SLCC Pathophysiology Exam 4 Questions
and Answers (Latest Update 2024)
Azotemia - Correct Answer ✅presence of urea or other
nitrogenous compounds in the blood
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) - Correct Answer
✅backflow of gastric juices from the stomach to enter the
esophagus. DO NOT IGNORE HEARTBURN - it can lead to
throat cancer
S/S Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) - Correct
Answer ✅Pain is worse when lying down or bending over.
Patients will complain of having to sleep in a recliner or with
the head of the bed elevated to relieve the pain.
NOTE: Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease - Correct Answer
✅This pain can mimic a heart attack because the stomach is
so close to the heart - or - patients with heart problems tell
themselves they are just "having heartburn" and delay going
to the ER for a cardiac workup. Teach patients not to assume
their chest pain is heartburn!
Rx Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) - Correct
Answer ✅Stop Smoking and avoid 2nd hand smoke
,SLCC Pathophysiology Exam 4 Questions
and Answers (Latest Update 2024)
(increases gastric irritation and causes vasoconstriction which
decreases healing); stop caffeine; check for gluten
intolerance; Acid-suppressing medications.
cardiac cocktail
pain is worse when the patient lies down
Hiatal Hernia - Correct Answer ✅Expansion of esophagus
diaphragm pre-spincter that can become filled with stomach
acid. Px
Hiatal Hernia Risk Factors - Correct Answer ✅Pregnancy
Age
Weightlifting while holding breath
habitual vomiting
PUD - Correct Answer ✅Peptic Ulcer Disease
Px epigastric
H. pylori bacteria (specific for ulcers)
Px starts 2 hrs. after eating (PUD not gallbladder)
Cured ABX and Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI)
,SLCC Pathophysiology Exam 4 Questions
and Answers (Latest Update 2024)
H. Pylori - Correct Answer ✅common bacteria found in
ulcers
Upper Gastric Internal Bleeding (UGIB) - Correct Answer
✅Hematemesis-Frank bleed
Black "coffee grounds" vomitus -ulcer gastric bleeding
Lower Gastric Internal Bleed (LGIB) - Correct Answer
✅Occult Blood- hidden blood (Fecal chemical paper change)
Melena- Larger amount of digested blood + smell
Hematochezia-Frank Bleed-hemroids
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) - Correct Answer ✅*NO
DAMAGE* to intestine -->Px
abnormalities:
psychosocial
Motility
sensory
CNS processing
, SLCC Pathophysiology Exam 4 Questions
and Answers (Latest Update 2024)
Inflammatory Bowel Disease - Correct Answer ✅Crohns-
Anywhere intestines. Skip lesions involve all layers
Ulcerative Colitis-Erosion of lining of large colon and rectum
in the mucosal layer-->Toxic Megacolon
S/S Crohns - Correct Answer ✅Abdominal Px
Tenderness
Nausea/Vomiting
Severe Diarrhea
Low Grade fever
Bloody Stools -->Anemia
Severe malabsorption-->Weight Loss
Dehydration-->Electrolyte imbalance
Fistulas - Correct Answer ✅tunneling into different areas
Cirrhosis of the Liver - Correct Answer ✅clogged hepatic
portal vein can cause back in the veins leading to portal
and Answers (Latest Update 2024)
Azotemia - Correct Answer ✅presence of urea or other
nitrogenous compounds in the blood
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) - Correct Answer
✅backflow of gastric juices from the stomach to enter the
esophagus. DO NOT IGNORE HEARTBURN - it can lead to
throat cancer
S/S Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) - Correct
Answer ✅Pain is worse when lying down or bending over.
Patients will complain of having to sleep in a recliner or with
the head of the bed elevated to relieve the pain.
NOTE: Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease - Correct Answer
✅This pain can mimic a heart attack because the stomach is
so close to the heart - or - patients with heart problems tell
themselves they are just "having heartburn" and delay going
to the ER for a cardiac workup. Teach patients not to assume
their chest pain is heartburn!
Rx Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) - Correct
Answer ✅Stop Smoking and avoid 2nd hand smoke
,SLCC Pathophysiology Exam 4 Questions
and Answers (Latest Update 2024)
(increases gastric irritation and causes vasoconstriction which
decreases healing); stop caffeine; check for gluten
intolerance; Acid-suppressing medications.
cardiac cocktail
pain is worse when the patient lies down
Hiatal Hernia - Correct Answer ✅Expansion of esophagus
diaphragm pre-spincter that can become filled with stomach
acid. Px
Hiatal Hernia Risk Factors - Correct Answer ✅Pregnancy
Age
Weightlifting while holding breath
habitual vomiting
PUD - Correct Answer ✅Peptic Ulcer Disease
Px epigastric
H. pylori bacteria (specific for ulcers)
Px starts 2 hrs. after eating (PUD not gallbladder)
Cured ABX and Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI)
,SLCC Pathophysiology Exam 4 Questions
and Answers (Latest Update 2024)
H. Pylori - Correct Answer ✅common bacteria found in
ulcers
Upper Gastric Internal Bleeding (UGIB) - Correct Answer
✅Hematemesis-Frank bleed
Black "coffee grounds" vomitus -ulcer gastric bleeding
Lower Gastric Internal Bleed (LGIB) - Correct Answer
✅Occult Blood- hidden blood (Fecal chemical paper change)
Melena- Larger amount of digested blood + smell
Hematochezia-Frank Bleed-hemroids
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) - Correct Answer ✅*NO
DAMAGE* to intestine -->Px
abnormalities:
psychosocial
Motility
sensory
CNS processing
, SLCC Pathophysiology Exam 4 Questions
and Answers (Latest Update 2024)
Inflammatory Bowel Disease - Correct Answer ✅Crohns-
Anywhere intestines. Skip lesions involve all layers
Ulcerative Colitis-Erosion of lining of large colon and rectum
in the mucosal layer-->Toxic Megacolon
S/S Crohns - Correct Answer ✅Abdominal Px
Tenderness
Nausea/Vomiting
Severe Diarrhea
Low Grade fever
Bloody Stools -->Anemia
Severe malabsorption-->Weight Loss
Dehydration-->Electrolyte imbalance
Fistulas - Correct Answer ✅tunneling into different areas
Cirrhosis of the Liver - Correct Answer ✅clogged hepatic
portal vein can cause back in the veins leading to portal
