Exam (elaborations) PATHO 2410 (PATHO2410) PATHO 2410 Nutrition/Elimination/Sexuality Test Bank

Nutrition/Elimination & Sexuality (CP #4) Test Bank Chapter 17 1. Which of the following cells in the gastric mucosa produce intrinsic factor and hydrochloric acid? a. Parietal cells b. Chief cells c. Mucous cells d. Gastrin cells 2. Which of the following is the primary site for absorption of nutrients? a. Stomach b. Duodenum c. Ileum d. Ascending colon 3. When highly acidic chyme enters the duodenum, which hormone stimulates the release of pancreatic secretions that contains very high bicarbonate ion content? a. Gastrin b. Secretin c. Cholecystokinin d. Histamine 4. Which of the following breaks protein down into peptides? a. Amylase b. Peptidase c. Lactase d. Trypsin 5. In which structure is oxygenated blood (arterial) mixed with unoxygenated blood (venous) so as to support the functions of the structure? a. Pancreas b. Liver c. Small intestine d. Spleen 6. Which of the following stimulates increased peristalsis and secretions in the digestive tract? a. Sympathetic nervous system b. Vagus nerve c. Increased saliva d. Absence of food in the system 7. Which of the following is contained in pancreatic exocrine secretions? a. Bicarbonate ion b. Hydrochloric acid c. Activated digestive enzymes d. Insulin 8. The presence of food in the intestine stimulates intestinal activity but inhibits gastric activity through the: a. Defecation reflex b. Enterogastric reflex c. Vomiting reflex d. Autodigestive reflex 9. Which of the following processes is likely to occur in the body immediately after a meal? a. Lipolysis b. Ketogenesis c. Gluconeogenesis d. Glycogenesis 10. What does the term gluconeogenesis refer to? a. Breakdown of glycogen to produce glucose b. Conversion of excess glucose into glycogen for storage c. Formation of glucose from protein and fat d. Breakdown of glucose into carbon dioxide and water 11. Normally, proteins or amino acids are required to produce all of the following EXCEPT: a. Peptide hormones b. Clotting factors and antibodies c. Cellular energy d. Hemoglobin 12. Which of the following statements applies to bile salts? a. The give feces the characteristic brown color b. They are enzymes used to break down fats into free fatty acids c. They emulsify lipids and lipid-soluble vitamins d. They are excreted in the feces 13. The visceral peritoneum: a. Lines the abdominal wall b. Hangs from the stomach over the lops of small intestine c. Contains many pain receptors d. Form the outer covering of the stomach 14. The early stage of vomiting causes: a. Metabolic alkalosis b. Metabolic acidosis c. Increased respirations d. Increased excretion of hydrogen ions 15. Yellow or greenish stained vomitus usually indicated the presence of: a. Bile b. Blood c. Protein d. Bacteria 16. Small, hidden amounts of blood in stool are referred to as: a. Melena b. Occult blood c. Frank blood d. Hematemesis 17. Severe vomiting can leas to metabolic acidosis because of increased: a. Ketones produces b. CO2 retained in the lungs and kidneys c. Hypovolemia and lactic acid production d. Metabolic rate 18. Which of the following applies to the act of swallowing? a. It requires coordination of cranial nerves V, IX, X, and XII. b. It is entirely voluntary c. It is controlled by a center in the hypothalamus d. It does not affect respiration 19. What does the defecation reflex require? a. Stimulation by the sympathetic nervous system b. Contraction of the internal anal sphincter c. Coordination through the sacral spinal cord d. Voluntary relaxation of pelvic muscles 20. What is the definition of dysphagia? a. A herniation of the gastric mucosa through a segment of weakened muscle b. Recurrent reflux of chyme into the esophagus c. Absence of a connection of the esophagus to the stomach d. Difficulty swallowing 21. What does congenital esophageal atresia cause? a. Direct passage of saliva and food from the mouth into the trachea b. Repeated reflux of gastric secretions into the esophagus c. No fluid or food entering the stomach d. Gastric distention and cramps 22. Which of the following applies to cleft palate? a. The mandibular processes do not fuse b. The hard and soft palates do not fuse during the first trimester of pregnancy c. Exposure to environmental factors in the last trimester causes the defect d. Speech and eating are not affected 23. Oral candidiasis is considered to: a. Be a common bacterial infection in infants and young children b. Cause painful ulcerations in the mucosa and tongue c. Cause white patches in the mucosa that cannot be scraped off d. Be an opportunistic fungal infection of the mouth