©THEBRIGHT EXAM SOLUTIONS
11/8/2024 12:08 PM
BTEC Applied Science Unit 1 Biology Exam
Questions And Answers 100% Pass
Describe the function of the nucleolus - answer✔Produces ribosomes and RNA
Describe the function of the cell wall - answer✔Provides rigidity and protection to the cell
Describe the function of the chloroplasts - answer✔Site of photosynthesis as they contain chlorophyll
Describe the function of the plasmodesmata - answer✔A channel through the cell wall the allows
transport of materials from one cell to another
Describe the function of the amyoplasts - answer✔Stores starch and converts starch back into glucose
when the plant needs energy
Describe the function of the vacuole - answer✔Stores water and chemicals for cell use. Also maintains
turgor of cell
Describe the function of the tonoplasts - answer✔Membrane the surrounds the vacuole. Protects the
vacuole, isolates it from harmful substances and controls water flow in and out of the vacuole
Why are gram positive bacteria more susceptible to antibiotics? - answer✔Permeable cell wall whereas
gram negative bacteria has a semi-permeable cell wall
Describe the adaptations found in a palisade cell - answer✔Closely packed together
Chloroplasts
Large vacuole
Explain why the palisade cell has a large amount of chloroplasts - answer✔To absorb lots of light for
photosynthesis
Explain why palisade cells are closely packed together - answer✔To form a continuous layer in the leaf
Explain why palisade cells have a large vacuole - answer✔To maintain turgor (pushes against the cell
wall to maintain rigid shape)
Describe the adaptations of a root hair cell - answer✔Root hair shape
Large vacuole
, ©THEBRIGHT EXAM SOLUTIONS
11/8/2024 12:08 PM
Thin cellulose walls
Explain why root hair cells have an elongated section known as the root hair - answer✔Increased
surface area for maximum movement of water into the cell
Explain why root hair cells have a large vacuole - answer✔Contains cell sap with low water potential to
encourage water into the cell
Explain why root hair cells have thin cellulose walls - answer✔Encourage movement of water and
minerals into the cell. Short distance for osmosis and diffusion
Describe the adaptations of a sperm cell - answer✔Lots of mitochondria
Shaped head containing acrosome (with enzymes)
Haploid nucleus
Tail for movement
Explain why a sperm cell has an undulipodium (tail) - answer✔To allow the sperm to move to the egg
Explain why sperm cells contain large numbers of mitochondria - answer✔To produce the large amounts
of energy needed for movement
Explain why sperm cells have a shaped head - answer✔To push through the protective layer of the egg
cell
Explain why sperm cells contain acrosome in the head - answer✔To digest the zona pellucida to allow
entry into the egg cell
Explain why sperm cells have a haploid nucleus - answer✔Contains half the genetic material.
Describe the adaptations of egg cells - answer✔Contains a haploid nucleus
Protective outer layer (zona pellucida)
Corona radiata
Explain why egg cells have a haploid nucleus - answer✔Contains half the genetic material
Explain why egg cells have a zona pellucida (protective layer) - answer✔Protects the cell and only allows
one sperm cell to enter.
Explain why egg cells have a corona radiata (two or three layers attached to the zona pellucida) -
answer✔Contains all of the proteins needed to develop the fertilised cell
Describe the adaptations of red blood cells - answer✔No nucleus (mammals only)
Biconcave shape
11/8/2024 12:08 PM
BTEC Applied Science Unit 1 Biology Exam
Questions And Answers 100% Pass
Describe the function of the nucleolus - answer✔Produces ribosomes and RNA
Describe the function of the cell wall - answer✔Provides rigidity and protection to the cell
Describe the function of the chloroplasts - answer✔Site of photosynthesis as they contain chlorophyll
Describe the function of the plasmodesmata - answer✔A channel through the cell wall the allows
transport of materials from one cell to another
Describe the function of the amyoplasts - answer✔Stores starch and converts starch back into glucose
when the plant needs energy
Describe the function of the vacuole - answer✔Stores water and chemicals for cell use. Also maintains
turgor of cell
Describe the function of the tonoplasts - answer✔Membrane the surrounds the vacuole. Protects the
vacuole, isolates it from harmful substances and controls water flow in and out of the vacuole
Why are gram positive bacteria more susceptible to antibiotics? - answer✔Permeable cell wall whereas
gram negative bacteria has a semi-permeable cell wall
Describe the adaptations found in a palisade cell - answer✔Closely packed together
Chloroplasts
Large vacuole
Explain why the palisade cell has a large amount of chloroplasts - answer✔To absorb lots of light for
photosynthesis
Explain why palisade cells are closely packed together - answer✔To form a continuous layer in the leaf
Explain why palisade cells have a large vacuole - answer✔To maintain turgor (pushes against the cell
wall to maintain rigid shape)
Describe the adaptations of a root hair cell - answer✔Root hair shape
Large vacuole
, ©THEBRIGHT EXAM SOLUTIONS
11/8/2024 12:08 PM
Thin cellulose walls
Explain why root hair cells have an elongated section known as the root hair - answer✔Increased
surface area for maximum movement of water into the cell
Explain why root hair cells have a large vacuole - answer✔Contains cell sap with low water potential to
encourage water into the cell
Explain why root hair cells have thin cellulose walls - answer✔Encourage movement of water and
minerals into the cell. Short distance for osmosis and diffusion
Describe the adaptations of a sperm cell - answer✔Lots of mitochondria
Shaped head containing acrosome (with enzymes)
Haploid nucleus
Tail for movement
Explain why a sperm cell has an undulipodium (tail) - answer✔To allow the sperm to move to the egg
Explain why sperm cells contain large numbers of mitochondria - answer✔To produce the large amounts
of energy needed for movement
Explain why sperm cells have a shaped head - answer✔To push through the protective layer of the egg
cell
Explain why sperm cells contain acrosome in the head - answer✔To digest the zona pellucida to allow
entry into the egg cell
Explain why sperm cells have a haploid nucleus - answer✔Contains half the genetic material.
Describe the adaptations of egg cells - answer✔Contains a haploid nucleus
Protective outer layer (zona pellucida)
Corona radiata
Explain why egg cells have a haploid nucleus - answer✔Contains half the genetic material
Explain why egg cells have a zona pellucida (protective layer) - answer✔Protects the cell and only allows
one sperm cell to enter.
Explain why egg cells have a corona radiata (two or three layers attached to the zona pellucida) -
answer✔Contains all of the proteins needed to develop the fertilised cell
Describe the adaptations of red blood cells - answer✔No nucleus (mammals only)
Biconcave shape
