KCC Anatomy Midterm Questions with Correct
Answers
Anaxonic Neuron Correct Answer-have only dendrites and NO axon
Unipolar Neurons (pseudounipolar) Correct Answer-Have single, short
neuron process that emerges from body of cell; look like T as a result of
fusion of two processes into one long axon
Bipolar Neurons Correct Answer-Have two processes that extend from
cell body - one dendrite and one axon
Multipolar Neuron Correct Answer-Most common type of neuron; have
many dendrites and one single axon that extends from cell body
Telodendria (axon terminals) Correct Answer-array of fine terminal
extensions that branched off axons (and their collaterals)'s distal ends
axon (nerve fiber) Correct Answer-longer process emanating from cell
body to make contact with other neurons, muscle cells, or gland cells;
sometimes covered by myelin sheath
dendrites Correct Answer-"like trees"
short, small processes branching off neuron cell body
conduct electrical signals towards cell body (receive input and transfer
for processing)
,perikaryon Correct Answer-cytoplasm of neuron cell
neuron cell body Correct Answer-called the SOMA
-enclosed by plasma membrane
-cytoplasm surrounding nucleus
-conduct electrical signals to axon
-control center
Neuron & special characteristics of Correct Answer-basic structural unit
of the nervous system
1. Excitability (responsive to stimulation)
2. Conductivity
3. Secretion (releases neurotransmitters)
4. Extreme longevity
5. Amitotic (no mitotic activity)
nerves Correct Answer-bundles of axons (neuron processors)
somatic sensory Correct Answer-subdivision of sensory nervous system
detects stimuli we consciously percieve
receptors include: eyes, nose, tongue, ears, skin & propioreceptors
(receptors in joints & muscles that detect body position)
,visceral sensory Correct Answer-subdivision of sensory nervous system
detects stimuli we typically do not consciously percieve
receptors: structures in blood vessels and organs
motor nervous system (efferent nervous system) Correct Answer-
responsible for initiating and transmitting motor output *from* the cns
*to* effectors
controls muscle tissue and glands
sensory nervous system (afferent nervous system) Correct Answer-
responsible for receiving sensory information *from* receptors that
detect stimuli and transmitting this information *to* CNS
somatic motor Correct Answer-subdivision of motor nervous system
initiates and transmits motor output from CNS to voluntary skeletal
muscles
automatic motor (visceral motor) Correct Answer-subdivision of motor
nervous system
innervates and regulates cardiac muslce, smooth muscle and glands
without our conscious control
glial cells (neuroglia) Correct Answer-other distinct cell type within
nervous tissue; primarily support and protect the neurons
, found within both CNS and PNS
smaller than neurons and capable of mitosis
do not transmit nerve signals
far outnumber neurons
astrocytes Correct Answer-most abundant glial cell in the CNS
nurture, protect, support and guide neurons:
1) Help form blood-brain barrier
2) Regulate tissue fluid composition
3) Form a structural network
4) Assist neuronal development
5) Occupy the space of dying neurons
Ependymal cells Correct Answer-ciliated simple cuboidal or simple
columnar epithelial cells that line internal cavities of the brain
(ventricles) and the spinal cord (central canal)
helps to produce and circulate cerebrospinal fluid
Microglia Correct Answer-smallest percentage of CNS glial cells
replicate in response to infection; protect against microorganisms
Oligodendrocytes Correct Answer-large cells with bulbous body and
slender cytoplasmic extensions/processes
Answers
Anaxonic Neuron Correct Answer-have only dendrites and NO axon
Unipolar Neurons (pseudounipolar) Correct Answer-Have single, short
neuron process that emerges from body of cell; look like T as a result of
fusion of two processes into one long axon
Bipolar Neurons Correct Answer-Have two processes that extend from
cell body - one dendrite and one axon
Multipolar Neuron Correct Answer-Most common type of neuron; have
many dendrites and one single axon that extends from cell body
Telodendria (axon terminals) Correct Answer-array of fine terminal
extensions that branched off axons (and their collaterals)'s distal ends
axon (nerve fiber) Correct Answer-longer process emanating from cell
body to make contact with other neurons, muscle cells, or gland cells;
sometimes covered by myelin sheath
dendrites Correct Answer-"like trees"
short, small processes branching off neuron cell body
conduct electrical signals towards cell body (receive input and transfer
for processing)
,perikaryon Correct Answer-cytoplasm of neuron cell
neuron cell body Correct Answer-called the SOMA
-enclosed by plasma membrane
-cytoplasm surrounding nucleus
-conduct electrical signals to axon
-control center
Neuron & special characteristics of Correct Answer-basic structural unit
of the nervous system
1. Excitability (responsive to stimulation)
2. Conductivity
3. Secretion (releases neurotransmitters)
4. Extreme longevity
5. Amitotic (no mitotic activity)
nerves Correct Answer-bundles of axons (neuron processors)
somatic sensory Correct Answer-subdivision of sensory nervous system
detects stimuli we consciously percieve
receptors include: eyes, nose, tongue, ears, skin & propioreceptors
(receptors in joints & muscles that detect body position)
,visceral sensory Correct Answer-subdivision of sensory nervous system
detects stimuli we typically do not consciously percieve
receptors: structures in blood vessels and organs
motor nervous system (efferent nervous system) Correct Answer-
responsible for initiating and transmitting motor output *from* the cns
*to* effectors
controls muscle tissue and glands
sensory nervous system (afferent nervous system) Correct Answer-
responsible for receiving sensory information *from* receptors that
detect stimuli and transmitting this information *to* CNS
somatic motor Correct Answer-subdivision of motor nervous system
initiates and transmits motor output from CNS to voluntary skeletal
muscles
automatic motor (visceral motor) Correct Answer-subdivision of motor
nervous system
innervates and regulates cardiac muslce, smooth muscle and glands
without our conscious control
glial cells (neuroglia) Correct Answer-other distinct cell type within
nervous tissue; primarily support and protect the neurons
, found within both CNS and PNS
smaller than neurons and capable of mitosis
do not transmit nerve signals
far outnumber neurons
astrocytes Correct Answer-most abundant glial cell in the CNS
nurture, protect, support and guide neurons:
1) Help form blood-brain barrier
2) Regulate tissue fluid composition
3) Form a structural network
4) Assist neuronal development
5) Occupy the space of dying neurons
Ependymal cells Correct Answer-ciliated simple cuboidal or simple
columnar epithelial cells that line internal cavities of the brain
(ventricles) and the spinal cord (central canal)
helps to produce and circulate cerebrospinal fluid
Microglia Correct Answer-smallest percentage of CNS glial cells
replicate in response to infection; protect against microorganisms
Oligodendrocytes Correct Answer-large cells with bulbous body and
slender cytoplasmic extensions/processes
