NURS 5315 GI MODULE 9, EXAM 5 with Correct Solutions 2024

NURS 5315 GI MODULE 9, EXAM 5 with Correct Solutions 2024 Upper GI organs - Answer -mouth,pharynx, esophagus, stomach, and duodenum Lower GI organs - Answer -small intestine, large intestine, rectum and anus Hepatoportal circulation - Answer -hepatic artery receives oxygenated blood from the inferior mesenteric, gastric, and cystic veins. The hepatic portal vein receives deoxygenated blood from the inferior and superior mesenteric vein and splenic vein and delivers nutrients that have been absorbed from the intestinal system Osmotic diarrhea - Answer -Caused by the presence of a nonabsorbable substance in the intestines. This pulls water by osmosis into the intestinal lumen and results in large volume diarrhea. This is how mag citrate, lactulose and miralax work. Causes include: excessive ingestion of nonabsorbable sugars, tube feedings, dumping syndrome, malabsorption, pancreatic enzyme deficiency, bile salt deficiency, small intestine bacterial overgrowth or celiac disease Secretory diarrhea - Answer -Results in large volume losses secondary to infectious causes such as rotavirus, bacterial enterotoxins, or c-diff. Motility diarrhea - Answer -AKA short bowel syndrome. Results from resection of small intestine or surgical bypass of small intestine, IBS, diabetic neuropathy, hyperthyroidism, and laxative abuse. Fatty stools and bloating are common in malabsorption syndrome. Complications include: dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, metabolic acidosis, weight loss and malabsorption. Upper GI bleed - Answer -bleeding that occurs in the esophagus, stomach or duodenum commonly caused by bleeding varices, peptic ulcers or Mallory-Weiss tear(tearing of esophagus from stomach) Characterized by frank, bright red or coffee ground emesis. Lower GI bleed - Answer -Bleeding in the jejunum, ileum, colon or rectum from inflammatory bowel disease, cancer, diverticula or hemorrhoids. Hematochezia, or the presence of bright red blood in the stools, suggest what kind of bleed Peptic Ulcer Disease - Answer -Is a break in the integrity of the mucosa of the esophagus, stomach or duodenum resulting in exposure of the tissue to gastric acid. Risk factors include smoking, advanced age, NSAID use, ETOH, chronic disease, acute pancreatitis, COPD, obesity, socioeconomic status, gastrinoma, and infection with Helicobacter pylori. S&S: Epigastric pain is wor