CSO EXAM 3 QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT v v v v v
ANSWERS 2025/2026 v v
Cancer cachexia - CORRECT ANSWER -per sample test question:temporal wasting, depleted fat
v v v v v v v v v v v
stores, profound anorexia
v v v
Multifactorial syndrome characterized by ongoing loss of skeletal muscle mass, anorexia, early
v v v v v v v v v v v
satiety,wt loss, anemia,edema,fatigue, possiblemetabolic alterations, increased inflammatory
v v v v v v v v v v v
markers and progressive functional impairment.
v v v v v
Pathophysiologycharacterized bynegativeprotein energybalancedrivenbyvariable combination v v v v v v v v v v
of reduced food intake and abnormal metabolism
v v v v v v v
Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) - CORRECT ANSWER -a disease caused by the immune response v v v v v v v v v v v v
of histoincompatible, immunocompetent donor cells against the tissues of an
v v v v v v v v v v
immunoincompetent host; an immuniologic reaction of allogeneic donor cells (graft) reacting against
v v v v v v v v v v v v
the pt (host) tissues
v v v v
Evidenced by icterus & abnormal liver functions, severe /secretory diarrhea - may need total bowel
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
rest --> isomotic, low residue, lactose-free diet --> solids with low lactose, fiber, fat & acideity,
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
gastric irritants --> regular diet
v v v v v
- usually 3 months after transplant (but may be 7-10 days post)
v v v v v v v v v v v
Tumor necrosis factor - CORRECT ANSWER -a protein that is produced chiefly by monocytes and
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
macrophages in response especially to endotoxins and that mediates inflammation and induces the
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
destruction of some tumor cells and the activation of white blood cells
v v v v v v v v v v v v
(cachectin, interleukin-1, interleukin-6, interferon-y); a hormone-like protein that releases fat
v v v v v v v v v
from fat stores, reduces the concentration of enzymes required for the production and storage of fat
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
& induces a stage of anorexia
v v v v v v
,Cultural-Halaldiet- CORRECT ANSWER-Muslim/Islamic law. Fasting v v v v v v v
v common
Women have decreased sun exposure 2/2 coverings
v v v v v v
Forbidden: pork, pork products, gelatin, ETOH (including extracts), diet can be low in heme iron
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
Cultural-Kosher diet - CORRECT ANSWER -Jewish dietary laws/ Parve: v v v v v v v v
Separate utensilsfor food prep/eating v v v v
Diet tends to be high in cholesterol, sat fat, sodium, consider DASH
v v v v v v v v v v v
Forbidden: pork, porkproducts, rabbit, shellfish, eelv v v v v v
ALL meats must be slaughtered according to Jewish Law, blood drained prior to cooking/eating.
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
Dairy: milk can be consumed prior to a meal or 3-6 hours after meal
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
No leavened bread during passover
v v v v
Fasting during yom kippur v v v
Cultural-Macrobioticdiet - CORRECT ANSWER -Avoid animal products including dairy, eggs, coffee, v v v v v v v v v v v
sugar, poultry, and processed foods.
v v v v v
No "nightshadevegetables" includingpotato,peppers and eggplant Diet
v v v v v v v v
may be deficient in protein, iron, zinc, vitamin B12 and calcium
v v v v v v v v v v v
50-60% from whole grains, 25-30% from veg, remaining from beans, seaweed, soups
v v v v v v v v v v v
,Cultural-Seventh-DayAdventist:- CORRECT ANSWER -Lacto-ovovegetariandiet Avoid v v v v v v v v
v overeating
Snacking discouraged v
Strong seasonings avoided v v
Avoid: beef, lamb, pork, chicken, seafood, coffee, tea and alcohol Diet
v v v v v v v v v v
may be deficient in protein, iron, zinc, vitamin B12 and calcium
v v v v v v v v v v v
Cultural-The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter -DaySaints (Mormons) - CORRECT ANSWER - forbidden:
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
ETOH, hot drinks (coffee-tea), caffeine
v v v v v
Church encouraged limited meat consumption and to eat mostly grains Some
v v v v v v v v v v
v fast 1 day per month and donate food money to the poor
v v v v v v v v v v v
Antiemetics-5-HT3serotoninantagonists v v
Dolasetron/anzemet
Granisetron/kytril
v
Ondansetron/zofran - CORRECT ANSWER -most effective in the prevention and treatment of v v v v v v v v v v v
chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV), esp caused by highly emetogenic drugs such
v v v v v v v v v v v v
as cisplatin; when used for this purpose, they may be given alone or, more frequently, with
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
glucocorticoid, usually dexamethasone.
