Advanced Pathology NR 507- final exam Questions With Complete Solutions

Angle of His correct answer: Creates a flap valve effect to prevent reflux and makes gastro esophageal junction longer which increases the pressure GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease) correct answer: A digestive disease in which stomach acid or bile irritates the food pipe lining. Obesity makes the angle of His a widened angle which decreases the pressure at the gastro esophageal junction big fatty meals and carbonation stretches the stomach out which thins out the muscles around the stomach which decreases the pressure on the flap valve Hypotonic lower esophageal sphincter also allows reflux, as well as hiatal hernia, gastroparesis, and obesity heartburn and regurgitation are typical symptoms chest pain, hoarseness, cough, asthma, and globus (lump in throat) are atypical for classic GERD Associated symptoms are dyspepsia, epigastric pain, bloating, belching, and nausea H.Pylori bacteria is associated with GERD Barrett's esophagus correct answer: caused by exposure to enzymes coming from the stomach - stomach acid does not cause this - so can have non-acid reflux Barrett's esophagus diaphram correct answer: a muscle that separates the chest from the abdominal cavity also makes up the lower esophageal sphincter