Aceyourscores

What is the primary reason benign tumors are less harmful than malignant tumors? A. Benign tumors cannot grow larger than a specific size B. Benign tumors do not metastasize or invade nearby tissues C. Benign tumors have poorly defined boundaries D. Benign tumors always regress naturally - B. Benign tumors do not metastasize or invade nearby tissues Which of the following is an example of a malignant tumor? A. Fibroid B. Lipoma C. Carcinoma D. Adenoma - C. Carcinoma What is the ter...

Which of the following cells is responsible for detecting and destroying infected cells in the innate immune system? A) B lymphocytes B) Natural killer (NK) cells C) Helper T cells D) Dendritic cells - B) Natural killer (NK) cells Which of the following immunoglobulins is primarily found in mucosal areas such as the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts? A) IgA B) IgM C) IgG D) IgE - A) IgA Which of the following describes the role of T lymphocytes in adaptive immunity? A) Produ...

What role do irritants play in restrictive lung diseases? - Irritants such as aspirated fluids or inhaled toxins, can cause bronchial inflammation, atelectasis, and decreased compliance in the lungs. A clinical measure used to assess the severity of oxygenation disorders, calculated by subtracting arterial oxygen levels from alveolar oxygen levels. - Alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient What characterizes hypoxemic respiratory failure? - Reduced O2 in arterial blood, typically with a PAO2 les...

Which nervous system promotes bronchodilation? A) Parasympathetic B) Sympathetic C) Enteric D) Somatic - B) Sympathetic Rationale: The sympathetic nervous system releases epinephrine, activating beta-2 receptors to cause bronchodilation. Which mediator causes bronchoconstriction in asthma? A) Epinephrine B) Acetylcholine C) Leukotrienes D) Dopamine - C) Leukotrienes Rationale: Leukotrienes are inflammatory mediators that promote bronchoconstriction in asthma. What effect does...

Which brain region is primarily involved in processing reward and pleasure related to food intake? A) Amygdala B) Prefrontal cortex C) Nucleus accumbens D) Hippocampus - Answer: C) Nucleus accumbens Rationale: The nucleus accumbens is involved in the reward pathway, which can contribute to overeating. What is the primary factor that affects an individual's Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)? A) Gender B) Muscle mass C) Stress levels D) Caffeine intake - Answer: B) Muscle mass Rationa...

Which hematological cancer affects plasma cells in the bone marrow? A) Lymphoma B) Myeloma C) Leukemia D) Hemophilia - Answer: B) Myeloma Rationale: Myeloma is characterized by cancerous growth of plasma cells in the bone marrow. What stimulates the production of red blood cells in response to hypoxia? A) Interferon B) Thrombopoietin C) Erythropoietin D) Cortisol - Answer: C) Erythropoietin Rationale: Erythropoietin, primarily produced by the kidneys, stimulates RBC production d...

Mr. Mills, a 38-year-old patient, presents with severe rectal pain and fever. Which condition might be the cause of the symptoms? A. An imperforate anus B. A perianal abscess C. Benign prostatic hypertrophy D. An anorectal fistula - B: CorrectPerianal abscess is an infection of the soft tissues surrounding the anal canal, with formation of a discrete abscess cavity. Symptoms include tenderness, fever, and pain on defecation or with sitting or walking. "Boggy, enlarged, and tender...

Basic Rules for Building the History - • Introduce yourself • Address patient properly • Be courteous • Make eye contact • Do not overtire patient • Do not be judgmental • Be flexible Avoid medical jargon • Take notes sparingly • Avoid leading questions • Start with general concerns, then move to specific descriptions. • Clarify responses with where, when, what, how, and why questions. • Verify and summarize what you have heard Building the History - • Id...

Mr. Jones is a 45-year-old patient who presents to the office. A person's definition of illness is likely to be most influenced by A. race. B. socioeconomic class. C. enculturation. D. age group. - C. enculturation As the healthcare provider, you are informing a patient that he or she has a terminal illness. This discussion is most likely to be discouraged in which cultural group? A. Navajo Native Americans B. Dominant Americans C. First-generation African descendants D. First-gene...

Warts - Epidermal neoplasms caused by viral infection digital mucous cyst - Cyst-like structure that contain a clear jelly-like substance Polymorphic eruption of pregnancy - Benign dermatitis that usually arises in the third trimester of a first pregnancy seborrheic dermatitis - Chronic, recurrent, erythematous scaling eruption localized in areas where sebaceous glands are concentrated Miliaria rubra - Caused by blocked sweat ducts and trapped sweat beneath the skin Impetigo - com...