Sociaal Verantwoord
Ondernemen
Table of Contents
Les 1 : Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR).......................................................................4
Wat is Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)?...............................................................................4
Verwante concepten : Sustainability..............................................................................................................5
Verwante concepten : Business Ethics...........................................................................................................5
Invloedrijke perspectieven op CSR................................................................................................5
Het belang van stakeholders..........................................................................................................................5
Economisch perspectief op CSR......................................................................................................................7
Creating shared value (CSV) – Michael Porter................................................................................................8
CSR kritieken – voorbereidende oefening......................................................................................................9
Les 2 : Critical Management Studies.................................................................................10
The dark side of management....................................................................................................10
Enkele stellingen...........................................................................................................................................11
Kernthema’s binnen Critical Management Studies.....................................................................12
Morele verantwoordelijkheid versus instrumenteel denken.......................................................................12
Alternatieve doelen......................................................................................................................................12
Naturalisatie en de- naturalisatie.................................................................................................................13
Enkele stellingen...........................................................................................................................................14
Intellectuele invloeden van CMS................................................................................................14
Karl Marx.......................................................................................................................................................14
Antonio Gramsci...........................................................................................................................................15
Critical Theory...............................................................................................................................................15
Enkele stellingen...........................................................................................................................................15
Doeleinden van CMS..................................................................................................................16
Emancipatie en micro- emancipatie.............................................................................................................16
Op welke manier is CMS relevant voor SVO?..............................................................................16
Les 3 : HRM, work- life balance en burnout kritisch bekeken.............................................17
Deel 1 : HRM kritisch bekeken....................................................................................................17
Mainstream HRM literatuur.........................................................................................................................17
Kritisch perspectief op HRM.........................................................................................................................18
Kay Electronics case (leesvragen).................................................................................................................19
Bijdrage CMS voor HRM...............................................................................................................................19
Deel 2 : Werk- privé balans in organisaties.................................................................................19
Maatschappelijke veranderingen.................................................................................................................19
Werk- privé interactie...................................................................................................................................19
Conclusie.......................................................................................................................................................20
Les 4 : Diversiteit en Inclusie.............................................................................................21
Maatschappelijke trends............................................................................................................21
Onverholen en subtiele discriminatie.........................................................................................22
Acker : A theory of gendered organizations................................................................................22
, Het probleem van de universele baan (volgens Acker)................................................................................23
Het probleem van de ‘universele, lichaamloze’ werknemer........................................................................23
Hoe diversiteit in organisaties verhogen?...................................................................................23
Logicas...........................................................................................................................................................23
Definities van diversiteit.............................................................................................................24
Diversiteitsmanagement : Hoe diversiteit verhogen?.................................................................24
Formele diversiteitspraktijken......................................................................................................................24
Informele diversiteitspraktijken...................................................................................................................24
Inclusief diversiteitsbeleid............................................................................................................................25
Les 5 : SVO en mensenrechten (Human Rights).................................................................26
Deel 1 : Wat zijn Human rights?..................................................................................................26
Deel 2 : invloed van internationale bedrijfsleven op Human Rights............................................26
Schendingen door bedrijven.........................................................................................................................27
Deel 3 : Internationaal juridisch kader........................................................................................28
Verenigde Naties : Initiatieven.....................................................................................................................28
Groepsdiscussie............................................................................................................................................28
Compliance- bevorderende factoren buiten de rechtbank..........................................................................28
Deel 4 : Labour rights en globale supply chains...........................................................................29
Ethische reflectie: hoe kunnen we supply chain verbeteren?.....................................................................30
Les 6 : Sociaal en coöperatief ondernemen & Hybride organisaties..................................31
Wat zijn Hybride organisaties?...................................................................................................31
Spanningen voor hybride organisaties.........................................................................................................32
Wat is een sociale onderneming? Verschil met CSR?..................................................................32
Het ‘sociale’ in sociaal ondernemerschap....................................................................................................32
Empirisch : hoeveel, waarom, doel, problemen?........................................................................33
Welke vorm? Waarom is vorm belangrijk?..................................................................................................33
Waarom sociale ondernemingen en wat is hun doel?.................................................................................34
Coöperatieve onderneming........................................................................................................35
Geschiedenis en principes coöperatie..........................................................................................................35
Coöperatie vs Reguliere vennootschap........................................................................................................36
Types coöperatieven.....................................................................................................................................36
Coöperatie....................................................................................................................................................36
Les 7 : Duurzaam ondernemen.........................................................................................37
Grand challenges........................................................................................................................37
Sustainable Development Goals (SDG’s)......................................................................................................37
Collective action problem.............................................................................................................................37
Hegemonisering..........................................................................................................................38
3 Stappen tot hegemonisering:....................................................................................................................38
Driver voor hegemonisering.........................................................................................................................38
4 institutionele evoluties rond hegemonisering...........................................................................................38
The big disconnect......................................................................................................................39
Theoretische perspectieven........................................................................................................39
Les 8 : Politiek (On)Verantwoord Ondernemen.................................................................40
Introductie : antiracisme via de markt?......................................................................................40
, De multinational vervult 2 type politieke rollen...........................................................................................40
De politieke rol van de multinationale onderneming : PCSR.......................................................41
(Neo) Liberale opvatting : bedrijven als private actoren..............................................................................41
Political Corporate Social Responsibility.......................................................................................................41
Kritische kanttekeningen van (Rhodes & Fleming) rond ‘politiek verantwoord ondernemen’...................43
De politieke rol van de multinationale onderneming: Corporate activisme................................44
Hoe de hedendaagse populariteit van corporate activisme verklaren?......................................44
MVO vs. Corporate Activisme.......................................................................................................................44
3 kritieken op Corporate Activisme..............................................................................................................45
, Les 1 : Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)
Wat is Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)?
