HUMAN RESOURCES
MANAGEMENT IN DE
GEZONDHEIDSZORG
Prof. Dr. Sara De Gieter
2023-2024
VUB
Nico Simons
,Inhoudsopgave
1. Selectie en assessment ............................................................................................................................ 5
1.1 Inleiding ................................................................................................................................................. 5
1.2 Criteriumdomein: wat is functieprestatie? ............................................................................................ 5
1.3 Criteriummaten: hoe meten we functieprestatie? ................................................................................. 6
1.4 Selectieconstructen: welke kenmerken zijn voorspellers? ..................................................................... 7
1.4.1 Algemene mentale vaardigheid: ....................................................................................................... 7
1.4.2 Kennis en ervaring: ............................................................................................................................ 7
1.4.3 Persoonlijkheid en motivatie: ............................................................................................................ 8
1.4.4 Emotionele intelligentie:.................................................................................................................... 8
1.4.5 Belangstelling: ................................................................................................................................... 8
1.4.6 Fit tussen persoon en organisatie: .................................................................................................... 9
1.4.7 Psychomotorische vaardigheden:...................................................................................................... 9
1.5 Voorspellende instrumenten: welke selectie-instrumenten zijn er? .................................................... 10
1.5.1 Onderliggend model: sign-model versus sample-model ................................................................. 10
1.5.2 Sollicitatieformulier ......................................................................................................................... 11
1.5.3 Referenties ...................................................................................................................................... 11
1.5.4 Kennistests ...................................................................................................................................... 12
1.5.5 Cognitieve vaardigheidstest ............................................................................................................ 12
1.5.6 Emotionele intelligentietest: ........................................................................................................... 13
1.5.7 Belangstellingsvragenlijsten: ........................................................................................................... 13
1.5.8 Persoonlijkheidsvragenlijsten: ......................................................................................................... 13
1.5.9 Onderzoek naar fysieke geschiktheid .............................................................................................. 13
1.5.10 Interviews ........................................................................................................................................ 14
1.5.11 Work samples .................................................................................................................................. 16
1.5.12 Assessmentcenters .......................................................................................................................... 18
1.5.13 Situational judgment tests .............................................................................................................. 19
1.5.14 Integriteitstests ............................................................................................................................... 19
1
,2. Prestatiebeoordeling en prestatiemanagement ..................................................................................... 21
2.1 Inleiding ............................................................................................................................................... 21
2.2 Doelstellingen: waarom beoordelen? .................................................................................................. 21
2.3 Resultaten en/of gedrag: wat wordt beoordeeld? .............................................................................. 22
2.4 Type beoordelingsinstrument: Hoe wordt beoordeeld? ...................................................................... 22
2.4.1 Rangschikkingsmethode .................................................................................................................. 23
2.4.2 Beoordelingsschalen ........................................................................................................................ 23
2.4.3 Methode van de kritische incidenten (=kritische incidententechniek) ............................................ 25
2.4.4 Narratieve beoordeling ................................................................................................................... 25
2.4.5 Management by objectives (MBO) .................................................................................................. 25
2.5 Type beoordelaarstraining................................................................................................................... 27
2.5.1 Overzicht van veelvoorkomende beoordelingseffecten ................................................................... 28
2.6 Type beoordelaar: wie beoordeelt? ..................................................................................................... 28
2.7 Type gespreksvorm .............................................................................................................................. 31
2.7.1 Gespreksvormen die gebruikt worden bij functioneringsgesprekken.............................................. 32
2.8 Prestatiemanagement in een impasse ................................................................................................ 35
2.8.1 Problemen ....................................................................................................................................... 35
2.8.2 Oplossingen ..................................................................................................................................... 36
2.9 Trends .................................................................................................................................................. 38
2.9.1 Informaticatechnologie ................................................................................................................... 38
2.9.2 Zoeken naar feedback en creatie van feedbackcultuur ................................................................... 38
2.9.3 Feedforward .................................................................................................................................... 38
3. Theoretische modellen over werkstress ................................................................................................ 40
3.1 Inleiding ............................................................................................................................................... 40
3.2 Person-environment fit model ............................................................................................................. 40
3.3 Demand-Control(-support) model ....................................................................................................... 41
3.4 Effort-Reward Imbalance Model (ERI-model) ...................................................................................... 43
3.5 Job Demands-Resources Model (JD-R Model) ..................................................................................... 44
3.6 Demand-Induced Strain Compensation Model (DISC-model) .............................................................. 45
