Paramedic Fisdap Final Study Guide 2023/2024 Score 100% (VERIFIED).

Paramedic Fisdap Final Study Guide 2023/2024 Score 100% (VERIFIED). Final Paramedic Fisdap Study Guide latest Ems Operations - Page 1 OB/Gynecology - Page 11 Pediatrics - Page 20 Airway - Page 30 Medical Emergencies - Page 39 Trauma - Page Cardiology - Page - Page 54 EMS OPERATIONS 1. Airbags Safety During Extrication (2228) • Un-deployed airbags may deploy during extrication and cause harm to the patients and rescuers. • Look for airbag badging or labeling system • A vehicles airbags system comes equipped with an energy capacitor that can store power for up to 30 mins in some models • Remove key from ignition 4. Criteria for Transferring Care of Patient (154) • In your documentation of care, it is important that you were able to show in whose care you left the patient with, otherwise you could face allegations of abandonment. some agencies have begun to require physician or nurse signatures to verify that the patient was left with a medical professional of a higher level of training. Another situation that may require you to document a transfer of care is when you hand over your patient to another agency such as a paramedic transport crew or an air medical team. 5. Decontamination of Airway Equipment • Sanitize and disinfect everything after a call • Any piece of equipment that is intended for single use should be discarded in an appropriate hazardous materials bag. For any reusable piece of equipment that has had direct contact with the patient or patients bodily fluids, use a commercial disinfecting agent for decontamination. Bleach diluted in water (1:10) can also be used as disinfecting agent. 6. Documenting Medication Administration (471) • Documentation is everything, if you did not document it, you didn’t do it. Always document your actions and the patients response on the on the patient care report after administering a medication. This includes... - Name - Dose • Patient can be moved from sitting in a car to laying supine on a backboard in 2 mins. Indications listed below - The vehicle or scene is unsafe - The patient cannot be properly assessed before being removed from the car - The patient needs immediate intervention that requires a supine position - The patients condition requires immediate transport to the hospital - The patient blocks your access to another seriously injured patient • A team member should remain with the patient to direct the rescuers who are preforming the disentanglement. For example, unless there is an immediate threat to fire, explosion, or other danger, you should preform a primary assessment and perform and critical interventions before disentanglement begins. This may include providing c-spine immobilization, opening airway, providing O2, ventilations, or controlling significant bleeding. Once life threats have been treated, disentanglement can begin. Sometimes a patient must be removed quickly (Rapid extrication) because his or her general condition is deteriorating and time does not permit meticulous splinting and dressing procedures. Quick removal may also occur if hazards are present, such as as spilled gas or other materials that could endanger the patient or rescue personnel. The only time the patient should be moved prior to completion of initial care, assessment, stabilization, and treatment is when the patient’s or emergency responders life is in immediate danger. 10. Making Decisions Regarding a Patients Request to Refuse Care (96-99) • Patients with decision-making capacity have the right to refuse all or part of the emergency medical care offered to them • Refusing care - Needs to be informed consent. • Need to use your “People skills” and just talk to the patient · Ensure your pt is fully informed about their current situation, his or her right to receive or refuse medical care, and the consequences of a refusal of care · Unresponsive patients may be treated under implied consent · Involve online medical control if pt have severe injuries but refusing care · Document carefully and have pt sign AMA Minors - Because minors have no legal status, they can neither refuse no consent to medical care. In the case of children and adults who have legal guardians, consent must be obtained, if possible, from a parent or legal guardian of the patient. If the parent or guardian is not available, emergency treatment to sustain life may be undertaken without direct consent under the doctrine of implied consent. You should also be aware of the legal principle known as “In loco parentis”. This term literally means “In place of the parent”. This principle may apply in school, day care, or summer camp situations if a parent is unavailable. The school administrator or day care director maymaketreatmentandtransportationdecisionsonbehalfoftheminor. assume custody of the child for purpose of ensuring that necessary emergency treatment be provided. Emancipated Minors - are under legal age in a given state but can be treated as legal adults because certain circumstances. By court order. Marriage, pregnancy, or active military service. They can accept or deny care. 12. Operations within a HazMat Scene Responding to Hazmat incidents · Look for warning signs such as patient S/S, placards, labels, etc. · Placards or labels may be found on building, trucks/railway cars, drums/storage vessels · Intentional ingestion of chemicals and activities occurring at illicit labs or potential terrorist activities may have no obvious signs · Some chemicals are odorized (propane, methane) where other dangerous substances are odorless (carbon monoxide) · If you approach a scene where more than one person has collapsed due to respiratory distress, suspect the presence had a hazardous material · When arriving, you should stop at a safe distance, uphill and upwind from the scene · Items to report include: o Exact location o Atmosphereic conditions o Size/shape of containers o Chemical ID number or symbols o # of victims with S/S o Type and number of additional resources 18. Stress Management (42-43) • Fight or flight mode S/S - heart palpitations, rapid breathing, chest tightness, sweating, rapid breathing, unnecessary shouting. 