,INHOUD
Deeltjesmodel ..........................................................................................................4
Atoombouw ..........................................................................................................4
Atoommodel van Bohr-Sommerfield ..........................................................................4
Orbitalen ...........................................................................................................4
Kwantumgetallen .................................................................................................5
Uitsluitingsprincipe van Pauli ..................................................................................5
Regel van Hund ...................................................................................................5
Structuur elektronenmantel ....................................................................................6
Diagonaalregel ....................................................................................................6
Verband elektonenconfiguratie en opbouw PSE ............................................................6
Elektronenconfiguratie ..........................................................................................7
Valentie-elektronen .............................................................................................7
Grootte atomen in PSE ..........................................................................................7
Isotopen ............................................................................................................7
Structuur van moleculen ...........................................................................................8
Atoombinding (=covalente binding) vs. ionbinding: elektronegatieve waarde ........................8
Bindingen ..........................................................................................................8
Lewisstructuur (valentie-elektronen).........................................................................9
Formele lading ....................................................................................................9
Mesomerie .........................................................................................................9
Sterisch getal (=SG) ..............................................................................................9
Hybridisatietypes ............................................................................................... 10
Intermoleculaire krachten en polariteit ...................................................................... 11
Intermoleculaire krachten .................................................................................... 11
Smelt- en kookpunt ............................................................................................ 11
Polariteit ......................................................................................................... 12
Chemisch rekenen ................................................................................................... 12
Normomstandigheden ......................................................................................... 12
Molair gasvolume ............................................................................................... 12
Gaswet ........................................................................................................... 12
Massaconcentratie ............................................................................................. 12
Molaire concentratie .......................................................................................... 13
Massaprocent.................................................................................................... 13
Volumeprocent ................................................................................................. 13
Massa/volumeprocent ......................................................................................... 13
Ppm (parts per million) ....................................................................................... 13
Ppb (parts per Billion) ......................................................................................... 14
pag. 1
, Overmaat ........................................................................................................ 14
Limiterend reagens ............................................................................................ 14
Omzettingen .................................................................................................... 14
Thermodynamica .................................................................................................... 15
Energiediagram ................................................................................................. 15
Enthalpie......................................................................................................... 16
Entropie .......................................................................................................... 16
Vrije energie en spontane reacties ......................................................................... 17
Wet van Hess .................................................................................................... 17
Reactiesnelheid ...................................................................................................... 17
Activeringsenergie ............................................................................................. 17
Invloedsfactoren ................................................................................................ 17
Snelheidsvergelijking .......................................................................................... 17
Orde van de reactie............................................................................................ 17
Chemisch evenwicht ................................................................................................ 18
Evenwichtsreactie .............................................................................................. 18
Aflopende reacties ............................................................................................. 18
Dynamisch evenwicht.......................................................................................... 18
Evenwichtsconstante K ........................................................................................ 18
Invloedsfactoren (le Châtelier) .............................................................................. 19
Zuur-base reacties ................................................................................................... 19
Brønsted ......................................................................................................... 19
Amfolyt........................................................................................................... 19
Geconjugeerde zuren en basen .............................................................................. 19
Ionisatie water reactievergelijking ......................................................................... 19
Waterconstante................................................................................................. 19
pH (=zuurtegraad) .............................................................................................. 19
Constanten ...................................................................................................... 20
Verdunnen ph berekenen ..................................................................................... 20
pH verloop ....................................................................................................... 21
Buffermengsels ................................................................................................. 21
Redoxreacties ........................................................................................................ 22
Reactievergelijking ............................................................................................ 22
Oxidatiegetal (=OG) ........................................................................................... 22
Standaardredoxpotentiaal .................................................................................... 23
Organische chemie .................................................................................................. 24
Organische stoffen ................................................................................................ 24
Naamgeving ..................................................................................................... 24
pag. 2
, Isomerie .......................................................................................................... 33
Reacties in de organische chemie .............................................................................. 34
Aanvallend deeltje ............................................................................................. 34
Reactietypes .................................................................................................... 35
Alkanen: radicalaire substitutie ............................................................................. 36
Alkenen: elektrofiele additie ................................................................................ 36
Halogeenalkanen: nucleofiele substitutie ................................................................. 37
Alcoholen: eliminatie .......................................................................................... 37
Benzeen: alkylering ............................................................................................ 37
Kunststoffen ....................................................................................................... 38
Types ............................................................................................................. 38
Stoffen ........................................................................................................... 39