2
, 4. Burn-out en bevlogenheid ..................................................................................................................... 48
4.1 Inleiding ............................................................................................................................................... 48
4.2 Definitie, symptomen en diagnose van burn-out................................................................................. 48
4.3 Mogelijke oorzaken, gevolgen en correlaten van burn-out ................................................................. 49
4.4 Verklaringen voor burn-out ................................................................................................................. 50
4.5 Interventies bij burn-out ...................................................................................................................... 51
4.6 Definitie en meting van bevlogenheid ................................................................................................. 51
4.7 Mogelijke oorzaken, gevolgen en correlaten van bevlogenheid ......................................................... 51
4.8 Verklaringen voor bevlogenheid .......................................................................................................... 53
4.9 Interventies bij bevlogenheid ............................................................................................................... 53
5. Van groepen naar teams ........................................................................................................................ 55
5.1 Waarom zijn teams zo populair geworden? ........................................................................................ 55
5.2 Verschil tussen teams en groepen ....................................................................................................... 55
5.3 Soorten teams...................................................................................................................................... 56
5.3.1 Probleemoplossende teams ............................................................................................................ 56
5.3.2 Zelfsturende teams .......................................................................................................................... 56
5.3.3 Crossfunctionele teams ................................................................................................................... 57
5.3.4 Virtuele teams ................................................................................................................................. 57
5.3.5 Multi-teamsystemen ....................................................................................................................... 57
5.4 Hoe creëer je effectieve teams? ........................................................................................................... 57
5.4.1 Contextuele factoren voor succesvolle teams ................................................................................. 58
5.4.2 Samenstelling van het team ............................................................................................................ 58
5.4.3 De invloed van procesvariabelen ..................................................................................................... 60
5.5 Toepassing in de organisatiepraktijk ................................................................................................... 61
5.5.1 Teams zijn niet altijd het juiste antwoord ....................................................................................... 61
5.5.2 Het ontwikkelen van teams ............................................................................................................. 62
6. Voorbeeld examenvragen ...................................................................................................................... 63
6.1 Januari 2022 ........................................................................................................................................ 63
3
MANAGEMENT IN DE
GEZONDHEIDSZORG
Prof. Dr. Sara De Gieter
2023-2024
VUB
Nico Simons
,Inhoudsopgave
1. Selectie en assessment ............................................................................................................................ 5
1.1 Inleiding ................................................................................................................................................. 5
1.2 Criteriumdomein: wat is functieprestatie? ............................................................................................ 5
1.3 Criteriummaten: hoe meten we functieprestatie? ................................................................................. 6
1.4 Selectieconstructen: welke kenmerken zijn voorspellers? ..................................................................... 7
1.4.1 Algemene mentale vaardigheid: ....................................................................................................... 7
1.4.2 Kennis en ervaring: ............................................................................................................................ 7
1.4.3 Persoonlijkheid en motivatie: ............................................................................................................ 8
1.4.4 Emotionele intelligentie:.................................................................................................................... 8
1.4.5 Belangstelling: ................................................................................................................................... 8
1.4.6 Fit tussen persoon en organisatie: .................................................................................................... 9
1.4.7 Psychomotorische vaardigheden:...................................................................................................... 9
1.5 Voorspellende instrumenten: welke selectie-instrumenten zijn er? .................................................... 10
1.5.1 Onderliggend model: sign-model versus sample-model ................................................................. 10
1.5.2 Sollicitatieformulier ......................................................................................................................... 11
1.5.3 Referenties ...................................................................................................................................... 11
1.5.4 Kennistests ...................................................................................................................................... 12
1.5.5 Cognitieve vaardigheidstest ............................................................................................................ 12
1.5.6 Emotionele intelligentietest: ........................................................................................................... 13
1.5.7 Belangstellingsvragenlijsten: ........................................................................................................... 13
1.5.8 Persoonlijkheidsvragenlijsten: ......................................................................................................... 13
1.5.9 Onderzoek naar fysieke geschiktheid .............................................................................................. 13
1.5.10 Interviews ........................................................................................................................................ 14
1.5.11 Work samples .................................................................................................................................. 16
1.5.12 Assessmentcenters .......................................................................................................................... 18
1.5.13 Situational judgment tests .............................................................................................................. 19
1.5.14 Integriteitstests ............................................................................................................................... 19
1
