnurseSsuspectSisSaffectedSinSthisSpatient?
a.SCerebellum
b.SFrontalSlobe
c.SParietalSlobe
d.SHypothalamusS-SCORRECTSANSWERS-ANS:SB
TheSfrontalSlobesScontainStheSmotorSareasSthatSgenerateStheSimpulsesSthatSbringSaboutSvoluntarySmoveme
nt.SEachSmotorSareaScontrolsSmovementSonStheSoppositeSsideSofStheSbody.SC.STheSparietalSlobesScontainSth
eSgeneralSsensorySareasSforStheScutaneousSsenses,SconsciousSmuscleSsenseS(proprioception),SandStasteS(gu
station).SD.STheShypothalamusShasSvariedSfunctions.SA.STheSfunctionsSofStheScerebellumSareSconcernedSwit
hStheSinvoluntarySaspectsSofSvoluntarySmovement:Scoordination,StheSappropriateSdirectionSandSendpointSo
fSmovements,SandStheSmaintenanceSofSpostureSandSbalanceSorSequilibrium.
____S2.SASpatientSisSdiagnosedSwithSaShealthSproblemSthatSaltersStheSwaySimpulsesSareSconductedSinStheSne
urologicalSsystem.SWhenSreviewingSthisSinformationSwithStheSpatient,SwhichSpartSofSaSneuronSshouldStheSn
urseSteachScarriesSimpulsesStowardStheScellSbody?
a.SAxon
b.SDendrite
c.SSchwannScell
d.SMyelinSsheathS-SCORRECTSANSWERS-ANS:SB
ASneuronSmayShaveSoneSorSmanySdendrites,SwhichSareSextensionsSthatScarrySimpulsesStowardStheScellSbody
.SA.SASneuronShasSoneSaxonSthatStransmitsSimpulsesSawaySfromStheScellSbody.SC.SInStheSperipheralSnervousSs
ystem,SaxonsSandSdendritesSareSwrappedSinSspecializedSneuroglialScellsScalledSSchwannScells.STheSconcentr
icSlayersSofScellSmembraneSofSaSSchwannScellsSplasmaSmembraneSformStheSmyelinSsheath.SD.SMyelinSisSaSph
ospholipidSthatSelectricallySinsulatesSneuronsSfromSoneSanother.
____S3.STheSnurseSisSreviewingStheSvitalSsignSmeasurementsSforSaSpatientSwithSaSneurologicalSproblem.SWh
enSanalyzingStheseSmeasurementsSwhatSshouldStheSnurseSrecallSasStheSpartSofStheSbrainSthatSregulatesShea
rtSrateSandSbloodSpressure?
a.SMedulla
b.SCerebrum
c.SCerebellum
,d.SHypothalamusS-SCORRECTSANSWERS-ANS:SA
WithinStheSmedullaSareScardiacScentersSthatSregulateSheartSrate,SrespiratoryScentersSthatSregulateSbreathin
g,SandSvasomotorScentersSthatSregulateStheSdiameterSofSbloodSvesselsSandSthereforeSbloodSpressure.SB.SD.S
TheShypothalamusSandScerebrumShaveSvariedSfunctions.SC.STheSfunctionsSofStheScerebellumSareSconcerne
dSwithStheSinvoluntarySaspectsSofSvoluntarySmovement:Scoordination,StheSappropriateSdirectionSandSendp
ointSofSmovements,SandStheSmaintenanceSofSpostureSandSbalanceSorSequilibrium.
____S4.STheSnurseSisSpreparingSmaterialSaboutSimpulseStransmissionStoShelpSwithSaSpresentationSonStheSne
urologicalSsystem.SWhenSdiscussingSspinalSnerves,StheSnurseSwillSincludeSthatSeachSspinalSnerveSisSmadeSup
SofStheSdorsalSrootSandSwhichSotherSroot?
a.SMedial
b.SLateral
c.SVentral
d.SProximalS-SCORRECTSANSWERS-ANS:SC
EachSspinalSnerveShasStwoSroots,SwhichSareSneuronsSenteringSorSleavingStheSspinalScord.STheSdorsalSrootSisS
madeSofSsensorySneuronsSthatScarrySimpulsesSintoStheSspinalScord.STheSdorsalSrootSganglionSisSanSenlargem
entSofSthisSrootSthatScontainsStheScellSbodiesSofStheseSsensorySneurons.STheSventralSrootSisStheSmotorSroot;S
itSisSmadeSofSmotorSneuronsSthatScarrySimpulsesSfromStheSspinalScordStoSmusclesSorSglands.S(TheirScellSbodi
esSareSinStheSgraySmatterSofStheSspinalScord.)SWhenStheStwoSrootsSmerge,StheSnerveSthusSformedSisSaSmixed
Snerve.SA.SB.SD.SMedial,Slateral,SandSproximalSareSnotSpartsSofSaSspinalSnerve
____S5.STheSnurseSisSexplainingStheStransmissionSofSnerveSimpulsesStoSaSpatientSwithSaSspinalScordSinjury.S
WhatSshouldStheSnurseSexplainSasStheSstructureSthatScarriesSnerveSimpulsesSatSsynapses?
