Practice Final
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A good which is rival but non excludable, and thus subject to overexploitation, is known
as a:
a. private good
b. club good
c. common pool resource
d. public good
ANS: C
2. Which of the following is NOT true of human rights in recent decades?
a. Ratification of human rights treaties is associated with clearly better human rights
records in those states.
b. There can exist a tension between the desire to take international action to stop
human rights abuses and the principle of state sovereignty.
c. Western Europe has had consistently high human rights performance, while South
Asia has done poorly.
d. Major human rights accords include the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in
1948 and the International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights in
1976.
ANS: A
,3. If a terrorist group launches attacks prior to elections or peace negotiations, designed to
signal to the target country that the home government is either unwilling or unable to
prevent attacks, this best exemplifies the strategy of:
a. coercion
b. provocation
c. spoiling
d. outbidding
ANS: C
4. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights includes all of the following EXCEPT:
a. employment, and equal pay for equal work
b. rest and leisure
c. an adequate standard of living
d. marriage and procreation
e. none of these—all are included in the UDHR
ANS: E
5. Which of the following is true of transnational advocacy networks?
a. They are able to achieve results only when able to directly or indirectly apply
significant economic pressure to states.
b. They are characterized by back and forth reciprocal interaction in which members
voluntarily share information and political strategies.
c. They always serve purposes that are widely agreed to be normatively “good,” such
as protecting human rights or the environment.
d. They tend to have a clear hierarchical structure, with members taking clear
direction from a strong central leadership.
, ANS: B
6. In the norm life cycle presented by Keck and Sikkink:
a. norms start out widely accepted, then fade until they are not followed, leading to a
boomerang where actors once again begin to believe in them
b. norm entrepreneurs frame issues to convince others to share their beliefs,
eventually leading to a norm cascade as more actors accept them
c. norms become widely accepted quite easily but are never effective in altering
behavior unless some sort of enforcement is present
d. norms tend to begin to reach prominence in the Global South before ultimately
transitioning to the Global North as well
ANS: B
7. Which of the following is true about environmental performance?
a. States with a high per capita GDP tend to have better environmental performance.
b. Global carbon emissions have remained fairly constant over the last fifty years.
c. The United States is around the world average in fossil fuel usage per capita.
d. Travel is a trivially small percentage of global carbon emissions.
ANS: A
8. Terrorist attacks are distinguished from conventional state military operations by all of
the following EXCEPT:
a. terrorists primarily attack civilians or noncombatants rather than other soldiers or
strategic military targets
b. terrorist actions are primarily intended to influence an audience rather than to
, achieve a direct military objective
c. terrorists are generally irrational or deluded rather than having particular strategies
designed to achieve goals
d. terrorist organizations are usually subnational groups rather than officially
representing a whole state or national group
ANS: C
9. In which of the following scenarios could the case be heard by the International Criminal
Court (ICC)?
a. State A is not a party to the ICC. A citizen in state A is tortured by state A’s
government and wishes to bring a case to the ICC under the legal concept of
universal jurisdiction.
b. State B is a party to the ICC. A citizen in state B is tortured by state B’s
government. The citizen brings a case against his or her torturers and a judge in
state B sentences them each to five years in prison. The citizen feels as though the
sentence was too lenient and wants to appeal the
case to the ICC.
c. A citizen of the United States is tortured by the U.S. government. The citizen
attempts to bring a case against his or her torturers in a U.S. court, but no judge
will hear the case. The citizen wants to file a case with the ICC as a court of last
resort.
d. State C is not a party to the ICC. A citizen in state C is tortured by state C’s
government. The United Nations Security Council refers the case to the head
prosecutor of the ICC and requests that the ICC hear it.
e. None of the above; the ICC has no jurisdiction in any of the scenarios.
ANS: D
10. Which type of state would be most likely to sign and ratify a new human rights
agreement?
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A good which is rival but non excludable, and thus subject to overexploitation, is known
as a:
a. private good
b. club good
c. common pool resource
d. public good
ANS: C
2. Which of the following is NOT true of human rights in recent decades?
a. Ratification of human rights treaties is associated with clearly better human rights
records in those states.
b. There can exist a tension between the desire to take international action to stop
human rights abuses and the principle of state sovereignty.
c. Western Europe has had consistently high human rights performance, while South
Asia has done poorly.
d. Major human rights accords include the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in
1948 and the International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights in
1976.
ANS: A
,3. If a terrorist group launches attacks prior to elections or peace negotiations, designed to
signal to the target country that the home government is either unwilling or unable to
prevent attacks, this best exemplifies the strategy of:
a. coercion
b. provocation
c. spoiling
d. outbidding
ANS: C
4. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights includes all of the following EXCEPT:
a. employment, and equal pay for equal work
b. rest and leisure
c. an adequate standard of living
d. marriage and procreation
e. none of these—all are included in the UDHR
ANS: E
5. Which of the following is true of transnational advocacy networks?
a. They are able to achieve results only when able to directly or indirectly apply
significant economic pressure to states.
b. They are characterized by back and forth reciprocal interaction in which members
voluntarily share information and political strategies.
c. They always serve purposes that are widely agreed to be normatively “good,” such
as protecting human rights or the environment.
d. They tend to have a clear hierarchical structure, with members taking clear
direction from a strong central leadership.
, ANS: B
6. In the norm life cycle presented by Keck and Sikkink:
a. norms start out widely accepted, then fade until they are not followed, leading to a
boomerang where actors once again begin to believe in them
b. norm entrepreneurs frame issues to convince others to share their beliefs,
eventually leading to a norm cascade as more actors accept them
c. norms become widely accepted quite easily but are never effective in altering
behavior unless some sort of enforcement is present
d. norms tend to begin to reach prominence in the Global South before ultimately
transitioning to the Global North as well
ANS: B
7. Which of the following is true about environmental performance?
a. States with a high per capita GDP tend to have better environmental performance.
b. Global carbon emissions have remained fairly constant over the last fifty years.
c. The United States is around the world average in fossil fuel usage per capita.
d. Travel is a trivially small percentage of global carbon emissions.
ANS: A
8. Terrorist attacks are distinguished from conventional state military operations by all of
the following EXCEPT:
a. terrorists primarily attack civilians or noncombatants rather than other soldiers or
strategic military targets
b. terrorist actions are primarily intended to influence an audience rather than to
, achieve a direct military objective
c. terrorists are generally irrational or deluded rather than having particular strategies
designed to achieve goals
d. terrorist organizations are usually subnational groups rather than officially
representing a whole state or national group
ANS: C
9. In which of the following scenarios could the case be heard by the International Criminal
Court (ICC)?
a. State A is not a party to the ICC. A citizen in state A is tortured by state A’s
government and wishes to bring a case to the ICC under the legal concept of
universal jurisdiction.
b. State B is a party to the ICC. A citizen in state B is tortured by state B’s
government. The citizen brings a case against his or her torturers and a judge in
state B sentences them each to five years in prison. The citizen feels as though the
sentence was too lenient and wants to appeal the
case to the ICC.
c. A citizen of the United States is tortured by the U.S. government. The citizen
attempts to bring a case against his or her torturers in a U.S. court, but no judge
will hear the case. The citizen wants to file a case with the ICC as a court of last
resort.
d. State C is not a party to the ICC. A citizen in state C is tortured by state C’s
government. The United Nations Security Council refers the case to the head
prosecutor of the ICC and requests that the ICC hear it.
e. None of the above; the ICC has no jurisdiction in any of the scenarios.
ANS: D
10. Which type of state would be most likely to sign and ratify a new human rights
agreement?
