ATI PEDIATRICS PROCTORED EXAM 2019 RETAKE GUIDE WITH EXPLANATIONS

1. What is the correct amount of wet diapers a mature infant should produce each day? A) An infant should have 9 to 10 wet diapers/day. B) An infant should have 6 to 8 wet diapers/day. C) An infant should have 3 to 5 wet diapers/day. D) An infant should have 1 to 2 wet diapers/day. B Urination occurs in the first 24 hours of life. A normal amount of urine is 200 to 300 ml/day as the infant matures. This amount is equal to 6 to 8 wet diapers/day. The infant should have an intake of between 140 to 160 ml/kg/day to be well hydrated and nourished. This amount of intake will produce the 6 to 8 diapers/day. Page 978 2. A parent asks the nurse if her 2-month-old could have bananas yet. The nurse would respond and educate the parent on the nutrition stages of infants by which of these responses? A) "Sure, if you feel she is ready to have bananas." B) "When did you feed your other child bananas? C) "In one month you can try bananas if you think she is ready." D) "In two months you can try bananas if you think she is ready." D The nurse should choose this response because no solid foods are recommended for infants until 3 months of age. The age of 4 to 6 months is the age recommended to introduce solid foods. The other responses are the incorrect age or are letting the parent decide the appropriate answer. Page 981 3. The nurse goes in to check on a new mother to see how breast-feeding is going with her new son. The nurse observes the infant is on the mother's lap with the blanket unwrapped, and the mother is washing his face, and gently stroking the baby. The mother has had trouble breastfeeding the last few times. What is the appropriate response from the nurse? A) "You are doing a wonderful job attempting to wake the baby." B) "Maybe you should watch the breastfeeding video again." C) "That is not how you get him to eat." D) "You will never get him to eat all unwrapped like that." A The nurse should be emotionally supportive to the new mom. The mom's techniques are commonly used in breastfed infants who are sleeping. The encouragement from the nurse will support the mom through this learning period. The other responses do not emotionally support the mom or contribute to a positive learning environment. Page 987 4. The infant weighs 7 lb 4 oz (3,248 g) at birth. If the infant is following a normal pattern of growth, what would be the expected weight for this child at the age of 12 months? A) 14 lb 8 oz (6.6 kg) B) 21 lb 12 oz (9.9 kg) C) 25 lb (11.3 kg) D) 28 lb 4 oz (12.8 kg) B The average weight of a newborn is 7.5 lb (3400 g). The infant gains about 30 g each day. By four months of age, the infant has doubled the birthweight. By 1 year of age, the infant has tripled the birthweight and has grown 10 to 12 in (25 to 30 cm). 7.25 lb × 3 = 21.75 lb or 21 lb 12 oz Page 960 5. The best way for an infant's parent to help the child complete the developmental task of the first year is to: A) expose the infant to many caregivers to help the infant learn variability. B) respond to the infant consistently. C) talk to the infant at a special time each day. D) keep the infant stimulated with many toys. B The developmental task of an infant is gaining a sense of trust. The infant develops this sense from the caretakers who respond to the child's needs, such as feeding, changing diapers, being held. It is a continuous process. A sense of trust is difficult to learn if things are constantly changing. Consistently responding to an infant's needs helps to build a sense of trust. An infant is too young to have variability in caretakers. This causes mistrust. The parents or caretakers do not need a special time to talk to the infant each day. It should be done with each interaction. Providing too much stimulus before the infant develops gross motor skills causes frustration from the child and not enjoyment. Page 967