BIO-110 Lab Practical Exam 2
Questions with Verified Answers
Use this link to practice differentiating mitosis/meiosis stages. -
ANSWERShttp://www.biology.arizona.edu/cell_bio/activities/cell_cycle/cell_cycle.html
Chromatin - ANSWERSA mass of fibers containing DNA and proteins in the nucleus of
the cell.
Chromosomes - ANSWERSa condensed linear strand of DNA, found in pairs n humans.
Haploid - ANSWERSDescribes cells with a single copy of each chromosome.
Somatic Cells - ANSWERSNon-reproductive diploid cells of the body. Formed by
mitosis.
Gametes - ANSWERSReproductive or sex cells, usually haploid, that join with another
cell to produce offspring. Formed by meiosis.
Homologous Paris - ANSWERSThe maternal and paternal chromosome in a diploid
organism.
Sister Chromatids - ANSWERSTwo identical chromosomes after replication.
Diploid - ANSWERSDescribes cells with two copies of each chromosome.
G1 (Gap 1) - ANSWERSCells increase in size, produce RNA, organelles and centrioles.
S (Synthesis) - ANSWERSDNA replication occurs.
G2 (Gap 2) - ANSWERSThe cell will continue to grow and produce new proteins and
enzymes as it approaches mitosis.
Prophase - ANSWERSIn this phase, the chromatin condenses and chromosomes
become visible. The nuclear membrane dissolves and spindle fibers are assembled.
Metaphase - ANSWERSIn this phase, the nuclear membrane is completely dissolved
and the duplicated chromosomes line up along the cell's equator/mid-point.
Anaphase - ANSWERSDuring this phase, the pairs of daughters chromosomes are
pulled towards opposite poles of the cell. Cytokinesis begins.
, Telophase - ANSWERSDuring this phase, the nuclear membrane reforms and
cytokinesis is mostly complete.
Cytokinesis - ANSWERSThis is the term for the division of the cytoplasm to two
daughter cells that occurs at the end of mitosis or meiosis.
Cells spend most of their time in what phase? (cell division lab) - ANSWERSInterphase
How can you tell that a cell is in telophase? (cell division lab) - ANSWERSTelophase
was the least represented because it only had 1 cell in this phase.
Trisomy 21 - ANSWERSA genetic chromosome 21 disorder causing developmental and
intellectual delays (aka Down Syndrome).
Sickle Cell Anemia - ANSWERSA genetic disorder that causes abnormal hemoglobin,
resulting in some red blood cells assuming an abnormal shape.
Klinefelter Syndrome - ANSWERSA chromosomal disorder in which males have an
extra X chromosome, making them XXY instead of XY.
Trisomy 13 Syndrome - ANSWERSExtra chromosome 13.
Turner Syndrome - ANSWERSA chromosomal disorder in females in which either an X
chromosome is missing, making the person XO instead of XX, or part of one X
chromosome is deleted.
How many individual autosomes does a normal human karyotype have? How many
individual sex chromosomes? (Karyotype Lab) - ANSWERSA typical human has 22
autosomes and 2 sex chromosomes.
Karyotype - ANSWERSThe process of pairing and ordering all the chromosomes of an
organism.
Genotype - ANSWERSGenetic makeup of an organism.
Phenotype - ANSWERSThe expression of genetic material in an organism; what the
organism does or looks like as a result of gene by environment interactions.
Locus - ANSWERSThe location of a gene in a chromosome.
Allele - ANSWERSA possible form of a gene.
Gamete - ANSWERSA haploid cell that is utilized in sexual reproduction.
Dominant Allele - ANSWERSThe allele that will be expressed in the phenotype.
Questions with Verified Answers
Use this link to practice differentiating mitosis/meiosis stages. -
ANSWERShttp://www.biology.arizona.edu/cell_bio/activities/cell_cycle/cell_cycle.html
Chromatin - ANSWERSA mass of fibers containing DNA and proteins in the nucleus of
the cell.
Chromosomes - ANSWERSa condensed linear strand of DNA, found in pairs n humans.
Haploid - ANSWERSDescribes cells with a single copy of each chromosome.
Somatic Cells - ANSWERSNon-reproductive diploid cells of the body. Formed by
mitosis.
Gametes - ANSWERSReproductive or sex cells, usually haploid, that join with another
cell to produce offspring. Formed by meiosis.
Homologous Paris - ANSWERSThe maternal and paternal chromosome in a diploid
organism.
Sister Chromatids - ANSWERSTwo identical chromosomes after replication.
Diploid - ANSWERSDescribes cells with two copies of each chromosome.
G1 (Gap 1) - ANSWERSCells increase in size, produce RNA, organelles and centrioles.
S (Synthesis) - ANSWERSDNA replication occurs.
G2 (Gap 2) - ANSWERSThe cell will continue to grow and produce new proteins and
enzymes as it approaches mitosis.
Prophase - ANSWERSIn this phase, the chromatin condenses and chromosomes
become visible. The nuclear membrane dissolves and spindle fibers are assembled.
Metaphase - ANSWERSIn this phase, the nuclear membrane is completely dissolved
and the duplicated chromosomes line up along the cell's equator/mid-point.
Anaphase - ANSWERSDuring this phase, the pairs of daughters chromosomes are
pulled towards opposite poles of the cell. Cytokinesis begins.
, Telophase - ANSWERSDuring this phase, the nuclear membrane reforms and
cytokinesis is mostly complete.
Cytokinesis - ANSWERSThis is the term for the division of the cytoplasm to two
daughter cells that occurs at the end of mitosis or meiosis.
Cells spend most of their time in what phase? (cell division lab) - ANSWERSInterphase
How can you tell that a cell is in telophase? (cell division lab) - ANSWERSTelophase
was the least represented because it only had 1 cell in this phase.
Trisomy 21 - ANSWERSA genetic chromosome 21 disorder causing developmental and
intellectual delays (aka Down Syndrome).
Sickle Cell Anemia - ANSWERSA genetic disorder that causes abnormal hemoglobin,
resulting in some red blood cells assuming an abnormal shape.
Klinefelter Syndrome - ANSWERSA chromosomal disorder in which males have an
extra X chromosome, making them XXY instead of XY.
Trisomy 13 Syndrome - ANSWERSExtra chromosome 13.
Turner Syndrome - ANSWERSA chromosomal disorder in females in which either an X
chromosome is missing, making the person XO instead of XX, or part of one X
chromosome is deleted.
How many individual autosomes does a normal human karyotype have? How many
individual sex chromosomes? (Karyotype Lab) - ANSWERSA typical human has 22
autosomes and 2 sex chromosomes.
Karyotype - ANSWERSThe process of pairing and ordering all the chromosomes of an
organism.
Genotype - ANSWERSGenetic makeup of an organism.
Phenotype - ANSWERSThe expression of genetic material in an organism; what the
organism does or looks like as a result of gene by environment interactions.
Locus - ANSWERSThe location of a gene in a chromosome.
Allele - ANSWERSA possible form of a gene.
Gamete - ANSWERSA haploid cell that is utilized in sexual reproduction.
Dominant Allele - ANSWERSThe allele that will be expressed in the phenotype.
