Research Methods in Psychology: Evaluating a World of Information 3rd Edition by Beth Morling.

CHAPTER 1: Psychology Is a Way of Thinking
c c c c c c c




LEARNINGCOBJECTIVES

LearningcObjectivec1.1:cArticulatechowcthecrolescofcconsumerscandcproducerscofcpsychologicalcresearchcarecsi
milarcandchowctheycdiffer.

LearningcObjectivec1.2:cExplainchowctheoriescandcdatacinteractctocformcempiricalcinquiry.

LearningcObjectivec1.3:cIdentifycexamplescofcbasiccandcappliedcresearchcandcdescribecthecinteractionscbetwee
ncthectwockindscofcresearch.

LearningcObjectivec1.4:cDescribecthecrolecofcthecpeer-reviewcprocesscincscience.

LearningcObjectivec1.5:cGivecexamplescofcwayscthatcresearcherscdigcdeepercbycdoingcmorecthancjustconecstud
yconcacresearchcquestion.

LearningcObjectivec1.6:cDescribecthecdifferencescbetweencempiricalcjournalscandcpopularcjournalism;cdescrib
ecthecgoalscofceachcformatcandcgivecexamplescofcwayscthatcjournalistsccancwritecbettercstoriescaboutcscientificc
news.

MULTIPLECCHOICE

1. Whichcofcthecfollowingciscancexamplecofcbeingcacproducercofcresearch?
a. Administeringcancanxietycquestionnaire
b. Applyingcacnewctherapyctechnique
c. Writingcancopinioncarticlecaboutcacpsychologicalcstudy
d. Undergoingcacbraincscan

ANS: A DIF: MediumcREF:
1.1cResearchcProducers,cResearchcConsumers:cWhycthecProducercRolecIscImportantcOBJ:
LearningcObjectivec1.1 MSC: Understanding

2. Whichcofcthecfollowingciscancexamplecofcbeingcacconsumercofcresearch?
a. AdministeringcacquestionnairecofcPTSDcsymptoms
b. Consentingctocparticipatecincacresearchcstudy
c. Attendingcacpsychologicalcconference
d. Measuringcdopamineclevelscincpatientscwithcschizophrenia

ANS: C DIF: MediumcREF:
1.1cResearchcProducers,cResearchcConsumers:cWhycthecConsumercRolecIscImportantcOBJ:
LearningcObjectivec1.1 MSC: Applying

,3.
Studentscwhocarecinterestedcincbeingcconsumerscof,cbutcnotcproducerscof,cresearchcmightcchoosecwhichc
ofcthecfollowingcprofessions?
a. Acclinicalcpsychologist
b. Ancinterventioncprogramcevaluator
c. Acpoliticalcpollster
d. Ancadvertisingcexecutive

ANS: D DIF: MediumcREF:
1.1cResearchcProducers,cResearchcConsumers:cWhycthecConsumercRolecIscImportantcOBJ:
LearningcObjectivec1.1 MSC: Analyzing

4.
Dr.cSmithermancinsistscthatcallchiscresearchcassistantscknowchowctocbecproducerscofcresearch.cAllcofcthecf
ollowingcrelatectocthiscrequirementcEXCEPT:
a. HecwantsctocmakecsurectheycunderstandchowctocwritecincAPAcstyle.
b. Hecwantsctocmakecsurectheycunderstandcwhycanonymityciscimportant.
c. Hecwantsctocmakecsurectheycunderstandchowctocinterpretcstudycresultscandcgraphs.
d. Hecwantsctocmakecsurectheychavecpreviouslycbeencparticipantscincresearchcstudies.

ANS: D DIF: MediumcREF:
1.1cResearchcProducers,cResearchcConsumers:cWhycthecConsumercRolecIscImportantcOBJ:
LearningcObjectivec1.1 MSC: Understanding

5.
ElliottciscdoublecmajoringcincEnglishcandcpsychology.cHecplansconcbeingcachighcschoolcEnglishcteachercan
dcisconlycmajoringcincpsychologycbecausechecfindscthecclassescinteresting.cWhichcofcthecfollowingciscancimp
ortantcreasoncforchimctocbecacgoodcconsumercofcresearch?
a. Hiscpsychologycadvisorcmaycaskcforchischelpcinccopy-editingcacresearchcarticle.
b. Hecwillclikelycneedctocbecacparticipantcincresearchcstudiescascpartcofchiscpsychologycmajor.
c. Hecwillcprobablycwantctocreadcresearchcrelatedctocenhancingchiscteaching.
d. Hecwillchavectocproducecresearchcbeforecheccancconsumecit.

