FSBPT Practice Exam 2 Questions With 100% Correct
Solutions.
A physical therapist assistant collects data on a patient's sharp-dull sensation.
Two days later, the assistant retests the patient's sharp-dull sensation. Which of
the following terms BEST describes the reliability of these measurements?
1. Parallel forms reliability
2. Internal consistency reliability
3. Interrater reliability
4. Intrarater reliability
4. Intrarater reliability
The scenario does not demonstrate interrater reliability, because the same clinician is
doing the measurements, rather than different individuals.
4. This scenario demonstrates intrarater reliability, because the same individual is using
the same measurement tool.
Urge incontinence is BEST characterized by which of the following descriptions?
1. Loss of urine that coincides with increases in intraabdominal pressure
2. Unexpected and uncontrolled loss of urine
3. Constant leaking of urine from an overdistended bladder
4. Difficulty reaching a toilet in time due to joint or muscle dysfunction
2. Unexpected and uncontrolled loss of urine
1. Stress incontinence, not urge incontinence, is best characterized by loss of urine
during activities that increase intraabdominal pressure.
2. Urge incontinence is the sudden unexpected urge to urinate and the uncontrolled loss
of urine.
3. Overflow incontinence, not urge incontinence, is the constant leaking of urine from a
bladder that is full but unable to empty.
4. Functional incontinence, not urge incontinence, is best characterized as difficulty
reaching a toilet in time due to joint or muscle dysfunction.
A 16-year-old patient reports developing pain in the shoulders after a 3-year
history of athletic competitions that required repetitive use of the arm in a
movement pattern of lateral (external) rotation and horizontal abduction. Which of
the following impairments is MOST consistent with the patient's mechanism of
injury?
1. Weakness of the deltoid muscle
2. Anterior glenohumeral joint instability
3. Anterior glenohumeral joint hypomobility
4. Weakness of the latissimus dorsi muscle
2. Anterior glenohumeral joint instability
2. Anterior instability occurs when the abducted shoulder is repetitively placed in a
position of lateral (external) rotation and horizontal abduction, as occurs in competitive
swimming or various other sports. This can often lead to recurrent subluxations of the
shoulder and ultimately to osteoarthritis or a torn rotator cuff.
,A patient who has an infected Stage 4 medial malleolar pressure injury is being
treated with a comprehensive wound care program. Which of the following
interventions is MOST appropriate?
1. Low-amplitude direct current stimulation with positive polarity
2. High-voltage pulsed current electrical stimulation with positive polarity
3. Low-amplitude direct current stimulation with negative polarity
4. High-voltage pulsed current electrical stimulation with negative polarity
4. High-voltage pulsed current electrical stimulation with negative polarity
1. Low-amplitude direct current is used for transdermal drug delivery via iontophoresis
(p. 274). Direct current can cause chemical effects that are caustic and could damage
tissue (p. 231). This would not be appropriate for wound healing. The positive electrode
is most effective to promote healing of a clean wound in the proliferative phase;
however, the wound in this scenario is an infected wound and would require a negative
polarity (p. 277).
2. High-voltage pulsed current stimulates tissue healing via migration of cells to the
treatment area (p. 271). The positive electrode is most effective to promote healing of a
clean wound in the proliferative phase; however, the wound in this scenario is an
infected wound and would require a negative polarity (p. 277).
3. Low-amplitude direct current is used for transdermal drug delivery via iontophoresis
(p. 274). Direct current can cause chemical effects that are caustic and could damage
tissue (p. 231). This would not be appropriate for wound healing.
4. High-voltage pulsed current can stimulate tissue healing via galvanotaxis, which
results in migration of certain cells to the treatment area based on polarity (p. 271). The
negative electrode is recommended when infection is present (p. 277).
To perform postural drainage to the superior segment of the left lower lobe of a
patient's lungs, the patient should be in which of the following positions?
1. Prone position with pillows under the hips and the bed flat
2. Supine position with pillows under the knees and the bed flat
3. Right sidelying position with pillows behind the back and the foot of the bed
elevated
4. Right sidelying position with pillows under the abdomen and the head of the
bed elevated
1. Prone position with pillows under the hips and the bed flat
WHEN THEY SAY SUPERIOR, THINK APICAL
A patient has a transfemoral prosthesis in which the knee friction is inadequate.
Which of the following gait deviations is the patient MOST likely to exhibit?
1. Uneven step length
2. Abduction in stance phase
3. Terminal impact in late swing phase
4. Lateral trunk bending in stance phase
3. Terminal impact in late swing will be observed if the friction is inadequate in a
transfemoral prosthetic knee.
, 1. Uneven step length is the result of an uncomfortable socket or insufficient knee
flexion.