CSR encompasses the economic, legal, ethical and philantropic expectations that society
has of organizations at a given point in time (Carroll, 1979)
verwachtingen tov de maatschappij
Business decision making linked to ethical values, compliance with legal requirements, and
respect for people, communities, and the environment around the world (Aaronson, 2003)
beslissingen door het management
The notion that corporations have an obligation to constituent groups in society other than
stockholders and beyond that prescribed by law and union contract (Jones, 1980)
verplichting van bedrijven tov andere groepen in de samenleving
3 belangrijkste dimensies bij CSR
- Stakeholders
- Sociale, economische en milieu
- Vrijwillig of verplicht?
CSR refers to the integration of an
enterprise’s social, environmental, ethical
and philantrophic responsibilities towards
society into its operations, processes, and
core business strategy in cooperation with
relevant stakeholders (Rasche, Morsing &
Moon, 2017)
Integratie van sociale, milieu- en ethische
verplichtingen tov de maatschappij in hun
operaties, processen, bedrijfsstrategie… in
samenwerking met hun belanghebbenden
- CSR is verbonden met de kernactiviteiten, strategie en bedrijfsprocessen van een
onderneming
- CSR wordt ontwikkeld in samenwerking met stakeholders (cf. infra)
- CSR is multidimensioneel (maatschappelijk welzijn en leefmilieu)
- CSR is een zaak van multinationals én KMOs
- CSR is geen puur vrijwillige materie, zoals vele andere definities beklemtonen (bv.
oude EU-definitie; Pedersen, 2015)
o Bedrijven worden hier vaak toe verplicht door de wet dus is niet meer
vrijwillig
Corporate Social Irresponsibility (CSIR) = “corporate activity that negatively affects an
identifiable social stakeholder’s legitimate claims” (Rasche, Morsing & Moon, 2017)
- CSR en CSIR geen uitersten van een continuum, bestaan vaak naast elkaar
Ondernemen
Table of Contents
Les 1 : Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR).......................................................................4
Wat is Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)?...............................................................................4
Verwante concepten : Sustainability..............................................................................................................5
Verwante concepten : Business Ethics...........................................................................................................5
Invloedrijke perspectieven op CSR................................................................................................5
Het belang van stakeholders..........................................................................................................................5
Economisch perspectief op CSR......................................................................................................................7
Creating shared value (CSV) – Michael Porter................................................................................................8
CSR kritieken – voorbereidende oefening......................................................................................................9
Les 2 : Critical Management Studies.................................................................................10
The dark side of management....................................................................................................10
Enkele stellingen...........................................................................................................................................11
Kernthema’s binnen Critical Management Studies.....................................................................12
Morele verantwoordelijkheid versus instrumenteel denken.......................................................................12
Alternatieve doelen......................................................................................................................................12
Naturalisatie en de- naturalisatie.................................................................................................................13
Enkele stellingen...........................................................................................................................................14
Intellectuele invloeden van CMS................................................................................................14
Karl Marx.......................................................................................................................................................14
Antonio Gramsci...........................................................................................................................................15
Critical Theory...............................................................................................................................................15
Enkele stellingen...........................................................................................................................................15
Doeleinden van CMS..................................................................................................................16
Emancipatie en micro- emancipatie.............................................................................................................16
Op welke manier is CMS relevant voor SVO?..............................................................................16
Les 3 : HRM, work- life balance en burnout kritisch bekeken.............................................17
Deel 1 : HRM kritisch bekeken....................................................................................................17
Mainstream HRM literatuur.........................................................................................................................17
Kritisch perspectief op HRM.........................................................................................................................18
Kay Electronics case (leesvragen).................................................................................................................19
Bijdrage CMS voor HRM...............................................................................................................................19
Deel 2 : Werk- privé balans in organisaties.................................................................................19
Maatschappelijke veranderingen.................................................................................................................19
Werk- privé interactie...................................................................................................................................19
Conclusie.......................................................................................................................................................20
Les 4 : Diversiteit en Inclusie.............................................................................................21
Maatschappelijke trends............................................................................................................21
Onverholen en subtiele discriminatie.........................................................................................22
Acker : A theory of gendered organizations................................................................................22
, Het probleem van de universele baan (volgens Acker)................................................................................23
Het probleem van de ‘universele, lichaamloze’ werknemer........................................................................23
Hoe diversiteit in organisaties verhogen?...................................................................................23
Logicas...........................................................................................................................................................23
Definities van diversiteit.............................................................................................................24
Diversiteitsmanagement : Hoe diversiteit verhogen?.................................................................24
