Structure and Function of Macromolecules Questions and Answers Rated A+

Structure and Function of Macromolecules Questions and Answers Rated A+ Macromolecules Macromolecules like carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acid, which are used by the body for its everyday functions and to perserve overall health. Carbohydrates A simple sugar that is composed of Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen. It's main function is to provide energy to the body to keep the body systems going to keep up with the human's activities. Foods that contain carbohydrates include bread, pasta, and anything sweet. Their monomer is called Monosaccharide, their polymer is Polysaccharide. Proteins Proteins are made up of Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, and Rhodium. Their main functions are to transfer substances, speed up reactions, provide support to muscles and bones, and to create hormones. Monomers include Amino Acids, Glucose, Cellulose, and the polymer is protein. Lipid Like Carbohydrates, they're made up of Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen. It has a monomer of fatty acid and polymer of triglycerides. They are used for storing energy, insulating heat, prevent us from dissolving in water and protecting the internal organs. Nucleic Acid Nucleic Acids like DNA and RNA are made up of nitrogen and phosphorus. They are used for storing the biological genes and data about any living thing. The nucleic acid is actually a polymer nucleotide(in a phosphate group with a nitrogenous base) and is also composed ribose/deoxyribose monomers. Monomer Monomers are the "building blocks" of a polymer. Polymer Polymers are the large organic molecules made up by monomers. Monosaccharide The monomer that is contained in Carbohydrates. Polysaccharide The polymer that is contained in Carbohydrates. Amino Acids Amino acids are monomers in proteins. What are Enzymes and which macromolecule are they found in? Enzymes are substances that help boost chemical reactions and are found in proteins. What does the chemical structure of a carbohydrate look like? A carbohydrate's structure looks like sideways hexagon(a shape with six sides). What does the chemical structure of a lipid look like? A lipid's chemical structure looks like a backwards upper case "E". What does the chemical structure of protein look like? If simply drawn, it looks like a plus sign and in more complex diagrams, it looks like a bunch of tightly bond ribbons. What does the chemical structure of DNA and RNA? DNA: looks like a spiralled ladder with parts divided by color(representing it's five monomers) RNA: Looks like a half spiralled ladder. What foods contain protein? Protein can be found in meats, eggs, nuts, fish, beans, and milk. What foods contain carbohydrates? Carbohydrates can be found in foods such as potatoes, bread, pasta, dried or fresh fruits and vegetables, and anything thing that tastes sweet. What foods contain lipids? Lipids can be found in foods like dairy products, oils, butter, and meat(mainly through grease), also in fast food. What foods contain nucleic acids? Nucleic Acids is found mainly in fish flesh.