Craven CH 1 - Fundamentals of Nursing Questions with Answers
Socialization - correct answers>>a process that involves learning theory and skills and internalizing an
identity appropriate to a specific role. (pg 6)
Five levels of proficiency when acquiring and developing nursing skills - correct answers>>Novice,
Advanced Beginner, Competent, Proficient, and Expert. Differences in each level reflect changes in three
areas of skill performance. In the first area, the nurse moves from relying on abstract principles to using
concrete experiences. The second area involves a change from seeing situations in parts to seeing them
more conceptually, or as a whole. Finally, in the third area, the nurse is no longer outside the situation
observing but is directly involved. This process takes 5 to 10 years after graduation.
Florence Nightingale's Definition of Nursing - correct answers>>"the act of utilizing the environment of
the patient to assist him in his recovery."
ANA's definition of Nursing - correct answers>>"Nursing is the protection, promotion, and optimization
of health and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and
treatment of human response, and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities, and
populations."
Common Themes in Nursing - correct answers>>Holism, caring, teaching, advocacy, and supporting,
promoting, maintaining, and restoring health are all components of nursing practice. Nursing care
involves creativity, sensitivity, and applications based on scientific rationales. All of these components
are essential to the practice, but nurses should not limit themselves to these themes.
Practical Nursing Programs - correct answers>>1 year programs that prepare candidates to perform
technical skills under the supervision of registered nurses (RNs). Students successfully completing the
program requirements may sit for the licensure examination given by the state board of nursing to
become a licensed practical nurse (LPN) or licensed vocational nurse. LPNs differ from RNs in two areas:
educational preparation and scope of practice.
Associate Degree Nursing (ADN) Program - correct answers>>Initially developed in the 1950s in response
to a nursing shortage. Students pursuing this degree attend a community or junior college for 2 years or
more, receiving college credit for all courses and clinical experiences in nursing. As providers of nursing
care, ADNs use the nursing process to formulate and maintain individualized patient plans of care. They
also teach patients who need information or suport to maintain health.
, Nurse Practitioner **** - correct answers>>A nurse with advanced education who has graduated from
an NP program. NPs function with more independence and autonomy than other nurses and are highly
skilled at doing nursing assessments, performing physical examinations, counseling, teaching, and
treating health problems.
Clinical Nurse Specialist **** - correct answers>>Has advanced experience and expertise in a specialized
area of practice such as gerontology, pediatrics, critical care, or pulmonary disease. Works in various
settings, depending on his or her specialty. Roles include clinician, educator, manager, consultant, and
researcher.
Nurse Midwife **** - correct answers>>Has advanced education in nursing and midwifery and, in the
United States, is certified by the American College of Nurse Midwives. These types of nurses provide
independent care for women during normal pregnancy, labor, and delivery. Nurse midwives also may
perform routine Papanicolaou (Pap) smears and breast examinations and assist patients with family
planning.
Nurse Anesthetist **** - correct answers>>Provides general anesthesia for patients undergoing surgery.
Nurse Researcher **** - correct answers>>This person is responsible for the continued development
and refinement of nursing knowledge and practice through the investigation of nursing problems.
Nurse Educator **** - correct answers>>Role can be developed in many settings, including schools of
nursing and hospital staff development departments.
ANA's (American Nurses Association) Two Lists of Standards **** - correct answers>>Nursing's
professional organization in the United States. It is important because it sets the standards of practice for
nurses (ANA, 2010) and makes decisions about the functions, activities, and goals of the nursing
profession. The organization is a voice for nurses because it acts on issues and wishes expressed by its
membership. ANA created the standards of practice: Standards of care and standards of professional
performance.
Standards of Care (Nursing Process - 6 items) - correct answers>>Assessment, Diagnosis, Outcome
Identification, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation. (Outcome Identification not mentioned during
orientation. Only ADPIE.)
Socialization - correct answers>>a process that involves learning theory and skills and internalizing an
identity appropriate to a specific role. (pg 6)
Five levels of proficiency when acquiring and developing nursing skills - correct answers>>Novice,
Advanced Beginner, Competent, Proficient, and Expert. Differences in each level reflect changes in three
areas of skill performance. In the first area, the nurse moves from relying on abstract principles to using
concrete experiences. The second area involves a change from seeing situations in parts to seeing them
more conceptually, or as a whole. Finally, in the third area, the nurse is no longer outside the situation
observing but is directly involved. This process takes 5 to 10 years after graduation.
Florence Nightingale's Definition of Nursing - correct answers>>"the act of utilizing the environment of
the patient to assist him in his recovery."
ANA's definition of Nursing - correct answers>>"Nursing is the protection, promotion, and optimization
of health and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and
treatment of human response, and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities, and
populations."
Common Themes in Nursing - correct answers>>Holism, caring, teaching, advocacy, and supporting,
promoting, maintaining, and restoring health are all components of nursing practice. Nursing care
involves creativity, sensitivity, and applications based on scientific rationales. All of these components
are essential to the practice, but nurses should not limit themselves to these themes.
Practical Nursing Programs - correct answers>>1 year programs that prepare candidates to perform
technical skills under the supervision of registered nurses (RNs). Students successfully completing the
program requirements may sit for the licensure examination given by the state board of nursing to
become a licensed practical nurse (LPN) or licensed vocational nurse. LPNs differ from RNs in two areas:
educational preparation and scope of practice.
Associate Degree Nursing (ADN) Program - correct answers>>Initially developed in the 1950s in response
to a nursing shortage. Students pursuing this degree attend a community or junior college for 2 years or
more, receiving college credit for all courses and clinical experiences in nursing. As providers of nursing
care, ADNs use the nursing process to formulate and maintain individualized patient plans of care. They
also teach patients who need information or suport to maintain health.
, Nurse Practitioner **** - correct answers>>A nurse with advanced education who has graduated from
an NP program. NPs function with more independence and autonomy than other nurses and are highly
skilled at doing nursing assessments, performing physical examinations, counseling, teaching, and
treating health problems.
Clinical Nurse Specialist **** - correct answers>>Has advanced experience and expertise in a specialized
area of practice such as gerontology, pediatrics, critical care, or pulmonary disease. Works in various
settings, depending on his or her specialty. Roles include clinician, educator, manager, consultant, and
researcher.
Nurse Midwife **** - correct answers>>Has advanced education in nursing and midwifery and, in the
United States, is certified by the American College of Nurse Midwives. These types of nurses provide
independent care for women during normal pregnancy, labor, and delivery. Nurse midwives also may
perform routine Papanicolaou (Pap) smears and breast examinations and assist patients with family
planning.
Nurse Anesthetist **** - correct answers>>Provides general anesthesia for patients undergoing surgery.
Nurse Researcher **** - correct answers>>This person is responsible for the continued development
and refinement of nursing knowledge and practice through the investigation of nursing problems.
Nurse Educator **** - correct answers>>Role can be developed in many settings, including schools of
nursing and hospital staff development departments.
ANA's (American Nurses Association) Two Lists of Standards **** - correct answers>>Nursing's
professional organization in the United States. It is important because it sets the standards of practice for
nurses (ANA, 2010) and makes decisions about the functions, activities, and goals of the nursing
profession. The organization is a voice for nurses because it acts on issues and wishes expressed by its
membership. ANA created the standards of practice: Standards of care and standards of professional
performance.
Standards of Care (Nursing Process - 6 items) - correct answers>>Assessment, Diagnosis, Outcome
Identification, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation. (Outcome Identification not mentioned during
orientation. Only ADPIE.)
