NEW MEDIASTUDIES
Ralf De Wolf
2021-2022
ANNELIES VAN WALLEGHEM
,Inhoudsopgave
1 Introduction New Media Studies.........................................................................................................1
1.1 Technological determinism, social determinism & mutual shaping.............................................1
1.2 Structure VS Agency.....................................................................................................................2
1.2.1 Example social media:............................................................................................................2
1.3 Classical view on technology & society.........................................................................................4
1.3.1 Feenberg: theories on technology & society.........................................................................4
1.4 Case study.....................................................................................................................................5
1.4.1 Social implications.................................................................................................................5
1.5 Technologies as a social construct................................................................................................6
1.6 Technical arrangements as forms of order...................................................................................6
1.7 Critical reflection?.........................................................................................................................7
2 Networked society and Social relationships PART I.............................................................................7
2.1 Situating the networked society...................................................................................................7
2.1.1 Gemeinschaft & Gesellschaft (1887)......................................................................................7
2.1.2 Individualism..........................................................................................................................9
2.1.3 Network society.....................................................................................................................9
2.2 New Media & Sociality................................................................................................................10
2.2.1 Virtual community (+)..........................................................................................................10
2.2.2 Virtual community (-)...........................................................................................................10
2.2.3 Networked individualism Barry Wellman & Lee Rainie........................................................12
2.2.4 Triple revolution..................................................................................................................13
2.2.5 Alone together Turkle..........................................................................................................15
2.2.6 “Networked individualism” versus “alone together”...........................................................16
2.2.7 Afterthoughts.......................................................................................................................16
2.2.8 Critiques (Livingstone, 2018)...............................................................................................17
2.2.9 Critiques (Orben et al., 2019)...............................................................................................18
2.2.10 Digital wellbeing as a dynamic construct...........................................................................18
To conclude..................................................................................................................................19
3 Mobile Media & Society (Mariek Vanden Abeele).............................................................................20
3.1 Intro............................................................................................................................................20
3.2 The Network Logic......................................................................................................................21
3.2.1 Socio-historical perspective on place & time.......................................................................21
3.2.2 Space of flows......................................................................................................................22
3.2.3 Timeless time.......................................................................................................................23
, 3.2.4 Implication...........................................................................................................................23
3.2.5 Flipside of greater autonomy...............................................................................................27
3.3 The social logic............................................................................................................................27
3.3.1 Societal change....................................................................................................................27
3.3.2 Implications.........................................................................................................................29
3.3.3 But… Flipside of connected presence..................................................................................30
3.4 The personal logic.......................................................................................................................31
3.4.1 From a ‘modern’ to a ‘late modern’ consumer....................................................................31
3.4.2 Societal change....................................................................................................................32
3.4.3 Implications.........................................................................................................................32
3.4.4 But… Flipside of personalization..........................................................................................33
4 Privacy and Surveillance part I...........................................................................................................35
4.1 Conceptualization of privacy.......................................................................................................35
4.1.1 Individual.............................................................................................................................35
4.1.2 Context................................................................................................................................36
4.1.3 Networked (boyd, mawick, vitak, …)....................................................................................42
4.2 Summary conceptualization of privacy.......................................................................................43
4.3 Surveillance Panoptic, social and intimate surveillance..............................................................43
4.3.1 Panoptic surveillance...........................................................................................................44
5 Privacy and Surveillance PART II........................................................................................................49
5.1 (Young) people’s privacy practices (The young and the reckless?).............................................49
5.1.1 Moral panic..........................................................................................................................49
5.1.2 Privacy paradox....................................................................................................................50
5.1.3 (Creative) privacy management strategies..........................................................................51
5.1.4 Privacy fatigue (De Wolf ,2020)...........................................................................................52
5.1.5 Control responsibility (De Wolf & Joye, 2019).....................................................................52
5.2 Privacy and innovation (Moving beyond control options and transparency).............................53
5.2.1 behavioral economics..........................................................................................................53
5.2.2 Privacy by design.................................................................................................................54
5.2.3 Privacy as.............................................................................................................................54
6 Media literacy and inequality............................................................................................................55
6.1 ConceptualIzing media literacy...................................................................................................55
6.2 Media literacy policy...................................................................................................................60
6.2.1 E-inclusion Policy in Flanders...............................................................................................60
6.2.2 Media literacy in Europe (Santos et al., 2017).....................................................................62
6.2.3 Global digital divide.............................................................................................................63
, 6.2.4 Media literacy… very broad and fragmented.......................................................................63
