USMLE Practice Questions and Answers

A 12-month-old girl has been spitting up her meals since 1 month of age. asymptomatic and without findings on physical examination. - Diagnosis: GERD is a common pediatric complaint, often seen in the first 1 to 2 months of life and resolving by 1 to 2 years of age. For children w/ NO respiratory symptoms attributed to reflux, small feeds, avoid high-fat meals are enough. -medication or surgery only seen in rare cases. jaundice - skin and the the sclera of the eye turn yellow due to excess bilirubin, a byproduct of old red blood cells. A 14-year-old boy has sickle cell disease. He presents to the emergency room with the complaints of Pain of the right upper quadrant, nausea, vomiting, fever, and jaundice. - Diagnosis: acute cholecystitis (unusual in kids w/ anemia) -Confirmed with an ultrasound of the gallbladder (upper right quadrant) A 2-year-old presents to the emergency center with several days of rectal bleeding. The mother first noticed reddish-colored stools 2 days prior to arrival and has since changed several diapers with just blood. What diagnostic test will you use? - Diagnosis: Meckel diverticulum :congenital abnormality of the small intestine. - First type involves ectopic (out of place) mucosal tissue and most often leading to GI bleeding in younger children. -Diagnostic Technique: technetium scan (common medical radioisotope) which collects data rapidly, but keeps total patient radiation exposure low. symptoms: kids have painless rectal bleeding in the first 2 years of life, but they can have symptoms throughout the first decade.