v v v
Theyare usuallygiven intravenously,shortlybeforeadministration ofthechemotherapeutic agent.
v v v v v v v v v v v
The concomitant administration of a NK1 receptor antagonist, such as aprepitant, increases the
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
efficacy of 5-HT3 antagonists in preventing both acute and delayed CINV.
v v v v v v v v v v v
The 5-HT3 antagonists are also indicated in the prevention and treatmentof radiation-induced
v v v v v v v v v v v v
nausea and vomiting (RINV) and post-op nausea and vomiting (PONV).
v v v v v v v v v v
, Side effects: headache, diarrhea, constipation, possible EKG changes, somnolence
v v v v v v v v
Chemotx that cause delayed N/V - CORRECT ANSWER -associated with cisplatin,
v v v v v v v v v v
cyclophosphamide, and other drugs (e.g., doxorubicin and ifosfamide) given at high doses or given on
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
2 or more consecutive days
v v v v v
Suggestions for managing anticipatory nausea &vomiting: - CORRECT ANSWER -Physchological
v v v v v v v v v v
techniques and/or the use of benzodiazepines such as lorazepam (Ativan®)
v v v v v v v v v v
Suggestions for Managing Nausea &Vomiting: - CORRECT ANSWER -*Eat small, frequent meals and
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
snacks
v
*Eat toast, crackers, drycereal, bread sticks, pretzels
v v v v v v v
*Try yogurt, sherbet, rice, noodles, baked chicken
v v v v v v
*Serve foods cold or at room temperature
v v v v v v
*Avoid hot, spicy foods v v v
*Avoid fatty, greasy and fried foods- potato chips,french fries, fried meat and sausage
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
*Avoid sweet, fattyfoods such ascandy,cookies or cake
v v v v v v v v v
*Avoid caffeineand alcohol v v v
*Suck on hard candies, peppermints or lemon drops
v v v v v v v
*Slowly drink or sip liquids throughout the day including sports drinks, ginger ale, apple juice and
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
flat pop
v v
*TryEnsure®Enlive!
v v
Mucositis - CORRECT ANSWER -painful inflammation & ulceration of the mucous membranes lining
v v v v v v v v v v v v
the digestive tract, can affect the entire alimentary track from the mouth to the rectum. Usually as an
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
adverse effect of chemotherapy and radiation treatment for cancer.
v v v v v v v v v
ANSWERS 2025/2026 v v
Cancer cachexia - CORRECT ANSWER -per sample test question:temporal wasting, depleted fat
v v v v v v v v v v v
stores, profound anorexia
v v v
Multifactorial syndrome characterized by ongoing loss of skeletal muscle mass, anorexia, early
v v v v v v v v v v v
satiety,wt loss, anemia,edema,fatigue, possiblemetabolic alterations, increased inflammatory
v v v v v v v v v v v
markers and progressive functional impairment.
v v v v v
Pathophysiologycharacterized bynegativeprotein energybalancedrivenbyvariable combination v v v v v v v v v v
of reduced food intake and abnormal metabolism
v v v v v v v
Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) - CORRECT ANSWER -a disease caused by the immune response v v v v v v v v v v v v
of histoincompatible, immunocompetent donor cells against the tissues of an
v v v v v v v v v v
immunoincompetent host; an immuniologic reaction of allogeneic donor cells (graft) reacting against
v v v v v v v v v v v v
the pt (host) tissues
v v v v
Evidenced by icterus & abnormal liver functions, severe /secretory diarrhea - may need total bowel
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
rest --> isomotic, low residue, lactose-free diet --> solids with low lactose, fiber, fat & acideity,
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
gastric irritants --> regular diet
v v v v v
- usually 3 months after transplant (but may be 7-10 days post)
v v v v v v v v v v v
Tumor necrosis factor - CORRECT ANSWER -a protein that is produced chiefly by monocytes and
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
macrophages in response especially to endotoxins and that mediates inflammation and induces the
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
destruction of some tumor cells and the activation of white blood cells
v v v v v v v v v v v v
(cachectin, interleukin-1, interleukin-6, interferon-y); a hormone-like protein that releases fat
v v v v v v v v v
from fat stores, reduces the concentration of enzymes required for the production and storage of fat
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
& induces a stage of anorexia
v v v v v v
,Cultural-Halaldiet- CORRECT ANSWER-Muslim/Islamic law. Fasting v v v v v v v
v common
Women have decreased sun exposure 2/2 coverings
v v v v v v
Forbidden: pork, pork products, gelatin, ETOH (including extracts), diet can be low in heme iron
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
Cultural-Kosher diet - CORRECT ANSWER -Jewish dietary laws/ Parve: v v v v v v v v
Separate utensilsfor food prep/eating v v v v
Diet tends to be high in cholesterol, sat fat, sodium, consider DASH
v v v v v v v v v v v
Forbidden: pork, porkproducts, rabbit, shellfish, eelv v v v v v
ALL meats must be slaughtered according to Jewish Law, blood drained prior to cooking/eating.
