©SIRJOEL EXAM SOLUTIONS
10/3/2024 9:54 PM
Brock Biology of Microorganisms Chapter 12
Exam Study Guide.
PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) - answer✔Multiplying segments of DNA up to a billionfold
during amplification
Thermocycler - answer✔Automated PCR machine
Quantitative PCR - answer✔Quantifies the initial amount of DNA
RT-PCR - answer✔Can make DNA from an RNA template; uses RT to convert RNA into cDNA
Gel Electrophoresis - answer✔Uses Agarose Gel
NAs (negatively charged phosphate groups) migrate through gel toward positive charge
Size Difference in Electrophoresis - answer✔Smaller molecules move faster
NA Hybridization - answer✔Complementary base pairings of single strands of DNA or RNA; 2
different sources to give a hybrid double helix
2 Sources for NA Hybridization - answer✔Southern Blot: Hybridization where DNA is the target
and DNA or RNA is the probe
Northern Blot: Hybridization where RNA is the target and DNA or RNA is the probe
NA Probes - answer✔Segments of ssDNA used in hybridization
FISH (Fluorescent in Situ Hybridization) - answer✔Uses fluorescent probes to target specific
sequences; Can identify pathogens in clinical samples/bacteria in environmental samples
Recombinant DNA - answer✔DNA that has been formed artificially by combining constituents
from different organisms
Molecular Cloning - answer✔Movement of a gene from original source to small and
manipulable genetic element (vector)
10/3/2024 9:54 PM
Brock Biology of Microorganisms Chapter 12
Exam Study Guide.
PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) - answer✔Multiplying segments of DNA up to a billionfold
during amplification
Thermocycler - answer✔Automated PCR machine
Quantitative PCR - answer✔Quantifies the initial amount of DNA
RT-PCR - answer✔Can make DNA from an RNA template; uses RT to convert RNA into cDNA
Gel Electrophoresis - answer✔Uses Agarose Gel
NAs (negatively charged phosphate groups) migrate through gel toward positive charge
Size Difference in Electrophoresis - answer✔Smaller molecules move faster
NA Hybridization - answer✔Complementary base pairings of single strands of DNA or RNA; 2
different sources to give a hybrid double helix
2 Sources for NA Hybridization - answer✔Southern Blot: Hybridization where DNA is the target
and DNA or RNA is the probe
Northern Blot: Hybridization where RNA is the target and DNA or RNA is the probe
NA Probes - answer✔Segments of ssDNA used in hybridization
FISH (Fluorescent in Situ Hybridization) - answer✔Uses fluorescent probes to target specific
sequences; Can identify pathogens in clinical samples/bacteria in environmental samples
Recombinant DNA - answer✔DNA that has been formed artificially by combining constituents
from different organisms
Molecular Cloning - answer✔Movement of a gene from original source to small and
manipulable genetic element (vector)