Formele diversiteitspraktijken......................................................................................................................24
Informele diversiteitspraktijken...................................................................................................................24
Inclusief diversiteitsbeleid............................................................................................................................25
Les 5 : SVO en mensenrechten (Human Rights).................................................................26
Deel 1 : Wat zijn Human rights?..................................................................................................26
Deel 2 : invloed van internationale bedrijfsleven op Human Rights............................................26
Schendingen door bedrijven.........................................................................................................................27
Deel 3 : Internationaal juridisch kader........................................................................................28
Verenigde Naties : Initiatieven.....................................................................................................................28
Groepsdiscussie............................................................................................................................................28
Compliance- bevorderende factoren buiten de rechtbank..........................................................................28
Deel 4 : Labour rights en globale supply chains...........................................................................29
Ethische reflectie: hoe kunnen we supply chain verbeteren?.....................................................................30
Les 6 : Sociaal en coöperatief ondernemen & Hybride organisaties..................................31
Wat zijn Hybride organisaties?...................................................................................................31
Spanningen voor hybride organisaties.........................................................................................................32
Wat is een sociale onderneming? Verschil met CSR?..................................................................32
Het ‘sociale’ in sociaal ondernemerschap....................................................................................................32
Empirisch : hoeveel, waarom, doel, problemen?........................................................................33
Welke vorm? Waarom is vorm belangrijk?..................................................................................................33
Waarom sociale ondernemingen en wat is hun doel?.................................................................................34
Coöperatieve onderneming........................................................................................................35
Geschiedenis en principes coöperatie..........................................................................................................35
Coöperatie vs Reguliere vennootschap........................................................................................................36
Types coöperatieven.....................................................................................................................................36
Coöperatie....................................................................................................................................................36
Les 7 : Duurzaam ondernemen.........................................................................................37
Grand challenges........................................................................................................................37
Sustainable Development Goals (SDG’s)......................................................................................................37
Collective action problem.............................................................................................................................37
Hegemonisering..........................................................................................................................38
3 Stappen tot hegemonisering:....................................................................................................................38
Driver voor hegemonisering.........................................................................................................................38
4 institutionele evoluties rond hegemonisering...........................................................................................38
The big disconnect......................................................................................................................39
Theoretische perspectieven........................................................................................................39
Les 8 : Politiek (On)Verantwoord Ondernemen.................................................................40
Introductie : antiracisme via de markt?......................................................................................40
, De multinational vervult 2 type politieke rollen...........................................................................................40
De politieke rol van de multinationale onderneming : PCSR.......................................................41
(Neo) Liberale opvatting : bedrijven als private actoren..............................................................................41
Political Corporate Social Responsibility.......................................................................................................41
Kritische kanttekeningen van (Rhodes & Fleming) rond ‘politiek verantwoord ondernemen’...................43
De politieke rol van de multinationale onderneming: Corporate activisme................................44
Hoe de hedendaagse populariteit van corporate activisme verklaren?......................................44
MVO vs. Corporate Activisme.......................................................................................................................44
3 kritieken op Corporate Activisme..............................................................................................................45
, Les 1 : Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)
Wat is Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)?
CSR encompasses the economic, legal, ethical and philantropic expectations that society
has of organizations at a given point in time (Carroll, 1979)
verwachtingen tov de maatschappij
Business decision making linked to ethical values, compliance with legal requirements, and
respect for people, communities, and the environment around the world (Aaronson, 2003)
beslissingen door het management
The notion that corporations have an obligation to constituent groups in society other than
stockholders and beyond that prescribed by law and union contract (Jones, 1980)
verplichting van bedrijven tov andere groepen in de samenleving
3 belangrijkste dimensies bij CSR
- Stakeholders
- Sociale, economische en milieu
- Vrijwillig of verplicht?
CSR refers to the integration of an
enterprise’s social, environmental, ethical
and philantrophic responsibilities towards
society into its operations, processes, and
core business strategy in cooperation with
relevant stakeholders (Rasche, Morsing &
Moon, 2017)
Integratie van sociale, milieu- en ethische
verplichtingen tov de maatschappij in hun
operaties, processen, bedrijfsstrategie… in
samenwerking met hun belanghebbenden
- CSR is verbonden met de kernactiviteiten, strategie en bedrijfsprocessen van een
onderneming
- CSR wordt ontwikkeld in samenwerking met stakeholders (cf. infra)
- CSR is multidimensioneel (maatschappelijk welzijn en leefmilieu)
- CSR is een zaak van multinationals én KMOs
- CSR is geen puur vrijwillige materie, zoals vele andere definities beklemtonen (bv.
oude EU-definitie; Pedersen, 2015)
o Bedrijven worden hier vaak toe verplicht door de wet dus is niet meer
vrijwillig
Corporate Social Irresponsibility (CSIR) = “corporate activity that negatively affects an
identifiable social stakeholder’s legitimate claims” (Rasche, Morsing & Moon, 2017)
- CSR en CSIR geen uitersten van een continuum, bestaan vaak naast elkaar
