S.O.S EXAM GUIDE QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE ANSWERS
Seismic waves - answer-vibrations that travel through earth carrying the energy
released during an earthquake.
Pressure - answer-the force exerted on a surface divided by the total alrea over which
the force is exerted.
Crust - answer-the layer of rock that forms earth's outer surface.
Basalt - answer-a dark, dense, igneous rock with a fine texture, found in oceanic crust.
Granite - answer-a usually light colored igneous rock that is found in continental crust.
Lithosphere - answer-a rigid layer made of the uppermost part of the mantle and the
crust.
Asthenosphere - answer-the soft layer of the mantle on which the lithosphere floats.
Outer core - answer-a layer of molten iron and nickel that surrounds the inner core.
Inner core - answer-a dense sphere of solid iron and nickel at earth's center.
Radiation - answer-the direct transfer of energy through space by electromagnetic
waves.
Conduction - answer-the direct transfer of heat (thermal energy) from one substance to
another that is touching.
Convection - answer-the transfer of thermal energy (heat energy) by the movement of a
fluid.
Density - answer-the amount of mass of a substance in a givin volume.
Convection current - answer-the movement of a fluid, caused by differences in
temperature, that transfers heat from one part of the fluid (gas or liquid) to another.
Mantle - answer-the layer of hot, solid material between earth's crust and core.
Continental drift - answer-the hypothesis that the continents slowly move across earth's
surface.
Pangaea - answer-the name of the single landmass that broke apart 300 million years
ago and gave rise to today's continents.
COMPLETE ANSWERS
Seismic waves - answer-vibrations that travel through earth carrying the energy
released during an earthquake.
Pressure - answer-the force exerted on a surface divided by the total alrea over which
the force is exerted.
Crust - answer-the layer of rock that forms earth's outer surface.
Basalt - answer-a dark, dense, igneous rock with a fine texture, found in oceanic crust.
Granite - answer-a usually light colored igneous rock that is found in continental crust.
Lithosphere - answer-a rigid layer made of the uppermost part of the mantle and the
crust.
Asthenosphere - answer-the soft layer of the mantle on which the lithosphere floats.
Outer core - answer-a layer of molten iron and nickel that surrounds the inner core.
Inner core - answer-a dense sphere of solid iron and nickel at earth's center.
Radiation - answer-the direct transfer of energy through space by electromagnetic
waves.
Conduction - answer-the direct transfer of heat (thermal energy) from one substance to
another that is touching.
Convection - answer-the transfer of thermal energy (heat energy) by the movement of a
fluid.
Density - answer-the amount of mass of a substance in a givin volume.
Convection current - answer-the movement of a fluid, caused by differences in
temperature, that transfers heat from one part of the fluid (gas or liquid) to another.
Mantle - answer-the layer of hot, solid material between earth's crust and core.
Continental drift - answer-the hypothesis that the continents slowly move across earth's
surface.
Pangaea - answer-the name of the single landmass that broke apart 300 million years
ago and gave rise to today's continents.
