TCDHA MICROBIOLOGY REVIEW MIDTERM
EXAM LATEST UPDATE
Which four little living forms are there? - ANSWER 1. Infection
2. Microbes
3. fungus (yeast, molds)
4. Protozoa
5. Algae
Which of the several subfields of microbiology are there? - ANSWER 1.
The study of bacteria
2. Mycological
3. The study of protozoa
4. Virology
What is Bacterial Science? - REPLY bacterium
What is fungal science? - REPLY mycology
Immunology: What is it? Knowledge of the immune system, which
strengthens our understanding of how vaccinations might prevent
disease, and the body's inherent defenses against infection
What actions took Girolamo Francastoro? The existence of "tiny living
particles that cause "catching"" (contagious) sickness was
acknowledged.
- transmitted by direct human interaction and indirect object contact
What did Antoni van Leeuwenhoek do? ANSWER: He observed living
microorganisms under a microscope that he dubbed "animalcules."
- Bacteria were found
first to observe a microorganism
What did Edward Jenner accomplish? ANSWER: He developed the
cowpox vaccination, which is a small pox vaccine.
,- credited for creating the idea of vaccination
Louis Pasteur invented pasteurization, as the question would have it.
- prevented bacterial growth in grape juice by heating it, saving the wine
business.
Utilizing heat to eliminate both resistant bacterial spores and vegetative
bacteria
- found that germs caused diseases like cholera and anthrax.
- developed the first cholera, anthrax, and rabies vaccines.
John Tyndall discovered tyndallization. What did he do?
We found that bacteria must be heated for a long time to be destroyed.
Which two types of bacteria are there? ANSWER: heat stable
Sensitive to heat
How does tyndallization work? - ANSWER: Apply prolonged, sporadic
heat to kill heat-sensitive or heat-stable microorganisms.
What was the work of Ferdinand Cohn? ANSWER identified endospores
Endospores are a type of bacteria that are dormant and have increased
resilience to heat, staining, and disinfection.
What action did Joseph Lister take? ANSWER: He identified the function
of airborne microbes.
found that phenols, or carbolic acid, can prevent airborne mo
What accomplished Christian Gram? ANSWER created the gram stain.
What does gram staining entail? ANSWER: It identifies variations in the
cell membrane
Gram positive and Gram negative are two separate categories.
What did Ignaz Semmelweis accomplish? - ANSWER He understood
the value of cleaning your hands
, ANSWER penicillin is the discovery made by Sir Alexander Fleming.
ANSWER: Wendell Stanley invented the electron microscope.
What action did Robert Koch take? ANSWER discovered the bacteria
that causes cholera, anthrax, and tuberculosis.
ANSWER: Primitive cells. What are prokaryotic cells?
Absence of interior membrane
Not a nucleus
What constitutes bacteria? - PROKARYOTE
ANSWER Complex cells: What are eukaryotic cells?
INTERnal membranes
possess a nucleus
To which class do algae, fungus, plants, animals, and protozoa belong?
- ANSWER Eukaryote
What are flagella? - ANSWER A whip-like, long, thin structure that aids
in the movement of organisms
ANSWER brief surface projections that aid in attaching prokaryotes to
surfaces are called fimbriae and pili.
What is the ANSWER barrier that divides a cell's interior from its external
surroundings called the cytoplasmic membrane?
controls the amount of molecules that enter or exit.
ANSWER interior folds of the cell membrane in the cytoplasm; what are
mesosomes?
most commonly seen in gram-positive bacteria
What is the fluid inside a cell called cytoplasm?
EXAM LATEST UPDATE
Which four little living forms are there? - ANSWER 1. Infection
2. Microbes
3. fungus (yeast, molds)
4. Protozoa
5. Algae
Which of the several subfields of microbiology are there? - ANSWER 1.
The study of bacteria
2. Mycological
3. The study of protozoa
4. Virology
What is Bacterial Science? - REPLY bacterium
What is fungal science? - REPLY mycology
Immunology: What is it? Knowledge of the immune system, which
strengthens our understanding of how vaccinations might prevent
disease, and the body's inherent defenses against infection
What actions took Girolamo Francastoro? The existence of "tiny living
particles that cause "catching"" (contagious) sickness was
acknowledged.
- transmitted by direct human interaction and indirect object contact
What did Antoni van Leeuwenhoek do? ANSWER: He observed living
microorganisms under a microscope that he dubbed "animalcules."
- Bacteria were found
first to observe a microorganism
What did Edward Jenner accomplish? ANSWER: He developed the
cowpox vaccination, which is a small pox vaccine.
,- credited for creating the idea of vaccination
Louis Pasteur invented pasteurization, as the question would have it.
- prevented bacterial growth in grape juice by heating it, saving the wine
business.
Utilizing heat to eliminate both resistant bacterial spores and vegetative
bacteria
- found that germs caused diseases like cholera and anthrax.
- developed the first cholera, anthrax, and rabies vaccines.
John Tyndall discovered tyndallization. What did he do?
We found that bacteria must be heated for a long time to be destroyed.
Which two types of bacteria are there? ANSWER: heat stable
Sensitive to heat
How does tyndallization work? - ANSWER: Apply prolonged, sporadic
heat to kill heat-sensitive or heat-stable microorganisms.
What was the work of Ferdinand Cohn? ANSWER identified endospores
Endospores are a type of bacteria that are dormant and have increased
resilience to heat, staining, and disinfection.
What action did Joseph Lister take? ANSWER: He identified the function
of airborne microbes.
found that phenols, or carbolic acid, can prevent airborne mo
What accomplished Christian Gram? ANSWER created the gram stain.
What does gram staining entail? ANSWER: It identifies variations in the
cell membrane
Gram positive and Gram negative are two separate categories.
What did Ignaz Semmelweis accomplish? - ANSWER He understood
the value of cleaning your hands
, ANSWER penicillin is the discovery made by Sir Alexander Fleming.
ANSWER: Wendell Stanley invented the electron microscope.
What action did Robert Koch take? ANSWER discovered the bacteria
that causes cholera, anthrax, and tuberculosis.
ANSWER: Primitive cells. What are prokaryotic cells?
Absence of interior membrane
Not a nucleus
What constitutes bacteria? - PROKARYOTE
ANSWER Complex cells: What are eukaryotic cells?
INTERnal membranes
possess a nucleus
To which class do algae, fungus, plants, animals, and protozoa belong?
- ANSWER Eukaryote
What are flagella? - ANSWER A whip-like, long, thin structure that aids
in the movement of organisms
ANSWER brief surface projections that aid in attaching prokaryotes to
surfaces are called fimbriae and pili.
What is the ANSWER barrier that divides a cell's interior from its external
surroundings called the cytoplasmic membrane?
controls the amount of molecules that enter or exit.
ANSWER interior folds of the cell membrane in the cytoplasm; what are
mesosomes?
most commonly seen in gram-positive bacteria
What is the fluid inside a cell called cytoplasm?
