NREMT COGNITIVE EXAM PREP EXAM LATEST
2024 UPDATE WITH RELEVANT HIGHLY
PREDICTED EXAM WHICH HAS CORRECT
ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED A+
Where does the modern EMS system have its origin? ✔ - The modern EMS
system has its origins in funeral homes, which often operated ambulances.
However, funeral home operators were often serving competing business interests
and patients received little trained care until the hospital.
What is considered the "birth" of EMS? ✔ - In 1966, a paper titled
"Accidental Death and Disability: The Neglected Disease of Modern Society" is
published by the National Academy of Sciences. This paper is widely known in the
EMS profession as the White Paper. The White Paper is widely considered the
birth of modern EMS. It spotlighted inadequacies of prehospital care in the United
States, particularly related to trauma.
Who developed the first EMT National Standard Curriculum? ✔ - Early in the
1970s, the US Department of Transportation developed the first EMT National
Standard Curriculum.
What are the levels of EMS training? ✔ - Emergency Medical Responder
(EMR): provides basic, immediate care including bleeding control, CPR, AED and
emergency childbirth.
Emergency Medical Technician (EMT): includes all EMR skills, advanced oxygen
and ventilation skills, pulse oximetry, noninvasive blood pressure monitoring, and
administration of certain medications.
Advanced Emergency Medical Technician (AEMT): includes all EMT skills,
advanced airway devices, intravenous and intraosseous access, blood glucose
monitoring, and administration of additional medications.
,Paramedic: includes all preceding training levels, advanced assessment and
management skills, various invasive skills, and extensive pharmacology
interventions. This is the highest level of prehospital care outlined in the National
EMS Education Standards.
What are EMT roles and responsibilities? ✔ - Equipment preparedness
Emergency vehicle operations
Establish, maintain scene safety
Patient assessment and treatment
Lifting and moving
Strong verbal and written communication skills
Patient advocacy
Professional development
Quality improvement
Illness and injury prevention
Maintain certification/licensure
What is the role of the medical director? ✔ - The medical director is a
physician responsible for providing medical oversight. The medical director
oversees quality improvement.
What are the two types of medical direction? ✔ - Online medical direction:
direct contact between the physician and EMT via or radio.
Offline medical direction: written guidelines and protocols.
What is an EMT's first priority? ✔ - The EMT's first priority is always his or
her own safety. Scene safety is always the top priority!
The EMT's safety priorities after personal safety are for his/her partner(s), patients
and bystanders.
,What are the types of stress? ✔ - Acute stress: an immediate physiological
and psychological reaction to a specific event.
Delayed stress: a stress reaction that develops after the stressful event. It does not
interfere with the EMT's ability to perform during the stressful event. PTSD is an
example of delayed stress.
Cumulative stress: the result of exposure to stressful situations over a prolonged
period of time.
What are the stages of grief? ✔ - Denial
Anger
Bargaining
Depression
Acceptance
How can you prevent the risk of infection? ✔ - Immediately report
exposures to the designated infection control officer.
Handwashing is the single most important way to prevent the spread of infection.
Hand sanitizers can be effective, but soap and water is preferred when available.
What are the two types of PPE? ✔ - Minimum PPE: gloves and eye
protection should be used during any patient contact situation.
Expanded PPE: use disposable gown and mask for significant contact with any
body fluid--for example, during childbirth. Use a high-efficiency particulate air
(HEPA) mask o N-95 respirator for suspected airborne disease exposure, such as
tuberculosis.
What are emergency moves? ✔ - These are used when the scene is
dangerous and the patient must be moved before providing patient care. Types of
, emergency moves include the armpit-forearm drag, shirt drag, and blanket drag.
What is an urgent move? ✔ - Used when the patient has potentially life-
threatening injuries or illness and must be moved quickly for evaluation and
transport.
Rapid extrication: an urgent move used for patients in a motor vehicle; it requires
multiple rescuers and a long backboard. The patient is rotated onto a backboard
with manual cervical spine precautions and removed from the vehicle.
What are non-urgent moves? ✔ - Used when there are no hazards and no
life-threatening conditions are apparent.
Types of non-urgent moves include direct ground lift, extremity lift, direct carry
method, and draw sheet method.
What is the log roll technique? ✔ - Commonly used to place a patient on a
backboard or assess the posterior.
Can be done while maintaining manual cervical spine precautions.
Should have at least three trained personnel. The person controlling manual
cervical spine protection should direct the log roll.
What are special considerations for bariatric patients? ✔ - Obese patients
pose additional challenges and risks to providers during lifting and movement.
Some EMS systems have special bariatric ambulances with specialized equipment,
automated lifting systems, and wider stretchers capable of a greater weight
capacity.
What is supine hypotensive syndrome? ✔ - Patients in the later stages of
pregnancy should not be placed supine due to the risk of supine hypotensive
syndrome. Place the pregnant patient on her left side. If patient has potential
cervical spine trauma, tilt backboard to the left about 20 degrees.
When can patients be restrained? ✔ - In general, patients may be forcibly
restrained if they pose a significant, immediate threat to you, your partner, or
others.