ANS: C DIF: EasycREF:
1.1cResearchcProducers,cResearchcConsumers:cWhycthecConsumercRolecIscImportantcOBJ:
LearningcObjectivec1.1 MSC: Applying

6. Incthectheory-dataccycle,ctheoriescfirstcleadctoc .
a. questions
b. answers

, c. data
d. research

ANS: A DIF: EasycREF:
1.2cHowcScientistscApproachcTheircWork:cScientistscTestcTheories:cThecTheory-DatacCyclecOBJ:
LearningcObjectivec1.2 MSC: Understanding

7. Anothercwordcforchypothesiscisca(n)c .
a. theory
b. observation
c. prediction
d. outcome

ANS: C DIF: EasycREF:
1.2cHowcScientistscApproachcTheircWork:cScientistscTestcTheories:cThecTheory-DatacCyclecOBJ:
LearningcObjectivec1.2 MSC: Remembering

8. Anothercwordcforcdatacisca(n)c .
a. theory
b. observation
c. prediction
d. outcome

ANS: B DIF: EasycREF:
1.2cHowcScientistscApproachcTheircWork:cScientistscTestcTheories:cThecTheory-DatacCyclecOBJ:
LearningcObjectivec1.2 MSC: Remembering

9.
RESEARCHcSTUDYc1.1:cDecicandcRyanc(1985,c2001)chavecproposedcthatctherecarecthreecfundamentalc
needscthatcarecrequiredcforchumancgrowthcandcfulfillment:crelatedness,cautonomy,candccompetence.cSusa
ncpredictscthatcstudentscwhochavecthesecneedscmetcinctheircpsychologycclasscfeelchappiercandcmorecsatisfi
edcwithcthecclass.cSheccollectscdatacandcfindscthatcstudentscwhocfeelcmorecrelatedcandccompetentcdocfeelch
appiercbutcthatcfeelingcmorecautonomouscdoescnotcseemctocmatter.cSusancthinkscthatcmaybecautonomycisc
onlycnecessarycwhencpeoplecarecincsituationscincwhichctheycarecnotcbeingcevaluated.
DecicandcRyan’scgeneralcstatementcofchowcthecthreecneedscarecrelatedctocgrowthcandcfulfillmentciscancex
amplecofcwhichcofcthecfollowing?
a. Actheory
b. Achypothesis
c. Data
d. Research

, ANS: A DIF: DifficultcREF:
1.2cHowcScientistscApproachcTheircWork:cScientistscTestcTheories:cThecTheory-DatacCyclecOBJ:
LearningcObjectivec1.2 MSC: Applying

10.
RESEARCHcSTUDYc1.1:cDecicandcRyanc(1985,c2001)chavecproposedcthatctherecarecthreecfundamentalc
needscthatcarecrequiredcforchumancgrowthcandcfulfillment:crelatedness,cautonomy,candccompetence.cSusa
ncpredictscthatcstudentscwhochavecthesecneedscmetcinctheircpsychologycclasscfeelchappiercandcmorecsatisfi
edcwithcthecclass.cSheccollectscdatacandcfindscthatcstudentscwhocfeelcmorecrelatedcandccompetentcdocfeelch
appiercbutcthatcfeelingcmorecautonomouscdoescnotcseemctocmatter.cSusancthinkscthatcmaybecautonomycisc
onlycnecessarycwhencpeoplecarecincsituationscincwhichctheycarecnotcbeingcevaluated.
Susan’scpredictioncthatcstudentscwhochavecallcthreecneedscmetcwillcexperiencecgreatercsatisfactioncwithct
heircpsychologycclassciscancexamplecofcwhichcofcthecfollowing?
a. Actheory
b. Achypothesis
c. Data
d. Research

ANS: B DIF: DifficultcREF:
1.2cHowcScientistscApproachcTheircWork:cScientistscTestcTheories:cThecTheory-DatacCyclecOBJ:
LearningcObjectivec1.2 MSC: Applying

11.
RESEARCHcSTUDYc1.1:cDecicandcRyanc(1985,c2001)chavecproposedcthatctherecarecthreecfundamentalc
needscthatcarecrequiredcforchumancgrowthcandcfulfillment:crelatedness,cautonomy,candccompetence.cSusa
ncpredictscthatcstudentscwhochavecthesecneedscmetcinctheircpsychologycclasscfeelchappiercandcmorecsatisfi
edcwithcthecclass.cSheccollectscdatacandcfindscthatcstudentscwhocfeelcmorecrelatedcandccompetentcdocfeelch
appiercbutcthatcfeelingcmorecautonomouscdoescnotcseemctocmatter.cSusancthinkscthatcmaybecautonomycisc
onlycnecessarycwhencpeoplecarecincsituationscincwhichctheycarecnotcbeingcevaluated.
AftercSusanccollectscandcanalyzeschercdata,cwhichcofcthecfollowingciscthecnextclogicalcstep?
a. SusancwritescacpapercchallengingcSelf-
DeterminationcTheorycbecauseconlycsomecofchercdatacsupportedcit.
b. Susancignorescthecdatacthatcdidcnotcfitcthectheory.
c. Susancrecalculateschercdatactocfitcthectheory.
d. Susancalterscorcamendscthectheoryctocfitchercdata.

ANS: D DIF: DifficultcREF:
1.2cHowcScientistscApproachcTheircWork:cScientistscTestcTheories:cThecTheory-DatacCyclecOBJ:
LearningcObjectivec1.2 MSC: Applying