HESI - FUNDAMENTALS PRACTICE
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
ANSWERS WITH RATIONALE
Instructions
All answers are underlined.
Questions
"It shows the time needed for the SA node impulse to
depolarize the atria and travel through the AV node."
Explanation:
The PR interval is measured from the beginning of the
P wave to the beginning of the QRS complex and
represents the time needed for sinus node
stimulation, atrial depolarization, and conduction
through the AV node before ventricular depolarization.
In a normal heart the impulses do not travel backward.
,The PR interval does not include the time it takes to
travel through the Purkinje fibers <answer>P-R interval
0.24 seconds
Explanation:
In adults, the normal range for the PR is 0.12 to 0.20
seconds. A PR internal of 0.24 seconds would indicate
a first-degree heart block. <answer>Which PR interval
presents a first-degree heart block?
3 checks of safe medication administration
<answer>1) Before you pour, mix, or draw up a medication
2) After you prepare the medication
3) At the bedside
5 stages of infection <answer>Incubation, prodromal,
illness, decline, convalescence
64.A low-sodium, low-protein diet is prescribed for a
45-year-old client with renal insufficiency and
hypertension, who gained 3 pounds in the last month.
The nurse determines that the client has been
,noncompliant with the diet, based on which report
from the 24-hour dietary recall? (Select all that apply.)
A. Snack of potato chips, and diet soda.
B. Lunch of tuna fish sandwich, carrot sticks, fresh
fruit, and coffee.
C. Breakfast of eggs, bacon, toast, and coffee.
D. Dinner of vegetable lasagna, tossed salad, sherbet,
and iced tea.
E. Bedtime snack of crackers and milk.
<answer>Potato chips (A) are high in sodium. Tuna (B) is
high in protein. Bacon (C) and crackers (E) are high in
sodium. Only (D) is a meal that is in compliance with a low
sodium, low protein diet.
Correct Answer: A, B, C, E
65.What intervention should the nurse include in the
plan of care for a client who is being treated with an
Unna's paste boot for leg ulcers due to chronic
venous insufficiency?
A. Check capillary refill of toes on lower extremity with
Unna's paste boot.
B. Apply dressing to wound area before applying the
Unna's paste boot.
, C. Wrap the leg from the knee down towards the foot.
D. Remove the Unna's paste boot q8h to assess
wound healing. <answer>The Unna's paste boot
becomes rigid after it dries, so it is important to check
distally for adequate circulation (A). Kerlix is often
wrapped around the outside of the boot and an ace
bandage may be used to cover both, but no bandage
should be put under it (B). The Unna's paste boot should
be applied from the foot and wrapped towards the knee
(C). The Unna's paste boot acts as a sterile dressing, and
should not be removed q8h. Weekly removal is reasonable
(D).
Correct Answer: A
66.A 75-year-old client who has a history of end stage
renal failure and advanced lung cancer, recently had a
stroke. Two days ago, the healthcare provider
discontinued the client's dialysis treatments, stating
that death is inevitable, but the client is disoriented
and will not sign a DNR directive. What is the priority
nursing intervention?
A. Review the client's most recent laboratory reports.
B. Refer the client and family members for hospice
care.
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
ANSWERS WITH RATIONALE
Instructions
All answers are underlined.
Questions
"It shows the time needed for the SA node impulse to
depolarize the atria and travel through the AV node."
Explanation:
The PR interval is measured from the beginning of the
P wave to the beginning of the QRS complex and
represents the time needed for sinus node
stimulation, atrial depolarization, and conduction
through the AV node before ventricular depolarization.
In a normal heart the impulses do not travel backward.
,The PR interval does not include the time it takes to
travel through the Purkinje fibers <answer>P-R interval
0.24 seconds
Explanation:
In adults, the normal range for the PR is 0.12 to 0.20
seconds. A PR internal of 0.24 seconds would indicate
a first-degree heart block. <answer>Which PR interval
presents a first-degree heart block?
3 checks of safe medication administration
<answer>1) Before you pour, mix, or draw up a medication
2) After you prepare the medication
3) At the bedside
5 stages of infection <answer>Incubation, prodromal,
illness, decline, convalescence
64.A low-sodium, low-protein diet is prescribed for a
45-year-old client with renal insufficiency and
hypertension, who gained 3 pounds in the last month.
The nurse determines that the client has been
,noncompliant with the diet, based on which report
from the 24-hour dietary recall? (Select all that apply.)
A. Snack of potato chips, and diet soda.
B. Lunch of tuna fish sandwich, carrot sticks, fresh
fruit, and coffee.
C. Breakfast of eggs, bacon, toast, and coffee.
D. Dinner of vegetable lasagna, tossed salad, sherbet,
and iced tea.
E. Bedtime snack of crackers and milk.
<answer>Potato chips (A) are high in sodium. Tuna (B) is
high in protein. Bacon (C) and crackers (E) are high in
sodium. Only (D) is a meal that is in compliance with a low
sodium, low protein diet.
Correct Answer: A, B, C, E
65.What intervention should the nurse include in the
plan of care for a client who is being treated with an
Unna's paste boot for leg ulcers due to chronic
venous insufficiency?
A. Check capillary refill of toes on lower extremity with
Unna's paste boot.
B. Apply dressing to wound area before applying the
Unna's paste boot.
, C. Wrap the leg from the knee down towards the foot.
D. Remove the Unna's paste boot q8h to assess
wound healing. <answer>The Unna's paste boot
becomes rigid after it dries, so it is important to check
distally for adequate circulation (A). Kerlix is often
wrapped around the outside of the boot and an ace
bandage may be used to cover both, but no bandage
should be put under it (B). The Unna's paste boot should
be applied from the foot and wrapped towards the knee
(C). The Unna's paste boot acts as a sterile dressing, and
should not be removed q8h. Weekly removal is reasonable
(D).
Correct Answer: A
66.A 75-year-old client who has a history of end stage
renal failure and advanced lung cancer, recently had a
stroke. Two days ago, the healthcare provider
discontinued the client's dialysis treatments, stating
that death is inevitable, but the client is disoriented
and will not sign a DNR directive. What is the priority
nursing intervention?
A. Review the client's most recent laboratory reports.
B. Refer the client and family members for hospice
care.