6.3 Case study: advertising literacy..................................................................................................64
6.3.1 Celebrity endorsement........................................................................................................64
6.3.2 Product placement..............................................................................................................64
6.3.3 Advergames.........................................................................................................................64
6.3.4 Native advertising................................................................................................................64
6.3.5 Assessment of new advertising formats..............................................................................64
6.3.6 Advertising literacy..............................................................................................................65
6.3.7 Advertising literacy..............................................................................................................65
6.3.8 Social influencer advertising................................................................................................65
6.4 Media literacy as the silver bullet solution.................................................................................66
7 Political economy and new media.....................................................................................................66
7.1 from practices to platform..........................................................................................................66
7.1.1 Identity................................................................................................................................66
7.1.2 Performance........................................................................................................................67
7.2 Self Awareness............................................................................................................................69
7.3 from platform to practices..........................................................................................................70
7.3.1 Political economy and new media.......................................................................................70
7.3.2 Informational capitalism (Siapera, 2018).............................................................................70
7.3.3 Generation like....................................................................................................................71
7.3.4 Micro celebraties (Abidin, 2018)..........................................................................................72
7.3.5 Lock- in.................................................................................................................................73
7.3.6 Sharing economy.................................................................................................................73
8 Digital citizenship and activism..........................................................................................................75
8.1 Digital Citizenship and public sphere..........................................................................................75
8.1.1 Digital citizenship.................................................................................................................76
8.1.2 Public sphere (Habermas)....................................................................................................77
8.1.3 Pseudo public sphere? (Fuchs, 2017)...................................................................................78
8.1.4 Online public sphere & critique...........................................................................................78
8.2 Digital activism............................................................................................................................79
8.2.1 Clicktivism............................................................................................................................79
8.2.2 Networked social movements............................................................................................80
8.2.3 New Media New forms of protest.......................................................................................80
8.2.4 Personal action frames........................................................................................................80
8.2.5 Repertoires of contention....................................................................................................81
8.2.6 Digital activism… it’s often complex.....................................................................................81
Ralf De Wolf
2021-2022
ANNELIES VAN WALLEGHEM
,Inhoudsopgave
1 Introduction New Media Studies.........................................................................................................1
1.1 Technological determinism, social determinism & mutual shaping.............................................1
1.2 Structure VS Agency.....................................................................................................................2
1.2.1 Example social media:............................................................................................................2
1.3 Classical view on technology & society.........................................................................................4
1.3.1 Feenberg: theories on technology & society.........................................................................4
1.4 Case study.....................................................................................................................................5
1.4.1 Social implications.................................................................................................................5
1.5 Technologies as a social construct................................................................................................6
1.6 Technical arrangements as forms of order...................................................................................6
1.7 Critical reflection?.........................................................................................................................7
2 Networked society and Social relationships PART I.............................................................................7
2.1 Situating the networked society...................................................................................................7
2.1.1 Gemeinschaft & Gesellschaft (1887)......................................................................................7
2.1.2 Individualism..........................................................................................................................9
2.1.3 Network society.....................................................................................................................9
2.2 New Media & Sociality................................................................................................................10
2.2.1 Virtual community (+)..........................................................................................................10
2.2.2 Virtual community (-)...........................................................................................................10
2.2.3 Networked individualism Barry Wellman & Lee Rainie........................................................12
2.2.4 Triple revolution..................................................................................................................13
2.2.5 Alone together Turkle..........................................................................................................15
2.2.6 “Networked individualism” versus “alone together”...........................................................16
2.2.7 Afterthoughts.......................................................................................................................16
2.2.8 Critiques (Livingstone, 2018)...............................................................................................17
2.2.9 Critiques (Orben et al., 2019)...............................................................................................18
2.2.10 Digital wellbeing as a dynamic construct...........................................................................18
To conclude..................................................................................................................................19
3 Mobile Media & Society (Mariek Vanden Abeele).............................................................................20
3.1 Intro............................................................................................................................................20
3.2 The Network Logic......................................................................................................................21
3.2.1 Socio-historical perspective on place & time.......................................................................21
3.2.2 Space of flows......................................................................................................................22
3.2.3 Timeless time.......................................................................................................................23
, 3.2.4 Implication...........................................................................................................................23
