Exam 2 Genitourinary Dysfunction
Review Questions and Correct Answers
The nurse is preparing a 3-year-old child for the examination of the urethra and taking a
urine sample. What strategy should the nurse use while preparing the child?
1
Demonstrate and explain the procedure on a doll.
2
Explain the urinary system and procedure to the child.
3
Show pictures of the urinary system and the procedure.
4
Ask the parents to explain the procedure to the child. ✅1
A 3-year-old child is too young to understand the procedure of examining the urinary
system. The nurse should explain the procedure by demonstrating it on a doll. This
should be done to eliminate fear in the child's mind before the examination. The child
will not be able to understand the anatomy of the urinary system; thus, the nurse should
not give a verbal explanation or show pictures of the urinary system. It is the nurse's
responsibility to prepare the child for the examination. The nurse should not ask the
parents to explain about the examination and the process of procuring the urine sample
to the child.
What is the most common of the postinfectious renal diseases in childhood?
1
Obstructive neuropathy
2
Nephrotic syndrome
3
Acute glomerulonephritis
4
Hemolytic uremic syndrome ✅3
Acute glomerulonephritis is the most common postinfectious renal disease in childhood
and the one for which a cause can be established in most cases. Wilms tumor is a
common malignant renal and intraabdominal tumor of childhood. Nephrotic syndrome is
a clinical state that includes massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and
edema. Hemolytic uremic syndrome is uncommon acute renal disease.
The nurse is educating an adolescent female about proper hygiene and necessary care
to prevent urinary tract infections. What should the nurse include in the teaching plan?
1
The importance of urinating two times a day
2
The importance of limiting water intake to 5 ounces a day
3
,The importance of wearing nylon underwear instead of cotton
4
The importance of wiping the perineum from the front to the back ✅4
The adolescent should clean the perineum in a front-to-back direction, because back-to-
front will increase the risk of infection. Holding urine in the bladder and voiding only
twice a day will increase the risk of urinary tract infections; the patient should void
whenever the bladder gets full. Proper hygiene and hydration help to prevent the risk of
urinary tract infections. The nurse should instruct the patient to drink as much water as
possible. The patient should avoid tight clothing, and wear cotton panties rather than
nylon.
A child presents to the pediatric office with incontinence and strong-smelling urine. For
what condition should the child be evaluated?
1
Sexual abuse
2
Nephritic syndrome
3
Urinary tract infection
4
Structural defect of the urinary tract ✅3
A child who exhibits clinical symptoms of incontinence and strong-smelling urine should
be evaluated for a urinary tract infection. Incontinence and strong-smelling urine are not
associated with sexual abuse, nephritic syndrome, or structural defects of the urinary
tract.
The intravenous pyelogram results of the patient indicate a urinary obstruction. Which
treatment will be beneficial for the patient?
1
Orchiopexy
2
Circumcision
3
Nephrostomy
4
Renal transplantation ✅3
A nephrostomy is an artificial opening created between the kidney and the skin. The
tube passes through the flank into the pelvis of the kidney, which allows for urinary
diversion directly from the pelvis into an ostomy bag. Orchiopexy is a surgical treatment
which helps in descending the testis through inguinal canal. Circumcision is treatment
which helps to retract the foreskin and helps in voiding. The patient with chronic renal
failure is a more likely candidate for kidney transplant.
A child is receiving cyclosporine after a kidney transplant. The child's parents ask the
nurse the reason for the cyclosporine. What is the nurse's best response?
1
, Decrease pain
2
Boost immunity
3
Suppress rejection
4
Improve circulation to the kidney ✅3
Cyclosporine is given to suppress rejection. Cyclosporine does not decrease pain, boost
immunity, or improve circulation.
Test-Taking Tip: Multiple-choice questions can be challenging, because students think
that they will recognize the right answer when they see it or that the right answer will
somehow stand out from the other choices. This is a dangerous misconception. The
more carefully the question is constructed, the more each of the choices will seem like
the correct response.
The nurse is caring for a child with minimal-change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS). Which
nursing intervention in the plan of care is most important?
1
Providing adequate skin care
2
Keeping the child warm and dry
3
Monitoring fluid retention continuously
4
Formulating a nutritionally adequate diet ✅3
When caring for the child with MCNS, the nurse should monitor the child continuously
for fluid retention and excretion. MCNS is characterized by proteinuria higher than 2+ on
urine dipstick. Strict intake and output records are essential to determine filtration by the
glomerulus. Application of collection bags is irritating to edematous skin that is readily
subject to breakdown. The nurse should provide adequate skin care. Infection is a
constant source of danger to edematous children and those receiving corticosteroid
therapies. These children are particularly vulnerable to upper respiratory tract infection;
therefore, they must be kept warm and dry, active, and protected from contact with
infected individuals. Loss of appetite accompanies active nephrosis. The combined
efforts of nurse, dietician, parents, and child are needed to formulate a nutritionally
adequate and attractive diet
What accounts for the increased incidence of bacteriuria in females?
