NASM: Weight Loss Specialization Questions and Answers Already Passed

NASM: Weight Loss Specialization Questions and Answers Already Passed T/F: Obesity is based on someone's weight. False: It is based on how much body fat (adipose tissue) someone carries. How is BMI determined? weight (kg) / height (m2) T/F: Education level and ethnicity are associated with the prevalence of obesity. True What percentage of people in America are overweight or obese? 69.2% with 35.9% of them obese (2012) What are the BMI categories? Normal: 18.5 - 24.9 Overweight: 25 - 29.9 Obese (class I): 30 - 34.9 Obese (class II): 35 - 39.9 Extreme Obesity (class III): 40+ After the age of 20, which of the following age groups has the lowest prevalence of being overweight? 20-29 years What age range has the highest prevalence of being overweight or obese? 30-70 years T/F: Measuring the body density in children is a better assessment of obesity rates than measuring their BMI. False: Although measuring BMI is not the most ideal method for children, it is a good estimate. What is the main cause of excess stored body fat? consuming more calories than expended What are main obstacles for fitness professionals coaching an overweight client? Teaching how to overcome conveniences of: modern technology - food accessibility - societal norms - cultural norms T/F: Socioeconomic status has impacted obesity rates. True: Socioeconomic status affects one's ability to access and afford healthy food choices. Where does obesity rank on the international risks of death? 5th (2012) What is a multi-faceted approach for understanding how to train someone overweight or obese? - the scope of the problem of obesity - factors that contribute to the problem - medical & physical challenges - how to communicate the correct information What is diabetes? Disease in which the body does not produce or properly use insulin. What is insulin? a hormone produced by the pancreas that facilitates the uptake of glucose from the blood to various cells. What is hyperglycemia? high blood glucose levels caused when the pancreases cannot produce enough insulin to combat an insulin resistance. What is type 2 diabetes? (over 90% of cases of diabetes are type 2): a type of diabetes in which the pancreas does not produce enough insulin or the cells ignore the insulin (thus glucose cannot be taken up by the tissues and used for energy). What are general exercise guidelines for people with type 2 diabetes? - Consider the medications they may be taking. - Know that exercise can improve daily glucose and insulin control. What is heart disease? includes a number of heart conditions (such as blood vessel diseases, coronary artery disease, heart rhythm problems (arrhythmias), congenital heart defects, etc.) What are general exercise guidelines for people with heart disease? Any exercise recommendations need to be prescribed and monitored by a physician. What is metabolic syndrome? when several cardiovascular risk factors exists (3 or more) What effect do beta-blockers have on heart rate and blood pressure during exercise? decrease heart rate and decrease blood pressure What is dyslipidemia? often referred to as high blood pressure, but is actually a disorder of lipoprotein metabolism What can cause dyslipidemia? - increase of total cholesterol - increase in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol - increase in triglyceride concentrations - decrease in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol concentration in the blood What does the dyslipidemia associated with obesity consists of? - high triglycerides - decreased HDL (good cholesterol) - abnormal LDL (bad cholesterol) levels What measurement is considered high blood pressure? - stage 1: 140/90 - stage 2: 150/100 What effect can calcium channel blockers and vasodilators have during exercise? Hypotension (low blood pressure) What is important for clients who take medications such as calcium channel blockers and vasodilators (resulting in hypotension) during exercise? a proper cool-down What is peripheral neuropathy? nerve damage that often causes numbness in the hands and feet What is diabetic retinopathy? damage to blood vessels of the eye What is nephropathy? kidney disease What are some exercise precautions for people with neuropathy, diabetic retinopathy, and/or nephropathy? - avoiding extreme environments - proper foot care