(Solution) NURS 6630 week 2 Discussion: Foundational Neuroscience, latest 2021/2022.

(Solution) NURS 6630 week 2 Discussion: Foundational Neuroscience, latest 2021/2022. Explain the agonist-to-antagonist spectrum of action of psychopharmacologic agents, including how partial and inverse agonist functionality may impact the efficacy of psychopharmacologic treatments. The traditional drug-receptor theory is a concept of how drugs abide, drug- receptor interaction, and agonists' actions and antagonists with affinity and intrinsic efficacy (Berg, & Clarke, 2018). Berg and Clark's study of the theory found that drugs can act as antagonists or agonists. In contrast, agonists drugs have intrinsic efficacy and affinity, and antagonists have only relationship and no inherent effectiveness. The authors noted that the antagonists decrease the probability of agonist drug occupancy by occupying the receptor cells. Still, the increased agonist concentration leads to the agonist increasing receptor occupancy, thus blocking antagonists' effects. A full agonist generates the maximal response a system is capable whereas a partial agonist produces a submaximal reaction; However, a partial agonist's intrinsic efficacy is less than that of a full agonist; full agonists can also differ in inherent efficacy. Lastly, the spare receptors or receptor reserve is the ability of an agonist can produce a maximum response without occupancy of the entire receptor population due to saturation of post-receptor signaling mechanisms, Compare and contrast the actions of g couple proteins and ion gated channels. Ion gated receptors have a key role in the nervous system for signaling, allowing rapid and conversion of chemical neurotransmitter messages to electrical current with ionotropic receptors regulated by protein-protein interactions with other ion channels, G-protein coupled receptors and intracellular proteins (Li et al., 2014). Li et al. found that the G Protein interactions with ion channel receptors can increase the capacity of neuronal signaling cascades and represent