Modern States Biology CLEP Study Guide Latest 2023

Modern States Biology CLEP Study Guide What type of bond joins oxygen to hydrogen within a single water molecule? - polar covalent bond The smallest unit of matter that has the properties of a particular element is a/n ____________. - atom A carbohydrate monomer is called a/n ______________. - monosaccharide Which of the following RNA sequences would bond to this DNA strand: AATAG? - UUAUC correct A covalent bond occurs when... - two atoms share an electron correct Which of the properties of water allow life to exist in a lake when the temperature is below freezing? - Solid is less dense than liquid correct The nearly universal nature of the genetic code supports the view that - all living organisms on Earth share a common ancestor correct Chromosomes are located in a nucleus in which of the following? - Eukaryotes What part of a cell membrane is fluid and can move from side to side, past other components of the membrane? - proteins and lipids If a cell is hypotonic in relation to its environment. Will this cell gain or lose water? - lose Which statement is FALSE about a cell's cytoskeleton? - microtubules grow from the centrosome, microfilaments support cellular projections like villi, intermediate filaments are stable and durable, microtubules are the largest of the 3 types of fibers ARE ALL FALSE Which of the following is critical in limiting the size to which an animal cell may grow? - The ratio of cell surface to cell volume correct Protein synthesis is the main function of which of the following structures? - Ribosome Neurotransmitters contained in vesicles enter the synapse through - exocytosis An enzyme-substrate complex is composed of which of the following? - enzyme and substrate All of the following statements about enzymes are true EXCEPT - Enzymes can function only within living cells. When a protein is heated, which of the following will most likely be disrupted? - The tertiary structure Which of the following best describes the primary function of chlorophyll in an organism? - it absorbs light energy to power oxygen production What do the light reactions produce that is used in the Calvin cycle? - ATP and NADPH correct If chlorophyll looks green, which wavelengths of light does it reflect? - green Which of the following is the final electron acceptor in the mitochondrial electron transport system? - O2 In a eukaryotic cell, glycolysis occurs in which of the following parts of the cell? - Cytosol correct AMP is which type of molecule? - Nucleotide A typical photosynthetic eukaryotic cell contains which of the following? - Ribosomes, Chloroplasts, Mitochondria Which of the following is a function of ATP? - Transports energy Meiosis of a diploid cell results in - four haploid cells During what phase of mitosis does chromatin condense into chromosomes? - prophase The process by which the nuclei of somatic(body) cells divide is known as - Mitosis The process by which haploid cells are formed from diploid cells is known as - Meiosis DNA is synthesized during - stage 2 / S phase What is meant by "redundancy" in gene expression? - each amino acid can have more than one codon A virus can transfer genes from one bacterial cell to another through which process? - transduction The codon for a particular amino acid is 5'CAU3'. The DNA sequence that complements this codon is - 3'GTA5'