NUR 2459 Rasmussen Mental Health Exam 1 Modules 1-3

what are some psychiatric historical events that have occurred in the early psychiatric era? - ANS-18th century- state asylums created, 600,000 residents were in them, 1st school or psychiatric nursing was created in 1882, deinstitutionalization, shift in role of the nurse from custodial care to professional care. explain what early use of phenothiazine was for in early psych nursing. - ANS-it was discovered to help control psychotic behaviors and improve/ clear thinking. what were the two nursing interventions associated with somatic therapy in early psych nursing? - ANS-insulin therapy ECT therapy explain significance of insulin therapy in the early psych era. - ANS-insulin was administered until the client was comatose, this could kill the patient because the blood sugar could drop below normal levels, but it helped relive psych symptoms. explain significance of early ECT therapy. - ANS-an electrical stimulus was given to the brain with the result of a grand-map seizure. now we can control the shock given and give medications to sedate the client and stimulate the seizure and for proper monitoring throughout the procedure. explain what deinstitutionalization is. - ANS-there was a massive discharge of psychiatric patients from mental hospitals back to their original communities. what is significant about the impact of deinstitutionalization? - ANS-many of the psych patients who needed services were forced onto the streets, potentially leading them to more harm and crime. 3 main reasons deinstitutionalization was initiated. - ANS-the belief that treatment in the hospitals was inhumane hope that medications would offer a cure lack of funding at the state and federal level what is the order of maslows hierarchy of needs bottom to top? - ANS-physiological needs-safety need- love and belong needs- self esteem- self actualization what is important to know about maslows hierarchy of needs? - ANS-motivation is continuous quest for self actualization, can reverse levels based on life circumstances, lower level needs must be met first before advancement to higher level psychological needs. examples of psychotherapy - ANS-behavioral therapy, cognitive therapy, didactical behavior therapy based on a verbal therapist to client interaction examples of open environment therapies - ANS-family, group and milieu therapy examples of Brian stimulation techniques - ANS-ECT, trans-cranial magnetic stimulation, vagus nerve stimulation explain what behavioral therapy is. - ANS-aims to modify maladaptive behavior patterns. based that a behavior is learned and has consequences and abnormal behavior results from an attempt to avoid painful feelings and reduce anxiety. what is the nurses role with behavioral therapy? - ANS-Role of the nurse: to use the nursing process to assist the client with behavior modification. This can be through 1 on 1 groups, different ways like classical and operant conditioning explain what cognitive therapy is. - ANS-focuses on individual client thoughts and behaviors to solve current problems. Based on changing the way one thinks. what is the role of the nurse with cognitive therapy? - ANS-the nurse will plan psychoeducation, use of the therapeutic relationship and counseling interventions. They also reevaluate to determine if intervention was successful with the therapy. explain what cognitive behavioral therapy is (CBT) - ANS-uses both cognitive and behavioral approaches to assist a client with anxiety management. explain what family therapy is - ANS-therapy based on family dynamics and improving family functioning by learning the ways for dealing with mental illness in the family, improving understanding among family members, maximizing positive interaction with family members. explain what milieu therapy is - ANS-creates an environment that is supportive and therapeutic and safe to benefit clients and promote coping within a safe place. explain what group therapy is - ANS-therapy focused on helping individuals develop more functional and satisfying reactions within a group setting with common feelings, experiences and thoughts that lead to positive behavior changes from interaction and feedback. explain what ECT is used today - ANS-the induction of a grand-mal seizure through the application of electrical currents to the brain during anesthesia. Electrodes are placed bilaterally and an appropriate dose of electrical current is sent through the brain to enhance the effects of certain neurotransmitters. Continues...