a.SCellSmembrane
b.SDepolarizations
c.SSchwannsScells
d.SNeurotransmittersS-SCORRECTSANSWERS-ANS:SD
TheSendSofStheSaxonSisScalledStheSsynapticSendSbulbSandScontainsSaSchemicalSneurotransmitterSthatSisSrelea
sedSintoStheSsynapseSbyStheSarrivalSofStheSelectricalSimpulse.STheSneurotransmitterSdiffusesSacrossStheSsyna
pseSandScombinesSwithSspecificSreceptorSsitesSonStheSpostsynapticSmembrane.SAtSexcitatorySsynapses,StheS
neurotransmitterSmakesStheSpostsynapticSmembraneSmoreSpermeableStoSsodiumSions,SwhichSrushSintoSth
eScell,SinitiatingSanSelectricalSimpulseSonStheSmembraneSofStheSpostsynapticSneuron.SA.SB.SC.SSchwannScells,
Sdepolarization,SandScellSmembranesSareSpartSofStheSneuronSandSitsSfunction,SnotStheSsynapse.
, ____S6.SASpatientSlearnsSthatSabdominalSpainSisSoriginatingSfromStheSliver.STheSnurseSshouldSexplainStoStheS
patientSthatStheSimpulsesSfromSreceptorsSinStheSinternalSorgansStoStheScentralSnervousSsystemSareStransmit
tedSfromSwhichStypeSofSneurons?
a.SInterneurons
b.SEfferentSneurons
c.SSomaticSsensorySneurons
d.SVisceralSsensorySneuronsS-SCORRECTSANSWERS-ANS:SD
SensorySneuronsSfromSreceptorsSinSinternalSorgansSareScalledSvisceralSsensorySneurons.SC.SSensorySneuron
sSfromSreceptorsSinStheSskin,SskeletalSmuscles,SandSjointsSareScalledSsomatic.SB.SMotorS(efferent)SneuronsStr
ansmitSimpulsesSfromStheScentralSnervousSsystemStoSeffectorsthatSis,SmusclesSandSglands.SA.SInterneuronsS
areSfoundSentirelySwithinStheScentralSnervousSsystem.
____S7.STheSnurseSisSreviewingStheSresultsSofSaSpatientsSdiagnosticStestsSwhichSshowSchangesSinSnerveSinsul
ation.SWhatSstructureSshouldStheSnurseSexplainStoStheSpatientSthatSelectricallySinsulatesSneurons?
a.SAstrocytes
b.SGraySmatter
c.SInterneurons
d.SMyelinSsheathS-SCORRECTSANSWERS-ANS:SD
MyelinSisSaSphospholipidSsheathSthatSelectricallySinsulatesSneuronsSfromSoneSanother.SB.SC.STheSgraySmatte
rSisSwhereStheScellSbodiesSofSmotorSneuronsSandSinterneuronsSareSlocated.SA.SAstrocytesSareSpartSofStheSne
uroglia.
____S8.STheSnurseSnotesSthatSaSpatientShasSaShistorySofSfalling.SWhichSpartSofStheSbrainSshouldStheSnurseSqu
estionSasSbeingSaffectedSinSthisSpatient?
a.SMedulla
b.SCerebellum
c.SFrontalSlobes
d.SHypothalamusS-SCORRECTSANSWERS-ANS:SB
TheSfunctionsSofStheScerebellumSareSconcernedSwithStheSinvoluntarySaspectsSofSvoluntarySmovement:Scoor
dination,StheSappropriateSdirectionSandSendpointSofSmovements,SandStheSmaintenanceSofSpostureSandSbal
anceSorSequilibrium.SC.STheSfrontalSlobesScontainStheSmotorSareasSthatSgenerateStheSimpulsesSthatSbringSab
outSvoluntarySmovement.SEachSmotorSareaScontrolsSmovementSonStheSoppositeSsideSofStheSbody.STheSfron
talSlobesScontainStheSmotorSareasSthatSgenerateStheSimpulsesSthatSbringSaboutSvoluntarySmovement.SD.STh
eShypothalamusShasSmanySfunctions.SA.STheSmedullaSregulatesStheSmostSvitalSlifeSfunctions.