1
Lower urinary tract
2
Higher urinary tract
3
Higher intake of fluids
4
Review Questions and Correct Answers
The nurse is preparing a 3-year-old child for the examination of the urethra and taking a
urine sample. What strategy should the nurse use while preparing the child?
1
Demonstrate and explain the procedure on a doll.
2
Explain the urinary system and procedure to the child.
3
Show pictures of the urinary system and the procedure.
4
Ask the parents to explain the procedure to the child. ✅1
A 3-year-old child is too young to understand the procedure of examining the urinary
system. The nurse should explain the procedure by demonstrating it on a doll. This
should be done to eliminate fear in the child's mind before the examination. The child
will not be able to understand the anatomy of the urinary system; thus, the nurse should
not give a verbal explanation or show pictures of the urinary system. It is the nurse's
responsibility to prepare the child for the examination. The nurse should not ask the
parents to explain about the examination and the process of procuring the urine sample
to the child.
What is the most common of the postinfectious renal diseases in childhood?
1
Obstructive neuropathy
2
Nephrotic syndrome
3
Acute glomerulonephritis
4
Hemolytic uremic syndrome ✅3
Acute glomerulonephritis is the most common postinfectious renal disease in childhood
and the one for which a cause can be established in most cases. Wilms tumor is a
common malignant renal and intraabdominal tumor of childhood. Nephrotic syndrome is
a clinical state that includes massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and
edema. Hemolytic uremic syndrome is uncommon acute renal disease.
The nurse is educating an adolescent female about proper hygiene and necessary care
to prevent urinary tract infections. What should the nurse include in the teaching plan?
1
The importance of urinating two times a day
2
The importance of limiting water intake to 5 ounces a day
3
,The importance of wearing nylon underwear instead of cotton
4
The importance of wiping the perineum from the front to the back ✅4
The adolescent should clean the perineum in a front-to-back direction, because back-to-
front will increase the risk of infection. Holding urine in the bladder and voiding only
twice a day will increase the risk of urinary tract infections; the patient should void
whenever the bladder gets full. Proper hygiene and hydration help to prevent the risk of
urinary tract infections. The nurse should instruct the patient to drink as much water as
possible. The patient should avoid tight clothing, and wear cotton panties rather than
nylon.
A child presents to the pediatric office with incontinence and strong-smelling urine. For
what condition should the child be evaluated?
1
Sexual abuse
2
Nephritic syndrome
3
Urinary tract infection
4
Structural defect of the urinary tract ✅3
A child who exhibits clinical symptoms of incontinence and strong-smelling urine should
be evaluated for a urinary tract infection. Incontinence and strong-smelling urine are not
associated with sexual abuse, nephritic syndrome, or structural defects of the urinary
tract.
The intravenous pyelogram results of the patient indicate a urinary obstruction. Which
treatment will be beneficial for the patient?
1
Orchiopexy
2
Circumcision
3
Nephrostomy
4
Renal transplantation ✅3
A nephrostomy is an artificial opening created between the kidney and the skin. The
tube passes through the flank into the pelvis of the kidney, which allows for urinary
diversion directly from the pelvis into an ostomy bag. Orchiopexy is a surgical treatment
which helps in descending the testis through inguinal canal. Circumcision is treatment
which helps to retract the foreskin and helps in voiding. The patient with chronic renal
failure is a more likely candidate for kidney transplant.
A child is receiving cyclosporine after a kidney transplant. The child's parents ask the
nurse the reason for the cyclosporine. What is the nurse's best response?
1
, Decrease pain
2
Boost immunity
3
Suppress rejection
4
Improve circulation to the kidney ✅3
Cyclosporine is given to suppress rejection. Cyclosporine does not decrease pain, boost
immunity, or improve circulation.
Test-Taking Tip: Multiple-choice questions can be challenging, because students think
that they will recognize the right answer when they see it or that the right answer will
somehow stand out from the other choices. This is a dangerous misconception. The
more carefully the question is constructed, the more each of the choices will seem like
the correct response.
The nurse is caring for a child with minimal-change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS). Which
nursing intervention in the plan of care is most important?
1
Providing adequate skin care
2
Keeping the child warm and dry
3
Monitoring fluid retention continuously
4
Formulating a nutritionally adequate diet ✅3
When caring for the child with MCNS, the nurse should monitor the child continuously
for fluid retention and excretion. MCNS is characterized by proteinuria higher than 2+ on
urine dipstick. Strict intake and output records are essential to determine filtration by the
glomerulus. Application of collection bags is irritating to edematous skin that is readily
subject to breakdown. The nurse should provide adequate skin care. Infection is a
constant source of danger to edematous children and those receiving corticosteroid
therapies. These children are particularly vulnerable to upper respiratory tract infection;
therefore, they must be kept warm and dry, active, and protected from contact with
infected individuals. Loss of appetite accompanies active nephrosis. The combined
efforts of nurse, dietician, parents, and child are needed to formulate a nutritionally
adequate and attractive diet
What accounts for the increased incidence of bacteriuria in females?
1
Lower urinary tract
2
Higher urinary tract
3
Higher intake of fluids
4