2. Abduction in stance is the result of a long prosthesis, abducted hip joint, inadequate
lateral wall adduction, or a sharp or high medial wall.
3. Terminal impact in late swing will be observed if the friction is inadequate in a
transfemoral prosthetic knee.
4. Lateral trunk bending in stance is the result of a short prosthesis, inadequate lateral
wall adduction, or a sharp or high medial wall.
Which of the following exercises is MOST appropriate to strengthen the
abdominal muscles of a patient who has osteoporosis?
1. Trunk flexion in sitting position
2. Curl-ups from hooklying position
3. Posterior pelvic tilt in supine position
4. Diagonal curl-ups from hooklying position
3. Posterior pelvic tilt in supine position
1. Trunk flexion in sitting position puts the patient at high risk of vertebral compression
fracture (pp. 349, 531-532).
2. Curl-ups from hooklying position primarily strengthen the rectus abdominis, but this
position puts the spine in flexion, which is contraindicated for patients who have
osteoporosis. This exercise places the patient at great risk of vertebral compression
fracture. (pp. 349, 531-532)
3. With posterior pelvic tilts in supine position, the spine is kept in neutral with
movement in the lumbar spine region only. The movement of the spine will help
strengthen the rectus abdominis and stretch the lumbar extensors, which are potentially
shortened from increased thoracic kyphosis. (pp. 349, 519)
4. Flexion and rotation are contraindicated for individuals who have osteoporosis.
Diagonal curl-ups from hooklying position place the patient at great risk of vertebral
compression fracture. (pp. 350, 531-532)
A patient has bruising of the upper extremities, a "moon-face" appearance,
redness of the face, a protruding abdomen, and hypertension. The patient MOST
likely has which of the following conditions?
1. Hyperpituitarism
2. Addison disease
3. Cushing disease
4. Hypoparathyroidism
3. Cushing disease
1. Hyperpituitarism results in large hands and feet; enlarged jaw, nose, and lips;
thickening of the facial tissues; and acromegaly. These signs and symptoms are not
consistent with the description in the stem. (p. 479)
2. The signs and symptoms of Addison disease include weight loss, hypotension, and
increased skin pigmentation. These signs and symptoms are not consistent with the
description in the stem. (p. 498)
3. People who have Cushing syndrome/disease typically have hypertension, red face,
"moon face," trunk obesity, and a tendency to bruise easily (p. 501).
Solutions.
A physical therapist assistant collects data on a patient's sharp-dull sensation.
Two days later, the assistant retests the patient's sharp-dull sensation. Which of
the following terms BEST describes the reliability of these measurements?
1. Parallel forms reliability
2. Internal consistency reliability
3. Interrater reliability
4. Intrarater reliability
4. Intrarater reliability
The scenario does not demonstrate interrater reliability, because the same clinician is
doing the measurements, rather than different individuals.
4. This scenario demonstrates intrarater reliability, because the same individual is using
the same measurement tool.
Urge incontinence is BEST characterized by which of the following descriptions?
1. Loss of urine that coincides with increases in intraabdominal pressure
2. Unexpected and uncontrolled loss of urine
3. Constant leaking of urine from an overdistended bladder
4. Difficulty reaching a toilet in time due to joint or muscle dysfunction
2. Unexpected and uncontrolled loss of urine
1. Stress incontinence, not urge incontinence, is best characterized by loss of urine
during activities that increase intraabdominal pressure.
2. Urge incontinence is the sudden unexpected urge to urinate and the uncontrolled loss
of urine.
3. Overflow incontinence, not urge incontinence, is the constant leaking of urine from a
bladder that is full but unable to empty.
4. Functional incontinence, not urge incontinence, is best characterized as difficulty
reaching a toilet in time due to joint or muscle dysfunction.
A 16-year-old patient reports developing pain in the shoulders after a 3-year
history of athletic competitions that required repetitive use of the arm in a
movement pattern of lateral (external) rotation and horizontal abduction. Which of
the following impairments is MOST consistent with the patient's mechanism of
injury?
1. Weakness of the deltoid muscle
2. Anterior glenohumeral joint instability
3. Anterior glenohumeral joint hypomobility
4. Weakness of the latissimus dorsi muscle
2. Anterior glenohumeral joint instability
2. Anterior instability occurs when the abducted shoulder is repetitively placed in a
position of lateral (external) rotation and horizontal abduction, as occurs in competitive
swimming or various other sports. This can often lead to recurrent subluxations of the
shoulder and ultimately to osteoarthritis or a torn rotator cuff.
,A patient who has an infected Stage 4 medial malleolar pressure injury is being
treated with a comprehensive wound care program. Which of the following
interventions is MOST appropriate?