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
Dairy: milk can be consumed prior to a meal or 3-6 hours after meal
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
No leavened bread during passover
v v v v
Fasting during yom kippur v v v
Cultural-Macrobioticdiet - CORRECT ANSWER -Avoid animal products including dairy, eggs, coffee, v v v v v v v v v v v
sugar, poultry, and processed foods.
v v v v v
No "nightshadevegetables" includingpotato,peppers and eggplant Diet
v v v v v v v v
may be deficient in protein, iron, zinc, vitamin B12 and calcium
v v v v v v v v v v v
50-60% from whole grains, 25-30% from veg, remaining from beans, seaweed, soups
v v v v v v v v v v v
,Cultural-Seventh-DayAdventist:- CORRECT ANSWER -Lacto-ovovegetariandiet Avoid v v v v v v v v
v overeating
Snacking discouraged v
Strong seasonings avoided v v
Avoid: beef, lamb, pork, chicken, seafood, coffee, tea and alcohol Diet
v v v v v v v v v v
may be deficient in protein, iron, zinc, vitamin B12 and calcium
v v v v v v v v v v v
Cultural-The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter -DaySaints (Mormons) - CORRECT ANSWER - forbidden:
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
ETOH, hot drinks (coffee-tea), caffeine
v v v v v
Church encouraged limited meat consumption and to eat mostly grains Some
v v v v v v v v v v
v fast 1 day per month and donate food money to the poor
v v v v v v v v v v v
Antiemetics-5-HT3serotoninantagonists v v
Dolasetron/anzemet
Granisetron/kytril
v
Ondansetron/zofran - CORRECT ANSWER -most effective in the prevention and treatment of v v v v v v v v v v v
chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV), esp caused by highly emetogenic drugs such
v v v v v v v v v v v v
as cisplatin; when used for this purpose, they may be given alone or, more frequently, with
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
glucocorticoid, usually dexamethasone.
v v v
Theyare usuallygiven intravenously,shortlybeforeadministration ofthechemotherapeutic agent.
v v v v v v v v v v v
The concomitant administration of a NK1 receptor antagonist, such as aprepitant, increases the
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
efficacy of 5-HT3 antagonists in preventing both acute and delayed CINV.
v v v v v v v v v v v
The 5-HT3 antagonists are also indicated in the prevention and treatmentof radiation-induced
v v v v v v v v v v v v
nausea and vomiting (RINV) and post-op nausea and vomiting (PONV).
v v v v v v v v v v
, Side effects: headache, diarrhea, constipation, possible EKG changes, somnolence
v v v v v v v v
Chemotx that cause delayed N/V - CORRECT ANSWER -associated with cisplatin,
v v v v v v v v v v
cyclophosphamide, and other drugs (e.g., doxorubicin and ifosfamide) given at high doses or given on
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
2 or more consecutive days
v v v v v
Suggestions for managing anticipatory nausea &vomiting: - CORRECT ANSWER -Physchological
v v v v v v v v v v
techniques and/or the use of benzodiazepines such as lorazepam (Ativan®)
v v v v v v v v v v
Suggestions for Managing Nausea &Vomiting: - CORRECT ANSWER -*Eat small, frequent meals and
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
snacks
v
*Eat toast, crackers, drycereal, bread sticks, pretzels
v v v v v v v
*Try yogurt, sherbet, rice, noodles, baked chicken
v v v v v v
*Serve foods cold or at room temperature
v v v v v v
*Avoid hot, spicy foods v v v
*Avoid fatty, greasy and fried foods- potato chips,french fries, fried meat and sausage
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
*Avoid sweet, fattyfoods such ascandy,cookies or cake
v v v v v v v v v
*Avoid caffeineand alcohol v v v
*Suck on hard candies, peppermints or lemon drops
v v v v v v v
*Slowly drink or sip liquids throughout the day including sports drinks, ginger ale, apple juice and
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
flat pop
v v
*TryEnsure®Enlive!
v v
Mucositis - CORRECT ANSWER -painful inflammation & ulceration of the mucous membranes lining
v v v v v v v v v v v v
the digestive tract, can affect the entire alimentary track from the mouth to the rectum. Usually as an
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
adverse effect of chemotherapy and radiation treatment for cancer.
v v v v v v v v v