2024 UPDATE WITH RELEVANT HIGHLY
PREDICTED EXAM WHICH HAS CORRECT
ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED A+
Where does the modern EMS system have its origin? ✔ - The modern EMS
system has its origins in funeral homes, which often operated ambulances.
However, funeral home operators were often serving competing business interests
and patients received little trained care until the hospital.
What is considered the "birth" of EMS? ✔ - In 1966, a paper titled
"Accidental Death and Disability: The Neglected Disease of Modern Society" is
published by the National Academy of Sciences. This paper is widely known in the
EMS profession as the White Paper. The White Paper is widely considered the
birth of modern EMS. It spotlighted inadequacies of prehospital care in the United
States, particularly related to trauma.
Who developed the first EMT National Standard Curriculum? ✔ - Early in the
1970s, the US Department of Transportation developed the first EMT National
Standard Curriculum.
What are the levels of EMS training? ✔ - Emergency Medical Responder
(EMR): provides basic, immediate care including bleeding control, CPR, AED and
emergency childbirth.
Emergency Medical Technician (EMT): includes all EMR skills, advanced oxygen
and ventilation skills, pulse oximetry, noninvasive blood pressure monitoring, and
administration of certain medications.
Advanced Emergency Medical Technician (AEMT): includes all EMT skills,
advanced airway devices, intravenous and intraosseous access, blood glucose
monitoring, and administration of additional medications.
,Paramedic: includes all preceding training levels, advanced assessment and
management skills, various invasive skills, and extensive pharmacology
interventions. This is the highest level of prehospital care outlined in the National
EMS Education Standards.
What are EMT roles and responsibilities? ✔ - Equipment preparedness
Emergency vehicle operations
Establish, maintain scene safety
Patient assessment and treatment
Lifting and moving
Strong verbal and written communication skills
Patient advocacy
Professional development
Quality improvement
Illness and injury prevention
Maintain certification/licensure
What is the role of the medical director? ✔ - The medical director is a
physician responsible for providing medical oversight. The medical director
oversees quality improvement.
What are the two types of medical direction? ✔ - Online medical direction:
direct contact between the physician and EMT via or radio.
Offline medical direction: written guidelines and protocols.
What is an EMT's first priority? ✔ - The EMT's first priority is always his or
her own safety. Scene safety is always the top priority!
The EMT's safety priorities after personal safety are for his/her partner(s), patients
and bystanders.
,What are the types of stress? ✔ - Acute stress: an immediate physiological
and psychological reaction to a specific event.
Delayed stress: a stress reaction that develops after the stressful event. It does not
interfere with the EMT's ability to perform during the stressful event. PTSD is an
example of delayed stress.
Cumulative stress: the result of exposure to stressful situations over a prolonged
period of time.
What are the stages of grief? ✔ - Denial
Anger
Bargaining
Depression
Acceptance
How can you prevent the risk of infection? ✔ - Immediately report
exposures to the designated infection control officer.
Handwashing is the single most important way to prevent the spread of infection.
Hand sanitizers can be effective, but soap and water is preferred when available.
What are the two types of PPE? ✔ - Minimum PPE: gloves and eye
protection should be used during any patient contact situation.
Expanded PPE: use disposable gown and mask for significant contact with any
body fluid--for example, during childbirth. Use a high-efficiency particulate air
(HEPA) mask o N-95 respirator for suspected airborne disease exposure, such as
tuberculosis.
What are emergency moves? ✔ - These are used when the scene is
dangerous and the patient must be moved before providing patient care. Types of
, emergency moves include the armpit-forearm drag, shirt drag, and blanket drag.
What is an urgent move? ✔ - Used when the patient has potentially life-
threatening injuries or illness and must be moved quickly for evaluation and
transport.
Rapid extrication: an urgent move used for patients in a motor vehicle; it requires
multiple rescuers and a long backboard. The patient is rotated onto a backboard
with manual cervical spine precautions and removed from the vehicle.
What are non-urgent moves? ✔ - Used when there are no hazards and no
life-threatening conditions are apparent.
Types of non-urgent moves include direct ground lift, extremity lift, direct carry
method, and draw sheet method.
What is the log roll technique? ✔ - Commonly used to place a patient on a
backboard or assess the posterior.
Can be done while maintaining manual cervical spine precautions.
Should have at least three trained personnel. The person controlling manual
cervical spine protection should direct the log roll.
What are special considerations for bariatric patients? ✔ - Obese patients
pose additional challenges and risks to providers during lifting and movement.
Some EMS systems have special bariatric ambulances with specialized equipment,
automated lifting systems, and wider stretchers capable of a greater weight
capacity.
What is supine hypotensive syndrome? ✔ - Patients in the later stages of
pregnancy should not be placed supine due to the risk of supine hypotensive
syndrome. Place the pregnant patient on her left side. If patient has potential
cervical spine trauma, tilt backboard to the left about 20 degrees.
When can patients be restrained? ✔ - In general, patients may be forcibly
restrained if they pose a significant, immediate threat to you, your partner, or
others.