1. Low-amplitude direct current stimulation with positive polarity
2. High-voltage pulsed current electrical stimulation with positive polarity
3. Low-amplitude direct current stimulation with negative polarity
4. High-voltage pulsed current electrical stimulation with negative polarity
4. High-voltage pulsed current electrical stimulation with negative polarity
1. Low-amplitude direct current is used for transdermal drug delivery via iontophoresis
(p. 274). Direct current can cause chemical effects that are caustic and could damage
tissue (p. 231). This would not be appropriate for wound healing. The positive electrode
is most effective to promote healing of a clean wound in the proliferative phase;
however, the wound in this scenario is an infected wound and would require a negative
polarity (p. 277).
2. High-voltage pulsed current stimulates tissue healing via migration of cells to the
treatment area (p. 271). The positive electrode is most effective to promote healing of a
clean wound in the proliferative phase; however, the wound in this scenario is an
infected wound and would require a negative polarity (p. 277).
3. Low-amplitude direct current is used for transdermal drug delivery via iontophoresis
(p. 274). Direct current can cause chemical effects that are caustic and could damage
tissue (p. 231). This would not be appropriate for wound healing.
4. High-voltage pulsed current can stimulate tissue healing via galvanotaxis, which
results in migration of certain cells to the treatment area based on polarity (p. 271). The
negative electrode is recommended when infection is present (p. 277).
To perform postural drainage to the superior segment of the left lower lobe of a
patient's lungs, the patient should be in which of the following positions?
1. Prone position with pillows under the hips and the bed flat
2. Supine position with pillows under the knees and the bed flat
3. Right sidelying position with pillows behind the back and the foot of the bed
elevated
4. Right sidelying position with pillows under the abdomen and the head of the
bed elevated
1. Prone position with pillows under the hips and the bed flat
WHEN THEY SAY SUPERIOR, THINK APICAL
A patient has a transfemoral prosthesis in which the knee friction is inadequate.
Which of the following gait deviations is the patient MOST likely to exhibit?
1. Uneven step length
2. Abduction in stance phase
3. Terminal impact in late swing phase
4. Lateral trunk bending in stance phase
3. Terminal impact in late swing will be observed if the friction is inadequate in a
transfemoral prosthetic knee.
, 1. Uneven step length is the result of an uncomfortable socket or insufficient knee
flexion.
2. Abduction in stance is the result of a long prosthesis, abducted hip joint, inadequate
lateral wall adduction, or a sharp or high medial wall.
3. Terminal impact in late swing will be observed if the friction is inadequate in a
transfemoral prosthetic knee.
4. Lateral trunk bending in stance is the result of a short prosthesis, inadequate lateral
wall adduction, or a sharp or high medial wall.
Which of the following exercises is MOST appropriate to strengthen the
abdominal muscles of a patient who has osteoporosis?
1. Trunk flexion in sitting position
2. Curl-ups from hooklying position
3. Posterior pelvic tilt in supine position
4. Diagonal curl-ups from hooklying position
3. Posterior pelvic tilt in supine position
1. Trunk flexion in sitting position puts the patient at high risk of vertebral compression
fracture (pp. 349, 531-532).
2. Curl-ups from hooklying position primarily strengthen the rectus abdominis, but this
position puts the spine in flexion, which is contraindicated for patients who have
osteoporosis. This exercise places the patient at great risk of vertebral compression
fracture. (pp. 349, 531-532)
3. With posterior pelvic tilts in supine position, the spine is kept in neutral with
movement in the lumbar spine region only. The movement of the spine will help
strengthen the rectus abdominis and stretch the lumbar extensors, which are potentially
shortened from increased thoracic kyphosis. (pp. 349, 519)
4. Flexion and rotation are contraindicated for individuals who have osteoporosis.
Diagonal curl-ups from hooklying position place the patient at great risk of vertebral
compression fracture. (pp. 350, 531-532)
A patient has bruising of the upper extremities, a "moon-face" appearance,
redness of the face, a protruding abdomen, and hypertension. The patient MOST
likely has which of the following conditions?
1. Hyperpituitarism
2. Addison disease
3. Cushing disease
4. Hypoparathyroidism
3. Cushing disease
1. Hyperpituitarism results in large hands and feet; enlarged jaw, nose, and lips;
thickening of the facial tissues; and acromegaly. These signs and symptoms are not
consistent with the description in the stem. (p. 479)
2. The signs and symptoms of Addison disease include weight loss, hypotension, and
increased skin pigmentation. These signs and symptoms are not consistent with the
description in the stem. (p. 498)
3. People who have Cushing syndrome/disease typically have hypertension, red face,
"moon face," trunk obesity, and a tendency to bruise easily (p. 501).
