CPNRE PREP EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

CPNRE PREP EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS abruptio placentae - Answer--premature separation of the normally implanted placenta What are side effects of epidural block during labour? - Answer--respiratory distress -nausea and vomiting -hypotension -bladder distension -prolonged second stage of labour -pruritis placenta previa - Answer--abnormal placental implantation in the lower uterine segment What happens in the latent phase of the first stage of labour? - Answer--cervix dilation is 1-4 cm -amniotic membranes may be intact -may be bloody show -contractions mild to moderate, q20 mins decreasing to q5 mins, lasting 15-40 secs -mother is social and talkative What happens in the active phase of the first stage of labour? - Answer--cervix dilation is 4-7 cm -effacement of cervix occurs -amniotic membranes may rupture -contractions moderate to firm, 2-5 mins apart, lasting 40-60 secs -mother is less social, perspires, focused on breathing, requests pain relief What happens in the transition phase of the first stage of labour? - Answer--cervix dilated 7-10 cm -cervix fully effaced -amniotic membranes rupture -contractions firm, q2-3 mins, lasting 60-90 secs -mother is irritable, introverted, restless, tremor of legs What happens during second stage of labour? - Answer--expulsion of fetus What happens during third stage of labour? - Answer--umbilical cord is cut -expulsion of placenta -uterus contracts to size of grapefruit -mother is elated, curious about infant, increased physical energy What happens during the fourth stage of labour? - Answer--recovery (1-4 hours after placenta delivery) -uterus remains midline, firmly contracted at or below umbilicus line -lochia rubra saturates perineal pad (no more than one pad per hour) -cramping may occur -mother and infant bonding/breastfeeding signs of placental separation - Answer--lengthening of cord