NUR 351: Test #3 -Study Guide(PEDS)| Questions and Answers
What is Acute Otitis Media? infection (bacterial or viral) of fluid in middle ear
Why are infants at increased risk for Acute Otitis Media? due to short length and horizontal positioning of the eustachian tube, limited
response to antigens, and lack of previous exposure to common pathogens
What are some significant risk factors for otitis media? Eustachian tube dysfunction and susceptibility to recurrent upper respiratory
infections
What are the signs and symptoms of acute otitis media? Fever, Ear tug, Poor feed, Inconsolable, Ear drainage, Sleep more or less
What are the complications of Chronic Otitis Media with AOM, hearing loss, and deafness
Effusion?
What are some risk factors for Otitis Media with Effusion? passive smoking, absence of breast feeding, frequent viral upper respiratory
infections, allergy, young age, male sex, adenoid hypertrophy, and Eustachian
tube dysfunction and certain congenital disorders
What do pressure-equalizing tubes do? equalize the pressure behind the eardrum, allowing for tympanic membrane
movement. This allows for adequate hearing, which encourages speech
development
What should we teach parents about pressure-equalizing -the procedure is usually done as outpatient surgery child returns home same day
tubes? -tubes stay in place for a couple months and then usually fall out on own
-teach to administer ear drops if prescribed
-advise ear plugs when swimming in rivers/lakes
-if middle ear gets infection the tubes allow for fluid to drain from ear
, What are common risk factors for Acute Infectious -second hand smoke
Respiratory Disorders? -immunocompromised
-lack of breastfeeding
-heart/lung disease
-crowded living conditions
-day care
-school age siblings
-low socioeconomic status
What are some common pt education for Acute no antibiotics if viral
Infectious Respiratory Disorders? if antibiotics:
- complete prescription
- after 24 hours discard toothbrush & return
to school/daycare
What are some common preventions for Acute Infectious -vaccinations
Respiratory Disorders? -hand washing
-cover the cough
-minimize exposure
-stay home if ill
-healthy diet
-rest
How do you diagnose a flu? rapid assay test
What are some assessment for Pharyngitis? -symptoms
-recent viral or strep throat exposure
-inspect pharynx and tonsils: inflammation, petechiae on palate, strawberry
tongue
-inspect skin: fine, red, sandpaper-like rash on
trunk/abdomen
-palpate lymph nodes
-throat swab for rapid test & culture
What are some signs and symptoms of croup? -Fever
-Hoarseness
-edema of larynx
-Barking cough (inflammation of larynx & trachea)
-Stridor (edema & inflammation of upper airway)
What is Epiglottis most often caused by? most often caused by Haemophilus influenza type B (Hib)
What are some nursing assessments for Epiglottis? sudden onset of symptoms:
-high fever with overall toxic
appearance
-refuses to speak, speaks with
soft voice
-refuses to lay down, may sit with
neck extended forward
-drooling present
-appears anxious, frightened
-cough is absent
What is Acute Otitis Media? infection (bacterial or viral) of fluid in middle ear
Why are infants at increased risk for Acute Otitis Media? due to short length and horizontal positioning of the eustachian tube, limited
response to antigens, and lack of previous exposure to common pathogens
What are some significant risk factors for otitis media? Eustachian tube dysfunction and susceptibility to recurrent upper respiratory
infections
What are the signs and symptoms of acute otitis media? Fever, Ear tug, Poor feed, Inconsolable, Ear drainage, Sleep more or less
What are the complications of Chronic Otitis Media with AOM, hearing loss, and deafness
Effusion?
What are some risk factors for Otitis Media with Effusion? passive smoking, absence of breast feeding, frequent viral upper respiratory
infections, allergy, young age, male sex, adenoid hypertrophy, and Eustachian
tube dysfunction and certain congenital disorders
What do pressure-equalizing tubes do? equalize the pressure behind the eardrum, allowing for tympanic membrane
movement. This allows for adequate hearing, which encourages speech
development
What should we teach parents about pressure-equalizing -the procedure is usually done as outpatient surgery child returns home same day
tubes? -tubes stay in place for a couple months and then usually fall out on own
-teach to administer ear drops if prescribed
-advise ear plugs when swimming in rivers/lakes
-if middle ear gets infection the tubes allow for fluid to drain from ear
, What are common risk factors for Acute Infectious -second hand smoke
Respiratory Disorders? -immunocompromised
-lack of breastfeeding
-heart/lung disease
-crowded living conditions
-day care
-school age siblings
-low socioeconomic status
What are some common pt education for Acute no antibiotics if viral
Infectious Respiratory Disorders? if antibiotics:
- complete prescription
- after 24 hours discard toothbrush & return
to school/daycare
What are some common preventions for Acute Infectious -vaccinations
Respiratory Disorders? -hand washing
-cover the cough
-minimize exposure
-stay home if ill
-healthy diet
-rest
How do you diagnose a flu? rapid assay test
What are some assessment for Pharyngitis? -symptoms
-recent viral or strep throat exposure
-inspect pharynx and tonsils: inflammation, petechiae on palate, strawberry
tongue
-inspect skin: fine, red, sandpaper-like rash on
trunk/abdomen
-palpate lymph nodes
-throat swab for rapid test & culture
What are some signs and symptoms of croup? -Fever
-Hoarseness
-edema of larynx
-Barking cough (inflammation of larynx & trachea)
-Stridor (edema & inflammation of upper airway)
What is Epiglottis most often caused by? most often caused by Haemophilus influenza type B (Hib)
What are some nursing assessments for Epiglottis? sudden onset of symptoms:
-high fever with overall toxic
appearance
-refuses to speak, speaks with
soft voice
-refuses to lay down, may sit with
neck extended forward
-drooling present
-appears anxious, frightened
-cough is absent