1. Control breathing 2. Progressive Relaxation - tighten/relax muscle groups to initiate muscle relaxation throughout the body. Stupid. 3. Professional Assistance - Seek therapist • Focus on immediate situations while on duty, remind yourself “I will do my very best, but what i can do may not be enough” • Avoid excessive amounts of stimulants such as caffeine or alcohol, cigs, or sleeping aids after a stressful event. • Stages of Stress patient is unable to express his or her wishes. Living wills, DNR’s, and organ donation orders are all advance directives. DNR’s can also be called Resuscitation Directive Living Wills and Health Care Power of Attorney are types of advance directives in which a patient can express wishes regarding end-of-life medical care. These directives are sometimes called health care “durable” power of attorneys because they remain in effect once a patient loses “decision making capacity”. The person who carries the Health Care Power of Attorney is often called the “Surrogate Decision Maker”. They are legally obligated to make decisions as the patient would want, and has presumably discussed these decisions with the patient. It is important to keep in mind that the “Surrogate Decision Maker” has no authority until the patient becomes incapable of making decisions. If the “Surrogate Decision Maker” is attempting to make decisions that conflict with a competent patients decisions, the patients decisions are always the ones to be followed. 20. Treating a Violent Patient (99/100) • May restrain a violent patient to protect you/crew and as well as the patient • Under the law, you are only able to use force if the patient attacks you. You may defend yourself. • Contact Law Enforcement if patient becomes uncooperative and or has weapons. • Violence can be the result of hypoxia, hypoglycemia, mental illness, brain injury, drug abuse/ OD, or alcohol use, and psych problems. • Protocol dependent - however, some agencies let EMS personal use “Chemical Restraints” such a benzodiazepines or antipsychotics to calm patients who are violent and need transportation to hospital. • If scene is not safe - contact Law enforcement and go back to ambulance like a lil bitch boy you are • Bullet proof vests? • Always be aware of your surrounding • Soft restraints while transporting if needed • OB/GYNECOLOGY 1. Complications Associated with Pregnancy Induced Hypotension (1931) • When a Pregnant females uterus compresses the Inferior Vena Cava, venous blood return to the heart is diminished or occluded. • Occurs when the women is Supine, or sometimes when she is sitting • Usually in the 3rd Trimester • Can lead to fetal distress (Diastolic >110mmHg = increased risk for stroke or Cardiovascular disorders) Pregnancy Induced Hypertension: Develops after the 20th week and resolves postpartum. (Early sign of Preeclampsia) 2. Identifying a Patient with Braxton Hicks Contractions (1930) • Known as “False Labor” • Intermittent Uterine Contractions that may occur every 10-20 mins • Usually seen in the 3rd Trimester • No way to actually tell if it is a miscarriage or another complication of pregnancy, the patient needs to be transported. 3. Identifying and Treating a Nuchal Cord Nuchal Cord: Umbilical cord becomes wrapped around the newborn’s neck. Tx: 1. Slip cord over head with one gloved finger. 2. If unsuccessful or cored is wrapped multiple times - clamp and cut cord 4. Identifying and Treating a Patient with Eclampsia (1931/1932) • Exist when patient experiences a seizure seizure as a result of the severe hypertension. A systolic pressure exceeding 160 to 180mm Hg and diastolic pressure exceeding 105mm Hg, in the presence of these other risk factors, may require administration of hypertensive meds. • Risk Factors - Liver or renal failure, Cerebral Hemorrhage, Placenta Abruption, Younger than 20 or older than 35, Poor Diet, First time Pregnancy, HELLP Syndrome - • S/S - Seizures, Loss of consciousness, Agitation, Headaches or muscles pain, RUQ pain, Visual disturbances. • Causes - Develops from preeclampsia, Develops after 20th week, Proteinuria, Hypertension • TX - Anticonvulsant med - Mag Sulfate 1-4g in 50-100mL NS IVP/IVPB over 5 mins. Transport to Hospital 5. Identifying and Treating a Patient with Postpartum Bleeding • Early postpartum hemorrhage is bleeding within 24 hours of delivery and is the most common. • Late postpartum hemorrhaging: 24 hr to 6 weeks after delivery • Average Blood Loss is 150mL >500mL during first 24hrs considered postpartum hemorrhaging. Causes: 1. Lacerations or tears around vagina or perineum 2. Prolong labor or multiple deliveries 3. Retained products of conception 4. Uterus loses ability to contract 5. Placenta Previa 6. Postpartum Complications () • Postpartum Hemorrhage (See above) • Postpartum Depression - Also called the “Baby Blues” Is the most common pregnancy complication. S/S of this disorder can appear any time during pregnancy and up to 1 year after birth. • Risk Factors - Adolescent mothers and those in lower income levels have an increased chance of this condition, Previous history of depression or family history; financial or marital/ relationship issues; diabetes; a complicated pregnancy or delivery, major life-changing events, • S/S - Depression, lack of interest to care for themselves, insomnia to sleeping all the time, sadness and crying, lack of apatite. Sometimes strong anger to themselves and infants. 7. S/S of a Patient with a Spontaneous Abortion (1936) • Abortion is defined as “Expulsion of the fetus from any cause before the 20th week of gestation • Most abortions occur during the 1st trimester, before the placenta is fully mature • Also known as “Miscarriage” • Abdominal cramping with vaginal bleeding 8 weeks pregnant • Bleeding usually before pain • Causes: - Acute or chronic illness in the pregnant women - Maternal exposure to toxic substances (Drugs) - Abnormalities in the fetus - Abnormal attachment of the placenta Elective Abortion • Brought on intentionally • Women may try to export the fetus by traumatic ways or “Self-Medicate” - Making it too toxic for the fetus .