(Pharm Spec) Hesi Pharmacology Exam Questions 2024

A male client who has been taking a high dose of a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) comes to the clinic complaining of gastric pain and blood in his stool. The healthcare provider discontinues the NSAIDs and prescribes esomeprazole. Which information should the client include in the nurse’s teaching plan? Answer: C. Notify the healthcare provider of the passage of black stool When administering zolpidem to an older client, which computer documentation indicates that the desired outcome has been achieved? Answer: A. Sleeps soundly through the night A male client with a fungal infection of the toenail reports to the nurse that he has been applying an over-the-counter triple antibiotic ointment to the infection daily for two weeks without any improvement. Which action should the nurse take? Answer: A. Instruct the client to obtain a prescription for oral terbinafine A client with a nasogastric tube (NGT) has a prescription for sucralfate. The liquid form of the medication is not currently available in the pharmacy and tablets have been delivered to the medication dispensing system. Which action should the nurse include when administering the medication? Answer: A. Crush the tablet and mix it with water separately from other medications A client with chronic asthma receives a prescription for montelukast, a leukotriene modifier. Which statement by the client indicates to the nurse that medication teaching was effective? Answer: B. I will take the tablet every evening to control my asthma The nurse is planning to administer the antiulcer GI agent sucralfate to a client with peptic ulcer disease. Which action should the nurse include in this client’s plan of care? Answer: C. Give sucralfate once a day, preferably at bedtime A client with anemia secondary to chronic kidney disease (CKD) started a prescription for epoetin alfa two months ago. Which client finding best indicates that the medication is effective? Answer: D. Hemoglobin level increased to 12 grams/dL (120 mmol/L) The healthcare provider prescribes propylthiouracil (PTU) and Lugol’s solution, a strong idoine solution, for a client with hyperthyroidism. How should the nurse schedule the administration of these medications? Answer: B. Offer both drugs together with a meal Twenty minutes after the nurse starts a secondary IV infusion of cefepime 2 grams using an infusion pump to deliver the dose in one hour, the client reports feeling nauseated. Which action should the nurse implement? Answer: A. Continue the infusion and administer a PRN antiemetic prescription A client with diabetic peripheral neuropathy, who has been taking pregabalin for 2 weeks reports diminished foot pain. The nurse notes that there is no improvement in the healing of several toe ulcerations. Which action should the nurse take? Answer: A. Review the plan of care for strategies used to manage the foot ulcerations A client with type 2 diabetes mellitus who takes glimepiride by mouth daily calls the nurse to report a recent onset of nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. Which response should the nurse provide? Answer: A. Increases oral fluid intake until these symptoms subside. The healthcare provider increases a client’s prescription for glipizide 5mg to glipizide 7.5 mg by mouth every 12 hours. The medication is available in 5 mg scored tablets. How many tablets should the nurse administer with each dose? Answer: 1.5 The nurse is administering the muscle relaxant baclofen PO to a client diagnosed with multiple sclerosis. Which interventions should the nurse implement? Answer: D. Evaluate muscle strength every 4 hours The nurse retrieves hydromorphone 4 mg/ml from the Pyxis Medstation, an automated dispensing system, for a client who is receiving hydromorphone 3 mg IM every 8 hours PRN severe pain. How many mL should the nurse administer to the client? (Round to the nearest tenth) Answer: 0.8 When conducting a drug education about an oral prescription for cyclosporine, which juice should the nurse instruct the client to avoid because it can increase the serum cyclosporine levels? Answer: C. Grapefruit A patient with hepatic encephalopathy is receiving lactulose. Which assessment provides the nurse with the best information to evaluate the client’s therapeutic response to the drug? Answer: B. Stool color and character A client is recieving morphine sulfate via a PCA pump postoperatively. Which assessment finding should prompt the nurse to administer a prescribed PRN dose of naloxone? Answer: A. Respiratory rate of 7 breaths/minute The nurse is providing instructions about a client’s new medications. how should the nurse explain the purpose of probenecid, a uricosuric drug? Answer: A. Promotes excretion of uric acid in the urine A female client who has trichomoniasis vaginitis receives a prescription for metronidazole. Which instruction should the nurse provide this client? Answer: C. Male partners must also be treated After receiving five doses of filgrastim the nurse notes that the client’s white blood cell count has increased from 2500/mm (2.5* 10/LSI) to 5,000/mm(5* 10/LSI). What action should the nurse implement? Answer: B. Implement neutropenic precautions The nurse is preparing a discharge teaching plan for a client who is taking ciprofloxacin hydrochloride (Cipro) tablets, which were prescribed because of suspected anthrax exposure. Which instructions should be included in the teaching plan? (Select all that apply) A. Increase fluid intake while taking the medication B. Crush and mix the tablets with pudding if you have trouble swallowing the tablets C. Use NSAIDs to relieve mild joint aches and pains caused by the medication D. Report any tendon pain or swelling to the HCP immediately E. Limit exposure to sunlight and avoid tanning beds Answers: A, D, and E A client with chronic lower back pain has been taking the non-steroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID) ibuprofen, by mouth twice a day for several months. Which assessment is most important for the nurse to complete? Answer: C. Determine presence of abdominal pain A 48 year-old male client tells the nurse that he obtained sildenafil without a prescription over the internet and asks the nurse if it is safe to take. In addition to advising the client to obtain medical evaluation. It is important that the nurse immediately determine if he takes what other type of medication? Answer: C. Nitrates, such as nitroglycerine A client recently diagnosed with early stage Alzheimer's disease receives a prescription for donepezil, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. Which content should the nurse include in the client medication teaching? Answer: A. Discuss the fact that Aricept may slow the progression of the disease over the next year The nurse is planning care for a client with major depression who is receiving a new prescription for duloxetine. Which information is most important for the nurse to obtain? Answer: A. Liver function laboratory results The nurse is preparing a client with COPD and a chronic productive cough for discharged home. Which prescribed medication should the nurse review with the client to manage this symptom Answer: D. Guaifenesin A client who receives multiple antihypertensive medications experience syncope due to a drop in blood pressure to 70/40 mm Hg. Which is the rationale for the nurse’s decision to hold the client’s scheduled antihypertensive medications? Answer: D. The additive effect of multiple medications has caused the blood pressure to drop too low A client who is taking dextroamphetamine-amphetamine extended-release tablets for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) complains about having difficulty sleeping at night. Which assessment is most important for the nurse to obtain? Answer: B. Determine what time the dose is taken Based on the capillary glucose measurement, a client is to receive 10 units of regular insulin. The client’s medication drawer contains 1 vial of 70/30 mixture of regular insulin and isophane insulin. How should the nurse prepare the prescribed dose? Answer: D. Obtain a new vial of regular insulin and withdraw ten units When administering medications to a group of clients, which client should the nurse closely monitor for development of acute kidney injury (AKI)? Answer: D. Vancomycin The nurse administers risedronate to a client with osteoporosis at 0700. The client asks for a glass of milk to drink with medication. Which action should the nurse take? Answer: A. Instruct the client that it is necessary to take nothing but water with the medication A client again is receiving vancomycin and the nurse is planning to draw a blood peak and trough to determine the serum level of the drug. Which collection times provide the best determination of these level? Answer: D. Immediately after completion of the IV dose and 30 minutes before the next administration of the drug