,2. Prestatiebeoordeling en prestatiemanagement ..................................................................................... 21
2.1 Inleiding ............................................................................................................................................... 21
2.2 Doelstellingen: waarom beoordelen? .................................................................................................. 21
2.3 Resultaten en/of gedrag: wat wordt beoordeeld? .............................................................................. 22
2.4 Type beoordelingsinstrument: Hoe wordt beoordeeld? ...................................................................... 22
2.4.1 Rangschikkingsmethode .................................................................................................................. 23
2.4.2 Beoordelingsschalen ........................................................................................................................ 23
2.4.3 Methode van de kritische incidenten (=kritische incidententechniek) ............................................ 25
2.4.4 Narratieve beoordeling ................................................................................................................... 25
2.4.5 Management by objectives (MBO) .................................................................................................. 25
2.5 Type beoordelaarstraining................................................................................................................... 27
2.5.1 Overzicht van veelvoorkomende beoordelingseffecten ................................................................... 28
2.6 Type beoordelaar: wie beoordeelt? ..................................................................................................... 28
2.7 Type gespreksvorm .............................................................................................................................. 31
2.7.1 Gespreksvormen die gebruikt worden bij functioneringsgesprekken.............................................. 32
2.8 Prestatiemanagement in een impasse ................................................................................................ 35
2.8.1 Problemen ....................................................................................................................................... 35
2.8.2 Oplossingen ..................................................................................................................................... 36
2.9 Trends .................................................................................................................................................. 38
2.9.1 Informaticatechnologie ................................................................................................................... 38
2.9.2 Zoeken naar feedback en creatie van feedbackcultuur ................................................................... 38
2.9.3 Feedforward .................................................................................................................................... 38
3. Theoretische modellen over werkstress ................................................................................................ 40
3.1 Inleiding ............................................................................................................................................... 40
3.2 Person-environment fit model ............................................................................................................. 40
3.3 Demand-Control(-support) model ....................................................................................................... 41
3.4 Effort-Reward Imbalance Model (ERI-model) ...................................................................................... 43
3.5 Job Demands-Resources Model (JD-R Model) ..................................................................................... 44
3.6 Demand-Induced Strain Compensation Model (DISC-model) .............................................................. 45
2
, 4. Burn-out en bevlogenheid ..................................................................................................................... 48
4.1 Inleiding ............................................................................................................................................... 48
4.2 Definitie, symptomen en diagnose van burn-out................................................................................. 48
4.3 Mogelijke oorzaken, gevolgen en correlaten van burn-out ................................................................. 49
4.4 Verklaringen voor burn-out ................................................................................................................. 50
4.5 Interventies bij burn-out ...................................................................................................................... 51
4.6 Definitie en meting van bevlogenheid ................................................................................................. 51
4.7 Mogelijke oorzaken, gevolgen en correlaten van bevlogenheid ......................................................... 51
4.8 Verklaringen voor bevlogenheid .......................................................................................................... 53
4.9 Interventies bij bevlogenheid ............................................................................................................... 53
5. Van groepen naar teams ........................................................................................................................ 55
5.1 Waarom zijn teams zo populair geworden? ........................................................................................ 55
5.2 Verschil tussen teams en groepen ....................................................................................................... 55
5.3 Soorten teams...................................................................................................................................... 56
5.3.1 Probleemoplossende teams ............................................................................................................ 56
5.3.2 Zelfsturende teams .......................................................................................................................... 56
5.3.3 Crossfunctionele teams ................................................................................................................... 57
5.3.4 Virtuele teams ................................................................................................................................. 57
5.3.5 Multi-teamsystemen ....................................................................................................................... 57
5.4 Hoe creëer je effectieve teams? ........................................................................................................... 57
5.4.1 Contextuele factoren voor succesvolle teams ................................................................................. 58
5.4.2 Samenstelling van het team ............................................................................................................ 58
5.4.3 De invloed van procesvariabelen ..................................................................................................... 60
5.5 Toepassing in de organisatiepraktijk ................................................................................................... 61
5.5.1 Teams zijn niet altijd het juiste antwoord ....................................................................................... 61
5.5.2 Het ontwikkelen van teams ............................................................................................................. 62
6. Voorbeeld examenvragen ...................................................................................................................... 63
6.1 Januari 2022 ........................................................................................................................................ 63
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