3.2.5 Flipside of greater autonomy...............................................................................................27
3.3 The social logic............................................................................................................................27
3.3.1 Societal change....................................................................................................................27
3.3.2 Implications.........................................................................................................................29
3.3.3 But… Flipside of connected presence..................................................................................30
3.4 The personal logic.......................................................................................................................31
3.4.1 From a ‘modern’ to a ‘late modern’ consumer....................................................................31
3.4.2 Societal change....................................................................................................................32
3.4.3 Implications.........................................................................................................................32
3.4.4 But… Flipside of personalization..........................................................................................33
4 Privacy and Surveillance part I...........................................................................................................35
4.1 Conceptualization of privacy.......................................................................................................35
4.1.1 Individual.............................................................................................................................35
4.1.2 Context................................................................................................................................36
4.1.3 Networked (boyd, mawick, vitak, …)....................................................................................42
4.2 Summary conceptualization of privacy.......................................................................................43
4.3 Surveillance Panoptic, social and intimate surveillance..............................................................43
4.3.1 Panoptic surveillance...........................................................................................................44
5 Privacy and Surveillance PART II........................................................................................................49
5.1 (Young) people’s privacy practices (The young and the reckless?).............................................49
5.1.1 Moral panic..........................................................................................................................49
5.1.2 Privacy paradox....................................................................................................................50
5.1.3 (Creative) privacy management strategies..........................................................................51
5.1.4 Privacy fatigue (De Wolf ,2020)...........................................................................................52
5.1.5 Control responsibility (De Wolf & Joye, 2019).....................................................................52
5.2 Privacy and innovation (Moving beyond control options and transparency).............................53
5.2.1 behavioral economics..........................................................................................................53
5.2.2 Privacy by design.................................................................................................................54
5.2.3 Privacy as.............................................................................................................................54
6 Media literacy and inequality............................................................................................................55
6.1 ConceptualIzing media literacy...................................................................................................55
6.2 Media literacy policy...................................................................................................................60
6.2.1 E-inclusion Policy in Flanders...............................................................................................60
6.2.2 Media literacy in Europe (Santos et al., 2017).....................................................................62
6.2.3 Global digital divide.............................................................................................................63
, 6.2.4 Media literacy… very broad and fragmented.......................................................................63
6.3 Case study: advertising literacy..................................................................................................64
6.3.1 Celebrity endorsement........................................................................................................64
6.3.2 Product placement..............................................................................................................64
6.3.3 Advergames.........................................................................................................................64
6.3.4 Native advertising................................................................................................................64
6.3.5 Assessment of new advertising formats..............................................................................64
6.3.6 Advertising literacy..............................................................................................................65
6.3.7 Advertising literacy..............................................................................................................65
6.3.8 Social influencer advertising................................................................................................65
6.4 Media literacy as the silver bullet solution.................................................................................66
7 Political economy and new media.....................................................................................................66
7.1 from practices to platform..........................................................................................................66
7.1.1 Identity................................................................................................................................66
7.1.2 Performance........................................................................................................................67
7.2 Self Awareness............................................................................................................................69
7.3 from platform to practices..........................................................................................................70
7.3.1 Political economy and new media.......................................................................................70
7.3.2 Informational capitalism (Siapera, 2018).............................................................................70
7.3.3 Generation like....................................................................................................................71
7.3.4 Micro celebraties (Abidin, 2018)..........................................................................................72
7.3.5 Lock- in.................................................................................................................................73
7.3.6 Sharing economy.................................................................................................................73
8 Digital citizenship and activism..........................................................................................................75
8.1 Digital Citizenship and public sphere..........................................................................................75
8.1.1 Digital citizenship.................................................................................................................76
8.1.2 Public sphere (Habermas)....................................................................................................77
8.1.3 Pseudo public sphere? (Fuchs, 2017)...................................................................................78
8.1.4 Online public sphere & critique...........................................................................................78
8.2 Digital activism............................................................................................................................79
8.2.1 Clicktivism............................................................................................................................79
8.2.2 Networked social movements............................................................................................80
8.2.3 New Media New forms of protest.......................................................................................80
8.2.4 Personal action frames........................................................................................................80
8.2.5 Repertoires of contention....................................................................................................81
8.2.6 Digital activism… it’s often complex.....................................................................................81
