NES 051 PROFESSIONAL KNOWLEDGE ELEMENTARY
QUESTION WITH ANSWERS 2023 LATEST EXAM UPDATE
Erikson's Theory of Development - Individuals experience 8 "crises" throughout
their lives. These help develop a person's sense of self.
For elementary children, they face industry v. inferiority
How to encourage Erikson's "industry" - Make sure students have realistic goals
Let students show independence
Provide support to discourages students
PIaget's Theory of Development - Infants use sensory and reflexes to engage with
their environments and learn
There are 4 stages which lead from pre-operational to concrete-operational
Pre-operational VS Concrete (Piaget) - Concrete operational students can think logically
about concrete, real-life objects but cannot reason abstractly
How to foster a concrete-operational child - Use concrete ops and visual aids
Allow students to manipulate objects
Brief and organized instruction
Build upon past knowledge
Foster problem solving
Vygotsky Theory of Development - Knowledge develops through interaction with
their environment and their culture
Zone of Proximal Development: Individuals learn the best when challenged to learn
with the assistance a better skilled individual
Applying Vygotsky - Scaffold: Use different resources, models, and props to aid
and accent learning
Provide resources to support thinking
Utilize a student's understanding of their culture
Utilize collaboration and engagement
, Kholberg's theory of development - Focused on moral reasoning. Where students
make decisions based on whether or not they'll receive a reward or punishment
Their moral reasoning is relevant to what everyone else believes
Supporting moral and personal development - Help students with problems they may
face in school (rivalries or teasing)
Help students see the perspectives of others (role playing)
Connect values to actions
Value the privacy of others
Foster proper listening (small groups)
Utilize a consistent disciplinary system
Principles of Child Development - Teaching should help students grow across all
domains (playing with math; science with writing)
Children develop in a predictable sequence
Development occurs at different rates
A safe learning environment fosters learning
Development Milestones (Early Adolescence) - Early Adolescence (10-14):
Puberty;
Ability to think abstractly,
Greater interest in peer relationships (sexually and plutonically)
Challenges authority
Development Milestones (Late Adolescence) - (14-18)
Sexual maturity and adult height
Develop specific eating habits
In-depth knowledge of certain topics
Career interests
QUESTION WITH ANSWERS 2023 LATEST EXAM UPDATE
Erikson's Theory of Development - Individuals experience 8 "crises" throughout
their lives. These help develop a person's sense of self.
For elementary children, they face industry v. inferiority
How to encourage Erikson's "industry" - Make sure students have realistic goals
Let students show independence
Provide support to discourages students
PIaget's Theory of Development - Infants use sensory and reflexes to engage with
their environments and learn
There are 4 stages which lead from pre-operational to concrete-operational
Pre-operational VS Concrete (Piaget) - Concrete operational students can think logically
about concrete, real-life objects but cannot reason abstractly
How to foster a concrete-operational child - Use concrete ops and visual aids
Allow students to manipulate objects
Brief and organized instruction
Build upon past knowledge
Foster problem solving
Vygotsky Theory of Development - Knowledge develops through interaction with
their environment and their culture
Zone of Proximal Development: Individuals learn the best when challenged to learn
with the assistance a better skilled individual
Applying Vygotsky - Scaffold: Use different resources, models, and props to aid
and accent learning
Provide resources to support thinking
Utilize a student's understanding of their culture
Utilize collaboration and engagement
, Kholberg's theory of development - Focused on moral reasoning. Where students
make decisions based on whether or not they'll receive a reward or punishment
Their moral reasoning is relevant to what everyone else believes
Supporting moral and personal development - Help students with problems they may
face in school (rivalries or teasing)
Help students see the perspectives of others (role playing)
Connect values to actions
Value the privacy of others
Foster proper listening (small groups)
Utilize a consistent disciplinary system
Principles of Child Development - Teaching should help students grow across all
domains (playing with math; science with writing)
Children develop in a predictable sequence
Development occurs at different rates
A safe learning environment fosters learning
Development Milestones (Early Adolescence) - Early Adolescence (10-14):
Puberty;
Ability to think abstractly,
Greater interest in peer relationships (sexually and plutonically)
Challenges authority
Development Milestones (Late Adolescence) - (14-18)
Sexual maturity and adult height
Develop specific eating habits
In-depth knowledge of certain topics
Career interests