pag. 3
Deeltjesmodel ..........................................................................................................4
Atoombouw ..........................................................................................................4
Atoommodel van Bohr-Sommerfield ..........................................................................4
Orbitalen ...........................................................................................................4
Kwantumgetallen .................................................................................................5
Uitsluitingsprincipe van Pauli ..................................................................................5
Regel van Hund ...................................................................................................5
Structuur elektronenmantel ....................................................................................6
Diagonaalregel ....................................................................................................6
Verband elektonenconfiguratie en opbouw PSE ............................................................6
Elektronenconfiguratie ..........................................................................................7
Valentie-elektronen .............................................................................................7
Grootte atomen in PSE ..........................................................................................7
Isotopen ............................................................................................................7
Structuur van moleculen ...........................................................................................8
Atoombinding (=covalente binding) vs. ionbinding: elektronegatieve waarde ........................8
Bindingen ..........................................................................................................8
Lewisstructuur (valentie-elektronen).........................................................................9
Formele lading ....................................................................................................9
Mesomerie .........................................................................................................9
Sterisch getal (=SG) ..............................................................................................9
Hybridisatietypes ............................................................................................... 10
Intermoleculaire krachten en polariteit ...................................................................... 11
Intermoleculaire krachten .................................................................................... 11
Smelt- en kookpunt ............................................................................................ 11
Polariteit ......................................................................................................... 12
Chemisch rekenen ................................................................................................... 12
Normomstandigheden ......................................................................................... 12
Molair gasvolume ............................................................................................... 12
Gaswet ........................................................................................................... 12
Massaconcentratie ............................................................................................. 12
Molaire concentratie .......................................................................................... 13
Massaprocent.................................................................................................... 13
Volumeprocent ................................................................................................. 13
Massa/volumeprocent ......................................................................................... 13
Ppm (parts per million) ....................................................................................... 13
Ppb (parts per Billion) ......................................................................................... 14
pag. 1
, Overmaat ........................................................................................................ 14
Limiterend reagens ............................................................................................ 14
Omzettingen .................................................................................................... 14
Thermodynamica .................................................................................................... 15
Energiediagram ................................................................................................. 15
Enthalpie......................................................................................................... 16
Entropie .......................................................................................................... 16
Vrije energie en spontane reacties ......................................................................... 17
Wet van Hess .................................................................................................... 17
Reactiesnelheid ...................................................................................................... 17
Activeringsenergie ............................................................................................. 17
Invloedsfactoren ................................................................................................ 17
Snelheidsvergelijking .......................................................................................... 17
Orde van de reactie............................................................................................ 17
Chemisch evenwicht ................................................................................................ 18
Evenwichtsreactie .............................................................................................. 18
Aflopende reacties ............................................................................................. 18
Dynamisch evenwicht.......................................................................................... 18
Evenwichtsconstante K ........................................................................................ 18
Invloedsfactoren (le Châtelier) .............................................................................. 19
Zuur-base reacties ................................................................................................... 19
Brønsted ......................................................................................................... 19
Amfolyt........................................................................................................... 19
Geconjugeerde zuren en basen .............................................................................. 19
Ionisatie water reactievergelijking ......................................................................... 19
Waterconstante................................................................................................. 19
pH (=zuurtegraad) .............................................................................................. 19
Constanten ...................................................................................................... 20
Verdunnen ph berekenen ..................................................................................... 20
pH verloop ....................................................................................................... 21
Buffermengsels ................................................................................................. 21
Redoxreacties ........................................................................................................ 22
Reactievergelijking ............................................................................................ 22
Oxidatiegetal (=OG) ........................................................................................... 22
Standaardredoxpotentiaal .................................................................................... 23
Organische chemie .................................................................................................. 24
Organische stoffen ................................................................................................ 24
Naamgeving ..................................................................................................... 24
pag. 2
, Isomerie .......................................................................................................... 33
Reacties in de organische chemie .............................................................................. 34
Aanvallend deeltje ............................................................................................. 34
Reactietypes .................................................................................................... 35
Alkanen: radicalaire substitutie ............................................................................. 36
Alkenen: elektrofiele additie ................................................................................ 36
Halogeenalkanen: nucleofiele substitutie ................................................................. 37
Alcoholen: eliminatie .......................................................................................... 37
Benzeen: alkylering ............................................................................................ 37
Kunststoffen ....................................................................................................... 38
Types ............................................................................................................. 38
Stoffen ........................................................................................................... 39
pag. 3
